Congenital Double Elevator Palsy in Two Brothers

Double elevator palsy (DEP) is an unusual anomaly of ocular motility in which both elevator muscles of the same eye are weak with a resultant inability or reduced ability to elevate the eye and hypotropia. This anomaly is occured congenitally, but occasionally occured as an acquired form. Congenital DEP, which is main cause of the monocular elevation paralysis, is characterized by the progressive deterioration and the absence of diplopia. The etiology is obscure, but is thought to be supranuclear lesion. We observed DEP of the same side of eyes in two patients who were brothers. The limitation of elevation and hypotropia were improved after Knapp's transposition procedure or Jensen's procedure.

Two Cases of Choroidal Coloboma Associated Retinal Detachment in Infant

Choroidal coloblma, which is uncommon but not rare. occurs in areas in which both the neurosensory and the retinal pigment epithelium precursors fail to become confluent. Retinal detachment usually occurs due to breaks in the colobomatous area and has been noted in nearly 40% of the patients with choroidal ccloboma. Retinal detachment may be associated with a coloboma of the choroid soon after birth and can present a diagnostic dilemma. We experienced the choroidal coloboma associated with retinal detachment in an 18-day-old premature baby and a 40-day-old infant, one of which had multiple congenital anomalies. We present our two cases with a brief review of the literature related to choroidal coloboma.

Two Cases of Choroidal Coloboma Associated Retinal Detachment in Infant

Choroidal coloblma, which is uncommon but not rare. occurs in areas in which both the neurosensory and the retinal pigment epithelium precursors fail to become confluent. Retinal detachment usually occurs due to breaks in the colobomatous area and has been noted in nearly 40% of the patients with choroidal ccloboma. Retinal detachment may be associated with a coloboma of the choroid soon after birth and can present a diagnostic dilemma. We experienced the choroidal coloboma associated with retinal detachment in an 18-day-old premature baby and a 40-day-old infant, one of which had multiple congenital anomalies. We present our two cases with a brief review of the literature related to choroidal coloboma.

The Detection of the Cystoid Macular Edema after Cataract Extraction with Oral Fluorescein Angiography

Cystoid macular edema (CME) is a relatively common cause of temporary or permanent visual impairment after cataract extraction. Fluorescein angiography is indispensable to diagnose the CME. Intravenous fluorescein angiography is asscciated with a high incidene of minor adverse effects but a very low incidence of life-threatening serious reactions. There are no reports of oral fluorescein causing a senous reaction, and minor adverse effects are uncommon. We had Performed the oral fluorescein angiography in 30 consecutive cases (31 eyes) to detect the CME after cataract extraction. Two eyes (6.45%) had definite evidence of CME on the fluorograms. The typical angiogram of CME were obtained at 30 or 40 minutes after they had taken the fluorescein sodium. A dose of 20mg/Kg body weight produced good quality angiograms in 71% of the patients. There was no serious reaction but a mild pruritus was noted in one patient(3.3%). Therefore, we have concluded that the oral fluorescem agniography is very useful method because the oral fluorogram may avoid the adverse effect that could occur in intravenous fluorescein injection and be comparable in quality with those produced by intrvenous fluorescein.