Vitamin D receptor gene BSMI polymorphisms in systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy subjects

Vitamin D receptor [VDR] gene polymorphisms cause functional differences in immunomodulatory action of vitamin D. An association between VDR gene BSMI polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE] has been documented. To compare the VDR gene BSMI polymorphisms in patients with SLE and healthy controls. This was a case-control study conducted in the city of Mashhad [Iran]. Sixty patients with lupus from two outpatient rheumatology clinics and 45 non-relative healthy controls of the same sex were selected using the census procedure. VDR gene typing was performed based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism [PCR-RFLP]. The results were analyzed using chi square test while a P < 0.05 was considered as significant. The distribution of VDR genotyping of BSMI polymorphisms in patients with SLE were 23.3% for BB, 60% for Bb and 16.7% for bb. Similarly, the values found for healthy group were 33.3%, 46.7%, and 20% for BB, Bb, and bb, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups. No significant difference in relative frequency of VDR gene BSMI polymorphisms in SLE patients and healthy individuals was established

[Evaluation of adhesion and morphologic changes of human osteoblasts exposed to gray MTA, white MTA and Portland cement]

Osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cells play a major role in wound healing after root end resection. The interaction of osteoblasts with filling materials is critical in healing of surgical lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphology and adhesion of human osteoblasts [MG-63 cell line] in contact with IRM, gray MTA, white MTA and Portland cement [PC] as root end filling materials. In this in vitro study, human osteoblasts of osteosarcoma were provided from the cell bank of Iran Pasteur Institute, and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium. Test materials were mixed according to the manufacturer's instructions and placed in contact with osteoblast cells. After the first, third and seventh days discs of materials with grown cells were fixed and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that after 7 days most of the osteoblasts were attached to the surface of both gray and white MTA and PC and appeared flat or round, however cells adjacent to IRM were round without any adhesion and spread. Based on the results of this study, human osteoblasts have a favorable response to gray and white MTA and Portland cement compared to IRM

[Association between HLADRB104* and HLAADQB106* with severe early childhood caries]

Severe Early Childhood Caries [SECC] is one of the most common diseases in childhood. Etiology of SECC is multifactorial and both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. Genetic variation of the host may contribute to susceptibility for dental caries. Genetic factors such as Human Leukocyte Antigen [HLA] have been recently introduced as a predisposing factor. The aim of this study was to look for an association between HLA-DRB1*04 and HLADQB1*06 with SECC for early diagnosis as well as prevention of the disease. In this cross-sectional study we extracted the genomic DNAS from the whole blood samples of 44 patients with SECC and 35 caries free children [control group] by salting out method. We amplified the genomic DNA by PCR sequence specific primer [PCR-SSP] and then HLA-typing was performed for both alleles. The data were analyzed using Logistic Regression, Fisher's exact, chi-square and Student t test with 95% significance level. The results revealed a significant increase in the frequency of HLADRB1*04 in the patient group [P-value=0.019]. The odds ratio for this allele was detected to be 10. Frequency of HLA-DQB1*06 allele was not significantly different between the two groups [P-value=0.37]. The above results suggest that HLA-DRB1*04 maybe related to the susceptibility to SECC. Thus HLA-DRB1*04 detection as a molecular marker for early diagnosis of SECC can be recommended

[Evaluation of IL-1 beta secretion level by human osteoblast cells adjucent to white MTA, dark MTA, portland cement and IRM as a retrograde filling material]

Osteoblasts and ligament periodontal cells are the essential cells for wound repair after root-end resections and perforation repair. Osteoblast cells reaction in direct contact with filling materials play a critical role in wound repair after surgeries and perforation corrections. Cell attachment on material surfaces and cell secretory function is the primary phase for evaluation of normal cell function. The aim of this study was to morphologically evaluate osteoblast cells [MG-63] function and IL-1 beta secretory level adjacent to gray MTA, white MTA, Portland cement and IRM, as materials for root-end fillings and repairing perforations. Human osteoblast cells [MG-63] obtained from Iran Pasteur Institute. cell bank were grown in RPMI-1640 medium. The under study materials, following the company instructions, were mixed and seeded in 24, 1cmx1cm partition plates with the aproximate thickness of 1mm. The cells were added after the materials primary setting time. The cells were observed by a light microscope an day 1, 3 and 7. In the mentioned intervals, the cells supernants were collected and examined by ELISA and the amount of IL-1 beta in each specimen was measured in pg/ml. The turkey test was used for comparison of the data among different matreials and the Komogrov-Smirnov test was used for normalizing the resonses. The cells morphological outcomes illustrated that after 7 days, a large amount of osteoblasts adjacent to gray and white MTA had the good attachment and morpholigically expansion and flat. The cells adjacent to Portland cement were found round and mostly seperated from the surface, although some flat cells could be found among them. Adjacent to IRM, all the cells were round and seperated from the plate surface. The level amount of IL-1 beta secretion adjacent to gray and white MTA was significantly more than to IRM and Portland cement [P=0.00]. Adjacent to gray and white MTA, the amount of IL-1 beta secretion was not significantly different [P=0.77], also the IL-1 beta secretion level adjacent to Portland cement and IRM was not significantly different [P=0.187]. The currrent study result indicates that human osteoblasts adjacent to gray MTA and white MTA, in comparison to Portland cement and IRM, showed a more appropriate response. Therefore we recommend the use of MTA over the other materials. Regarding Portland cement more research needs to be done in order to reach a final conclusion

