Effect of vegetable oils applied over acquired enamel pellicle on initial erosion

Abstract Objective The prevalence of dental erosion has been recently increasing, requiring new preventive and therapeutic approaches. Vegetable oils have been studied in preventive dentistry because they come from a natural, edible, low-cost, and worldwide accessible source. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of different vegetable oils, applied in two concentrations, on initial enamel erosion. Material and Methods Initially, the acquired pellicle was formed in situ for 2 hours. Subsequently, the enamel blocks were treated in vitro according to the study group (n=12/per group): GP5 and GP100 - 5% and pure palm oil, respectively; GC5 and GC100 - 5% and pure coconut oil; GSa5 and GSa100 - 5% and pure safflower oil; GSu5 and GSu100 - 5% and pure sunflower oil; GO5 and GO100 - 5% and pure olive oil; CON− - Deionized Water (negative control) and CON+ - Commercial Mouthwash (Elmex® Erosion Protection Dental Rinse, GABA/positive control). Then, the enamel blocks were immersed in artificial saliva for 2 minutes and subjected to short-term acid exposure in 0.5% citric acid, pH 2.4, for 30 seconds, to promote enamel surface softening. The response variable was the percentage of surface hardness loss [((SHi - SHf) / SHf )×100]. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). Results Enamel blocks of GP100 presented similar hardness loss to GSu100 (p>0.05) and less than the other groups (p<0.05). There was no difference between GP5, GC5, GC100, GSa5, GSu100, GSa100, GSu5, GO5, GO100, CON− and CON+. Conclusion Palm oil seems to be a promising alternative for preventing enamel erosion. However, further studies are necessary to evaluate a long-term erosive cycling.

Impact of Saliva and Intraoral Appliance on Erosion Lesions Rehardening Ability - A Pilot Study

Objective: To evaluate the ability of different periods of salivary exposure and two different removable appliances to rehardening initial erosive lesions. Material and Methods: This randomized, single blind in situ study was conducted with 2 crossover phases. The factors under study were: period of salivary exposure (15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours) and type of oral appliance (maxillary or mandibular). Two hundred enamel blocks were selected by initial surface hardness (SHi). Enamel blocks were demineralized in vitro (0.05M citric acid; pH2.5 for 15 seconds), surface hardness (SHd) was remeasured and 160 blocks were selected and randomized among groups. Thus, there were 2 blocks per period of salivary exposure in each type of oral appliance for each one of the 10 volunteers. In each phase, one of the removable appliances was tested. The response variable was percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SHR=[(SHf-SHd)/SHi)]x100). Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were applied adopting 5% of significance. Results: No difference was found among oral appliances on enamel rehardening (p>0.01). Salivary exposure of 2 hours promoted similar enamel rehardening when compared to 1 hour (p>0.05), which showed similar rehardening to 30 min. All mentioned period of salivary exposure promoted superior rehardening than 15 min (p>0.01). Conclusion: The salivary time exposure between erosive attacks might be 2 hours to achieve a feasible maximum rehardening. In addition, both maxillary and the mandibular appliance have presented a similar rehardening ability.

Changes in Oral Health-related Behavior of Infants following a Preventive Program of Continuing Education Directed to their Parents

To evaluate changes in oral health-related behavior of infants following preventive program of continuing education directed to their parents.Material and Methods:We analyzed 53 dental files of infants aged up to 36 months, who participated in the Prevention and Education Program of the Infants Clinic, School of Dentistry of Bauru (USP), and attended at least 2 visits with a maximum of 4 missing appointments. Initially an educational lecture was conducted, pointing issues related to diet and oral hygiene. At the following visit, the professional filled in a form with questions about diet and hygiene performed at home. The following information was extracted from dental files: reason of the first visit, age, number of teeth, number of visits, missing appointments, and dietary and oral hygiene risk factors. The data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics comparing the information obtained from the first visit to that of the last one.Results:The reason for the first visit was dental caries prevention (88.68%) followed by dental trauma (7.55%), and needed of curative treatment (3.77%). The mean age of the sample was 14.85 months, the tooth number mean was 12.64 at first visit, the mean number of visits was 7 and the mean missing appointments was 0.83. The percentage of infants with inadequate diet and hygiene habits was 88.68% and 62.26%, and only 12.762% and 57.57% of these have changed their habits, respectively.Conclusion:After the preventive program of continuing education, the dietary habits showed were more difficult to change in relation to hygiene ones...