ABSTRACT
Background: Atherosclerosis is caused by the combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. Combination of DM and dyslipidemia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Hence, it is of utmost importance to know the nature of dyslipidemia in DM for its effective management. The major lipid abnormalities seen in DM are elevated triglyceride levels and lowered HDL-C levels.Methods: A case-controlled study was initiated in Vinayaka Missions Medical college and hospital for a period of 2 year. Pre-prandial and post-prandial lipid profile was assessed in 50 cases of type 2 DM and was compared with age and sex matched healthy controls satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: At the end of the study, the mean age±SD was 48.5±5.68 years. The mean HbA1c±SD of the study population was found to be 7.48±1.517. Looking at the lipid profile all cases in fasting state had elevated VLDL-C levels (mean 50.39±60.27), elevated TC (mean 169.70±39.917), elevated TGL (mean 146.04±60.140) and low LDL-C (mean 92.3±27.699) when compared to control group. In the postprandial state, there was a significant raise in TGL level (mean 188±68.59), raised TC (mean 180.74±38.46), decreased HDL-C (mean 38.761±9.028) compared to the fasting state.Conclusions: Lipid profile of type 2 DM in pre-prandial 12 hour fasting state showed elevated TC, VLDL-C levels and low LDL-C and HDL-C levels. Where as in post prandial state TGL levels were markedly elevated with elevated TC and low HDL-C levels.
ABSTRACT
Background: Acid base disorders are common in the ICU patients and pose a great burden in the management of the underlying condition.Methods: Identifying the type of acid-base disorders in ICU patients using arterial blood gas analysis This was a retrospective case-controlled comparative study. 46 patients in intensive care unit of a reputed institution and comparing the type of acid-base disorder amongst infectious (10) and non-infectious (36) diseases.Results: Of the study population, 70% had mixed acid base disorders and 30% had simple type of acid base disorders. It was found that sepsis is associated with mixed type of acid-base disorders with most common being metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosis. Non-infectious diseases were mostly associated with metabolic alkalosis with respiratory acidosis. Analysis of individual acid base disorders revealed metabolic acidosis as the most common disturbance.Conclusions: These results projected the probability of acid bases disorders in various conditions and help in the efficient management. Mixed acid base disorders are the most common disturbances in the intensive care setup which is metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosis in infectious diseases and metabolic acidosis is the most common simple type of acid base disorder.