[Review on phytochemistry and Therapeutic properties of Fenugreek [Trigonella foenum-graceum]

Fenugreek is an annual plant from leguminosea endemic to east Mediterranean. It has been used in traditional medicine for a while. It has been used for its oxytocic, digestive, and metabolism enhancement properties. While is reach in alkaloids, steroids, and sapogenins and also has good medicinal properties, it became one af more important medicinal plants. Nicotinic acid, and Trigonelline which are effective in treatment of diabetes and hypercholestremia, are reach in this plant. Also diosgenin, another medicinally important compound, is produced by this plant in high concentration. Many studies have been done and revealing it's beneficial in treatment diabetes and other metabolic disorders. In this review, we summaries some of this studies

[Review on pharmacological activities of gum olibanum]

Frankincense, also known as olibanum, is a gum resin collected from trees of the genus Boswellia. The gum resin is produced by trees of various Boswellia species. These plants are middle size trees from Burseraceae family. Commertial olibanum in Iran is obtained from Boswellia carteri and Boswellia serrata that are native of Africa and India, respectively. Boswellic acids [Bas], a group of pentacyclic triterpenic acids are main bioactive principles of the gum resins. Gum olibanum has a long history of use, for example in religious ceremonies and for perfume production. Also it has been traditionally used in the ayurvedic system of medicine as an anticancer, antidiahhroea, memory and learning enhancing. Recently, the investigations demonstrated that gum olibanum has pharmacological properties and clinical effectiveness in various diseases. Present review focuses on pharmacological activities of gum olibanum

fruit essential oil of Cuminum cyminum L. reduced the acquisition but not expression of ineffective dose of morphine induce conditioned place preference in morphine-sensitized mice

Cuminum cyminum fruit essential oil [FEO] dose-dependently can attenuate the expression of morphine tolerance and dependence in morphine-dependent mice. In this study, the effects of Cuminum cyminum FEO on acquisition and expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference [CPP] in morphine-sensitized mice were studied. Repeated subcutaneous [s.c.] administration of morphine [5 mg/kg], once daily for three and 5 days free of the opioid [sensitization period], increased conditioning response induced by ineffective doses of morphine [0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mg/kg]. The results showed that intra-peritoneal [i.p.] injection of Cumin FEO [0. 001, 0.01, 0. 1, 0.5, 1 and 2%; 5 ml/kg] or Tween-80 [0.5%; 5 ml/kg], 60 mm before administration of morphine or saline during sensitization period [acquisition], decreased the conditioning response induced by ineffective dose of morphine [0.5 mg/kg; s.c.] at the doses of 1% [P<0.05] and 2% [P<0.001] while Cumin FEO [0.001-2%; i.p.], just 60 mm before the test on post-conditioning phase [expression experiments], did not alter the conditioning scores in morphine-and non-sensitized mice. Our findings showed that the Cuminum cyminum fruit essential oil reduces the acquisition but not expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in morphine-sensitized mice