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Purpose@#Although increasing body mass index (BMI) is regarded as a potential risk factor for breast cancer (BC) in postmenopausal women, research on premenopausal women has produced conflicting results. We investigated the association between BMI and BC according to menopausal status in Korean. @*Methods@#We analyzed clinical data from 186,835 women aged 20 years or older between 2003 and 2008 using a sample cohort from the national database in Korea. We identified women newly diagnosed with BC and estimated the risk of BC according to BMI (kg/m2). Subjects were categorized into five groups according to World Health Organization recommendations for Asians: underweight, <18.5 kg/m2; normal weight, 18.5–22.9 kg/m2; overweight, 23.0–24.9 kg/m2; obese class I, 25.0–29.9 kg/m2; and obese class II, ≥30.0 kg/m2. @*Results@#1,372 women in the cohort were newly diagnosed with BC. A positive relationship between BMI and BC was detected and the hazard ratio in each group compared with the normal weight group was 0.57 (95% CI, 0.42–0.78), 1.27 (1.11–1.45), 1.25 (1.09–1.44), and 1.28 (0.95–1.73), respectively. BMI was determined to be an important risk factor for BC in postmenopausal women (p for trend was 0.015). We failed to find a significant correlation between BMI and BC in premenopausal women. @*Conclusion@#BMI is positively associated with BC in postmenopausal Korean women.
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This correction is being published to correct the author's name and the affiliation.
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low energy-ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation on bone metabolism and turnover in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five-week old C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated into two groups. Control group (n=35) was not exposed to UVB and experimental group (n=35) was exposed to low energy-UVB for 30 min a day during 7 days. Serological and radiological examination was performed at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 week(s) of each group (n=7). RESULTS: Analysis of biochemical bone markers revealed that alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was detected higher in the UVB group compared to control group. Serum level of osteocalcin was higher in UVB group at 1st week after UVB irradiation (p=0.031). The mean value of Vitamin D was significantly higher in UVB group than control group (p=0.032). Bone mineral density (BMD) from both 5th lumbar spine (p=0.124) and femur (p=0.862) showed higher in UVB group than control group from two weeks after irradiation, but they were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Our study with radiological bone mineral density and serological tests for biochemical bone turnover markers revealed that ultraviolet irradiation contributed positive effect on bone formation.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Alkaline Phosphatase , Bone Density , Femur , Metabolism , Osteocalcin , Osteogenesis , Serologic Tests , Spine , Vitamin DABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Gastric cancer cells may show resistance to various chemotherapeutic agents. The ability of cancer cells to become drug resistant is thought to be a cause of chemotherapy failure. Recent studies showed that multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) might confer resistance to a wide spectrum of natural product drugs. However, the clinical relevance of MRP-mediated multidrug resistance in human gastric cancer remains unknown. To determine the significance of MRP expression in gastric cancer, we investigated the relationship between MRP expression and chemosensitivity in gastric cancer cell lines. METHODS: In 8 gastric cancer cell lines (SNU-1, 5, 16, 484, 601, 620, 638 and 668), the expression of MRP and MRP mRNA was detected by using Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses, respectively. Sensitivity to the anticancer agents (cisplatin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, camptothecin, epirubicin, and vincristine) was examined using a dimethylthiazole- diphenyltetrazolium-bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS: All 8 cell lines expressed MRP and MRP mRNA in various degrees. There was no significant correlation between the expression of MRP and MRP mRNA. Sensitivity to anticancer agents had no significant correlation with the level of MRP expression. CONCLUSION: There was no general correlation between the expression of MRP and chemosensitivity in the various gastric cancer cell lines used in this study. In addition to MRP, another mechanism might be involved in the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cell lines.