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1.
The Journal of The Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine ; : 544-544, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-689298

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In the Upper Benue Trough of Nigeria near Numan is a thermal spring flowing to the surface under natural conditions. Geologically, it is believed that this water passes through the Continental Bima Sandstones of the Albian, the transitional to marine Yolde Formation of the Cenomanian, and eventually through the continental Gombe Sandstones of Maastrichtian age, thus deriving their unique chemistry. Bottled mineral waters have been served in several parts of the world as a dietary water. They are a common source of essential micro and macro nutrients, needed by the human body. Materials: A sample of the thermal spring water was taken and analysed using the following techniques- electrometric method to determine electrical conductivity, pH value, iodide and fluoride content, the spectrophotometric method for the determination of ammonium, iron, manganese, nitrate, nitrite, silicate, bromate, and sulphate content, the flame photometric method for the determination of sodium, and potassium content, and finally the complexometric titration to determine calcium, and magnesium, the argentometric titration to determinate chloride, while the acidimetric titration was used in the determination of hydrocarbonate. Results: The following results were generated from the analyses done; temp 44.2°C, pH 7.38, mineralisation 442.63mg/l, Ca2+ 9.62, SO42- <1.00, NH4+ <0.05, Na+ 93.34, K+ 10.00, Mg2+ 2.43, Fe2+3+ <0.01, Mn2+ <0.01, F- 0.69, Cl- 20.20, Br- <0.05, J- <0.02, HCO3- 273.80, NO2- <0.02, NO3, <0.88, HB2- <0.05, H2SiO3 32.55, Total Hardness (mg/cm3, CaCO3) 32. Comparing these with the results of two bottled mineral water from Poland, namely: Jurajska, Ca2+ 66.1, SO42- 40.5, Na+ 10.0, K+ 2.2, Mg2+ 32.8, F- 0.4, Cl- 7.8, HCO3- 329.9 and Polaris, Ca2+ 102.2, Na+ 11.25, K+ 2.34, Mg2+ 16.0, F- 0.23, Cl- 2.50, HCO3- 432.7. Conclusion: One can conclude that the Ruwan Zafi- Numan is possibly a good source of dietary water which if exploited will improve the health needs of its consumers as well as boost national GDP.

2.
The Journal of The Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine ; : 543-543, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-689297

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Two springs namely Bitrus (flowing borehole) and Ruwan Zafi, both in Awe - North Central Nigeria were sampled and analysed for elements of pharmacodynamic significance. Methods: The electrometric method was used to determine electrical conductivity, pH value, iodide and fluoride content. The spectrophotometric method was used for the determination of ammonium, iron, magnesium, nitrate, nitrite, silicate, bromate, and sulphate content. Furthermore, the flame photometric method was used for the determination of sodium, and potassium content. Finally, the complexometric titration was used to determine calcium, and magnesium, the argentometric titration to determine chloride, while the acidimetric titration was used in the determination of hydrocarbonate. Result: Their rich mineral endowment is easily traced to their ancient marine source in the Cretaceous. These waters interact with host-beds of shale, silt, sandstone, which are sometimes calcareous on their way up under natural artesian conditions. With average temperature of 40 degree Centigrade, they make for invaluable balnear resources. Both springs have mineralization greater than 1000 mg/l and as such qualify as mineral/medicinal waters. Conclusion: Due to their Isotonic nature and moderate mineralization, they are suitable for use in drinking cure as their chemistry compares favourably with that of a well-known spring water in Poland used for the same purpose-Inowroclaw(mineralization 0.29%).

3.
The Journal of The Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine ; : 383-383, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-689193

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In diabetic patients we can observe disturbance of microcirculation since the initial stage of diseases. That is the reason of many heavy complication of diabetes. Balneological procedures have most important value in complication of microcirculation treatment but there is not much science evidences. The aim of our research was to define influence of selected balneological procedures on skin microcirculation in patients with long time diabetes. Materials: 35 diabetes type 2 patients without clinical symptoms of peripheral circulation disorders in lower extremities. Most of them (30 patients) were treated by insulin injections, rest of them only by oral antidiabetes drugs. All of our patients had good control diabetes during observation. Methods: Treatment program consist of 3 balneological procedures applied everyday by 21 days of thermal treatment. Applied following procedures: CO2 bath, salt bath with exercises, peat - paste poultices. Every patients gets 16-18 procedures during the time of thermal treatment program. Microcirculation examination had been done before and after treatment by using laser - doppler method in occlusion test.   7 parameters of microcirculation had been estimated; most valuable of them were: MAX (maximal flow after occlusion), MAX/RF (relations of maximal flow after occlusion to rest flow), TL (time of vessels reaction after occlusion), TM (time to reach of maximal flow after occlusion). Results: We receive high statistical important changes: increasing of MAX (average value; before: 0.828571 pu - perfusion unit., after: 0.950571 pu.), increasing of MAX/RF (average value; before: 1.4246, after: 1.6611), decreasing of TL (average value; before: 0.5031 s., after: 0.4058 s.), decreasing of TM (average value; before: 0.8428 s., after: 0.7811 s.) Conclusions: Our researches are evidence on valuable influence of selected balneological procedures on microcirculation in diabetic patients.

4.
The Journal of The Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine ; : 383-383, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-375541

ABSTRACT

<b>Introduction:</b> In diabetic patients we can observe disturbance of microcirculation since the initial stage of diseases. That is the reason of many heavy complication of diabetes. Balneological procedures have most important value in complication of microcirculation treatment but there is not much science evidences. The aim of our research was to define influence of selected balneological procedures on skin microcirculation in patients with long time diabetes.<BR><b>Materials:</b> 35 diabetes type 2 patients without clinical symptoms of peripheral circulation disorders in lower extremities. Most of them (30 patients) were treated by insulin injections, rest of them only by oral antidiabetes drugs. All of our patients had good control diabetes during observation. <BR><b>Methods: </b>Treatment program consist of 3 balneological procedures applied everyday by 21 days of thermal treatment. Applied following procedures: CO<sub>2</sub> bath, salt bath with exercises, peat - paste poultices. Every patients gets 16-18 procedures during the time of thermal treatment program. Microcirculation examination had been done before and after treatment by using laser - doppler method in occlusion test.<BR>  7 parameters of microcirculation had been estimated; most valuable of them were: MAX (maximal flow after occlusion), MAX/RF (relations of maximal flow after occlusion to rest flow), TL (time of vessels reaction after occlusion), TM (time to reach of maximal flow after occlusion). <BR><b>Results: </b>We receive high statistical important changes: increasing of MAX (average value; before: 0.828571 pu - perfusion unit., after: 0.950571 pu.), increasing of MAX/RF (average value; before: 1.4246, after: 1.6611), decreasing of TL (average value; before: 0.5031 s., after: 0.4058 s.), decreasing of TM (average value; before: 0.8428 s., after: 0.7811 s.)<BR><b>Conclusions:</b> Our researches are evidence on valuable influence of selected balneological procedures on microcirculation in diabetic patients.

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