ABSTRACT
The present study investigated the role of selenium (Se) in regulating cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) roots. Short-term exposure of plants to 20 μM Cd intensively increased hydrogen peroxides (H2O2), protein carbonyl (PCO) content and lipid peroxidation as indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. In contrast, Se (5, 10 and 20 μM) pretreatment alleviated the oxidative damages as evidenced by the lowered H2O2, protein carbonyl (PCO) and MDA content. Concomitantly, Se treatment enhanced the activities of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX, EC 1.11.1.9), but lowered that of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) in the root exposed Cd. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that exogenous Se may improve the tolerance of the plant to the Cd-induced oxidative stress.
ABSTRACT
Integration of technologies such as medical imaging, types of software such as pro engineer, and modern fabrication processes such as RP is important in the medical field. It enabled to solve some medical problems specially those considering bio-parts replacement and prosthesis. This study presents a methodology that helped replace the wearied hip joint by a bio-product with the same dimensions, size, and shape as the patient's hip joint using CAD system and a Rapid Prototyping technique