ABSTRACT
Recently, the LHRH analog is used as an endocrine control for the metastatic prostatic cancer. However, it is known to produce an initial increase in plasma testosterone levels for approximately 2 weeks. And this increase may cause to stimulate tumor growth, bone pains and the symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction. But there are still no effective methods reported to prevent this initial flare so far. The author studied the possibilities of local irradiation to the testes to prevent the initial flare phenomenon of LHRH analog treatment. 14 out of total 44 white rats were selected as a control group and the other 30 as a study group. The author gave a single dose of 500 rads to the testes of each rat of study group and sacrificed 5 rats every week as one week interval up to 6 weeks. Then the changes of testicular weight and histopathological readings of both groups were recorded and analyzed. The results of experimental data can be summarized as follows : 1. The testicular weights of study group decreased significantly as compared with those of corresponding age-matched control group. 2. The number of Leydig cells of study group increased than of the age-matched control group. However, most of those increased Leydig cells were observed as degenerated and necrotized. As a result, the real number of mature Leydig cells which could secrete testosterone rather decreased. 3. The Leydig cell index of study group was 109% of the control group at the first week. After the first week, however, the index decreased progressively until sixth week. At sixth week, the index of study group was observed only 66%. From these results, the author suggest that the local testicular irradiation prior to the LHRH analog treatment for the metastatic prostatic cancer can be a possible method to prevent the initial flare phenomenon.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone , Leydig Cells , Plasma , Prostatic Neoplasms , Reading , Testis , Testosterone , Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
We have performed percutaneous removal of renal and upper ureteral stones in 26 patients with ACMI percutaneous nephroscope between August 1986 and July 1987. Overall success rate was 73 percent. Removal was successful for 65 percent of the targeted renal stones and 100 percent of the upper ureteral stones with grasping forceps, baskets, ultrasonic lithotripsy, electrohydraulic lithotripsy or a combination of theses procedures. 24 cases were treated in one session, 2 in a two sessions. There was no mortality and the incidence of complications was low. Average post-operative hospitalization time was 5.7 days. The advantages of this technique are that a skin incision of only 2cm is required to remove the stone, hospital days are fewer than the open procedures, rapid recovery, quicker return to work and few significant complications. We conclude that percutaneous techniques are an effective way to handle the majority of renal and ureteral stones.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hand Strength , Hospitalization , Incidence , Lithotripsy , Mortality , Nephrostomy, Percutaneous , Return to Work , Skin , Surgical Instruments , Ureter , Urinary CalculiABSTRACT
Renal hemangioma is a rare, benign tumor, which usually causes unexplained painless gross hematuria with clots in the renal pelvis or ureter. It is generally venous origin but may be arterial and mixed venoarterial. Preoperative selective renal aniography may offer helpful diagnostic information but it is difficulty to distinguish it from malignant renal tumor. We reported here a case of renal cavernous hemangioma in a 31-year-old man.