ABSTRACT
Within a few consecutive days, 8 cases of lambs' mortality were reported from the Golestan National Park area [Golestan province]. According to the farmer's claims, the disease has occurred only in less than one year old lambs whose major feeding was free grazing in the oak rich areas and also collected and manually feeding with new and fresh buds of this tree. Ascites, hydrothorax, hydropericarditis, intestine, abomasum and mesenteric subserosal accumulation of fluid, and swelling of the kidney with cortex hemorrhage was observed in necropsy. Microscopic pathology revealed tubular and glomerular nephritis with tubular hyaline casts and mucosal necrosis with submucosal and serosal edema of GI specimens. Based on available epidemiological data, macro and microscopic pathology, oak poisoning is the most likely cause of mortality in this flock. It seems the major cause of mortality is the high sensitivity of these young animals and furthermore, the farmers insistence on feeding them the fresh buds of this tree
Subject(s)
Animals , SheepABSTRACT
The histopathological findings include as following: Gliosis [52%], Neuronal necrosis [37%], Perivascular cuffing [5.4%], hyperemia and hemorrhage in cerebral tissues [32.9%], hyperemia and hemorrhage in meninge[19.2%], prevascullar and preneuronal edema [52%], Meningial edema [16.4%], Vacuole in neurons [2.7%], Vacuole in neuropil [8.2%], protozoal cyct [5.4%]. Frequency of fetal brain lesions consists of: meningitis [9.6%], encephalitis [50.7%], [nonsuppurative encephalitis 38.3%, suppurative encephalitis 12.3%], meningoencephalitis [8.2%], Encephalomalacia [1.4%], congenital anomalies [6.8%][hydrocephaly and hy dranencephaly]. Non purulent encephalitis was the most common lesion in fetal brains that could be caused by viral and protozoal agents. 71% of non-supporative encephalitis consisted of multifocal necrotic encephalitis which are mostly caused by protozoa. The etiology of abortion should be considered in future studies
Subject(s)
Animals , Aborted Fetus/pathology , Sheep , Goats , CattleABSTRACT
The concept of evaluating the musculoskeletal system with ultrasound was initially introduced in the late 1970s. For evaluating meniscal tears, which are a common injury in traumatic events of knee, linear probes with high resolution have been used. In this study, we compared the results of sonography with arthroscopy in diagnosing bucket h and le tear of meniscus and MCL tear. 218 clinically symptomatic knee joints with clinical indication of arthroscopy were examined by sonography in a referral sport medicine center. The patients eventually had arthroscopic exam. The results were compared, and statistically analyzed using Fisher's exact. In this study, of 218 patient who had arthroscopy and sonography, the sensitivity and specificity of sonography in meniscal tear were 68.1% and 100%, respectively. 34 patients had bucket h and le tear of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus on sonography; six cases [17.6%] of which had abnormally small posterior horns of medial meniscus [in favor of meniscal tear] but in 60 patients with other types of meniscal tear, sonography revealed tear in 58 [96.6%][P < 0.0001]. Six patients had complete MCL tear in arthroscopy, while in sonography 4 complete MCL tears were shown. Sensitivity of ultrasound in diagnosing complete MCL tear was 66.6% and specificity of 98%. Ultrasound is easily applicable in evaluation of knee derangement: however, for bucket h and le tears it has limited application. For MCL tears, sonography seems an accurate method. Ultrasonography is rapid, low-cost and non-invasive examination