[-vitro evaluation of periodontal dressing plus calcium hydroxide on L929 fibroblast cells]

In most cases, after the surgical procedures were completed, the area was covered with a surgical pack. Dentin hypersensitivity is one of the common problems after periodontal surgeries. Calcium Hydroxide is an inexpensive and available material used for desensitizing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of mixture of calcium hydroxide and periodontal dressing on L929 fibroblasts. In this study Rat fibroblasts were used. For preparing extracts, we added 0, 1, 5 and 10 mg of calcium hydroxide to 1 gr of periodontal dressing. Then, they were placed in autoclave followed by 5[cc] of basal media [DMEM].A control group consisting of L929 fibroblasts plus basal media was also considered. After 24, 48 and 72 hours incubation, we examined the numbers [quantity] as well as the morphology of the cells [quality]. For quantitative evaluation [MTT assay] after adding Tetrazolium salt to cells, we read the optical density of each plate using ELISA reader. The data were analyzed statistically using chi-square and Kruskal wallis test. All of the plates had the same quality but the cells in the control group showed more proliferation. All of the plates had plenty of vital and normal fibroblasts but in comparison with the control group the cells had developed less proliferation. Statistical test analysis of the data showed a significant difference between the optical density of the experimental plates and the control group indicating that the number of vital cells in control group was significantly greater than the test groups. Because the number of active vital cells in the plates with periodontal dressing was equal to other plates but less than control group, it can be concluded that the cytotoxic effects in the different plates were related to periodontal dressing, not Calcium hydroxide

[Evaluation of adhesion and morphology of human osteoblasts to white MTA/Gray MTA and IRM as root end filling materials by scanning electron microscopy]

Osteoblast and periodontal ligament cells are major cells for wound healing after root end resection. The interaction of osteoblast with directly contact filling materials could plays a critical role in healing of surgical lesion. Adhesion and spreading of cells on material surface are the initial phase for cellular function. The purpose of the present study was the evaluation of morphology and attachment of human osteoblasts in presence of Gray MTA, white MTA and IRM as root end filling material. This study was a descriptive study the human osteoblasts [MG-63 cell line] were prepared from Iranian Pasteur Institute; Cellular Bank, were grown in PRMI 1640 medium. The testing materials were mixed according to the manufacture's instruction, inserted into the wells of 24-well flat-bottomed plate, and condensed to disk of 1mm thickness and 1×1mm diameter. Cells were added to the materials after two weeks. During 1,3,7 days intervals, the disk of materials along with cells were grown on their surface, examined by a scanning electron microscopy. First day: After first day cells in presence of white and gray MTA showed adhesion and normal morphology, in presence of IRM were totally round. Third day: After third day osteoblasts adjacent to white and gray MTA were flat with adhesion to both materials. In presence of IRM they were round and with no attachment. Seventh day: In seventh day cells appeared with adhesion and normal morphology. Adjacent to IRM cells were round with no attachment. The results indicate that human osteoblasts have a favorable response to gray and white MTA compared with IRM

[Cytotoxic effect of amalgam and mineral trioxide aggregate on L929 cell line culture]

In many cases of endodontic treatment like retrograde surgery and perforation correction, because the materials are placed adjacent to vital connective tissue, biocompatibility and non cytotoxicity are of great importance and improve healing process. Among so many introduced materials, amalgam has been used for many years as a low cytotoxic material. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate [MTA] has been introduced as a new material with high biocompatibility and cementogenesis stimulation. The purpose of this study was the comparison of the cytotoxicity of amalgam and MTA on L[929] cell culture using light microscope. Different dilutions of fresh and set materials were placed adjacent to flasks of L[929] in DMEM media for 24h, 48h, 72h and 4 and 6 days. Then qualitative evaluation of cell morphology by light microscope were done. In qualitative evaluation on L[929] cells with light microscope, fresh-neat amalgam had a moderate cytotoxic effect as proliferation inhibition, whereas fresh MTA had a low cytotoxic effect. Set materials had no cytotoxic effects. According to our findings, MTA revealed a lower degree of cytotoxicity than amalgam. Thus MTA could be used nearby the vital connective tissue