ABSTRACT
To evaluate the role of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGF-R) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, immunohistochemical studies using monoclonal antibodies to the human EGF-R and TGF-alpha were performed on formalin fixed,paraffin-embedded tissue with the urothelium extracted from patients with TCC(59 cases) and non-TCC(13 cases). EGF-R was expressed in the outer, middle and basal layers of TCC and non-TCC urothelium. The staining intensity of EGF-R in the outer layer was not different between TCC and non-TCC urothelium. The strong staining intensity of EGF-R in the outer, middle and basal layers was noted in 5(14%), 4(11 %) and 5(14%) cases, respectively in the low grade TCC(35 cases of grade I and II ), however all the layers of 13(54%) cases of the high grade TCC(24 cases of grade III and IV) showed strong staining intensity. The strong staining intensity of EGF-R in the three layers of the superficial tumors(34 cases of Ta and T1) was noted in 6(18%), 5(15%) and 5(15%) cases, whereas 12(48%), 12(48%) and 13 (52% ) cases in the invasive tumors(25 cases of T2, T3, T4). TGF-alpha was expressed in 27(46%) cases of TCC and 11(85%) cases of non-TCC urothelium. TGF-alpha was expressed in 24(69%), 15 (43%) and 12(34% ) cases in the three layers of low grade TCC, respectively and only 3(12 %) cases in the high grade TCC. TGF-alpha expression in the outer, middle and basal layers of the superficial TCC was noted in 22(65 %), 14(41%) and 12(35%) cases, respectively, whereas that of the invasive TCC was 6 (20%), 4(16%) and 3(12%) cases, respectively. These results suggest that the distribution of EGF-R in the tumor cells are not an important factor. However, the binding capacity of EGF-R to EGF and TGF-alpha may be an important change in the carcinogenesis of the bladder TCC and the expression intensity of EGF-R and TGF-alpha in TCC cells may be an important factor to determine the biological behavior of the bladder TCC.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Carcinogenesis , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell , Epidermal Growth Factor , Formaldehyde , ErbB Receptors , Transforming Growth Factor alpha , Urinary Bladder , UrotheliumABSTRACT
Renal cell carcinoma is extremely uncommon in children. But this neoplasm should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hematuria and/or abdominal mass in children. We present a case of renal cell carcinoma in an 11-year-old girl which was confirmed pathologically.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Carcinoma, Renal Cell , Diagnosis, Differential , HematuriaABSTRACT
We experienced a case of transureteroureterostomy in a single kidney with multiple distal ureteral strictures. The patient had received nephrectomy due to staghorn calculi 14 years ago. We have utilized the abandoned ureter from the transureteroureterostomy with stenting. We have confirmed good drainage through the anastomosed ureter by radiological imaging. No other complications were observed except Pseudomonas urinary tract infection. Thereby we report this unique procedure of transureteroureterostomy using the 14-year-age abandoned ureter.
Subject(s)
Humans , Calculi , Constriction, Pathologic , Drainage , Kidney , Nephrectomy , Pseudomonas , Stents , Ureter , Urinary Tract InfectionsABSTRACT
Prune belly syndrome is a rare anomaly complex associated with absence of abdominal muscle combined with urinary tract abnormalities. We have encountered stillbirth female with severely distended abdomen without external genitalia end anus who was Finally confirmed as prune belly syndrome by an autopsy. Herein we report a case with review of literature.