Development of the Battery Test for Screening of Depression and Mental Health: PROtective and Vulnerable factors battEry Test (PROVE) / 신경정신의학

Objectives@#This study developed a battery test that allows a comprehensive evaluation of depressive symptoms and related protective-vulnerable factors to screen for depression and mental health and examined the reliability and validity of the test. @*Methods@#PROtective and Vulnerable factors battEry test (PROVE) consisting of five sub-sections was developed: depressive symptomatology (PROVE-DS), suicide risk (PROVE-SR), and three protective-vulnerable factors, which were adult attachment type (PROVE-ATT), adverse childhood experience (PROVE-ACE), and mentalization capacity (PROVE-MC). Two hundred and thirteen subjects completed the PROVE test and other comparative scales, and the analysis was carried out based on the data. @*Results@#The PROVE test showed good convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity as well as adequate internal consistency. In addition, five sub-sections of the PROVE test showed significant relevance to each other. @*Conclusion@#The results of this study indicate that the PROVE test is a reliable and valid test, which will be useful for the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of depression in various clinical settings.

Development of the Battery Test for Screening of Depression and Mental Health: PROtective and Vulnerable factors battEry Test (PROVE) / 신경정신의학

Objectives@#This study developed a battery test that allows a comprehensive evaluation of depressive symptoms and related protective-vulnerable factors to screen for depression and mental health and examined the reliability and validity of the test. @*Methods@#PROtective and Vulnerable factors battEry test (PROVE) consisting of five sub-sections was developed: depressive symptomatology (PROVE-DS), suicide risk (PROVE-SR), and three protective-vulnerable factors, which were adult attachment type (PROVE-ATT), adverse childhood experience (PROVE-ACE), and mentalization capacity (PROVE-MC). Two hundred and thirteen subjects completed the PROVE test and other comparative scales, and the analysis was carried out based on the data. @*Results@#The PROVE test showed good convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity as well as adequate internal consistency. In addition, five sub-sections of the PROVE test showed significant relevance to each other. @*Conclusion@#The results of this study indicate that the PROVE test is a reliable and valid test, which will be useful for the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of depression in various clinical settings.

Evaluation of the usefulness of the fetal femur length and humeral length to detect Down syndrome in Korean subjects / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the usefulness of shortening of the fetal femur length (FL) and humeral length (HL) to predict Down syndrome at the middle gestation of pregnancy in Korean subjects. METHODS: This retrospective study involved 41 fetuses with Down syndrome and 328 fetuses with normal chromosome between 14+0 and 28+6 weeks of gestation. The expected FL and HL for any biparietal diameter (BPD) was calculated based on the control group data. The odds ratios for measure to expected FL and HL in comparison between normal fetuses and Down syndrome fetuses were calculated. The sensitivities of short FL and HL to predict Down syndrome were analyzed at a fixed false positive rate of 5%. RESULTS: The lengths of femur and humerus long bone for any BPD in Down syndrome group were significantly shorter than the lengths in control group (P<0.001). A low ratio of measured to expected FL and HL increased the risk of fetal Down syndrome (P<0.001). At a fixed false positive rate of 5%, the sensitivities were 21.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.698~0.852, P<0.001) in FL and 29.9% (95% CI 0.773~0.914, P<0.001) in HL. CONCLUSION: Both of short FL and HL are poor marker for Down syndrome at the middle gestation of pregnancy in Korean population though the sensitivity of HL was higher than FL.

A Case of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Complicated by HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, and Low Platelets) Syndrome / 결핵및호흡기질환

A diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a distinct form of pulmonary hemorrhage that originates from the pulmonary microcirculation. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is one cause of DAH. Although HELLP syndrome associated with DIC can cause DAH, there are no published case reports that the authors are aware of. We report the case of a pregnant woman with HELLP syndrome who developed DAH. Because pregnant women with HELLP syndrome can develop DAH as a form of ARDS, a bronchoalveolar lavage may be used to make a differential diagnosis of this lung manifestation.

Factors associated with success of smoking cessation at smoking-cessation clinic

BACKGROUND: In spite of harmfulness of smoking, the rate of adult man's smoking is high in Korea and that of young people and women has risen recently. Although the number of hospitals operating smoking-cessation clinic has risen year by year, there is little research on smoking cessation. In this study, we tried to find the factors associated with successful smoking cessation and have attempted to contribute to developing effective smoking cessation strategy and help to continue cessation state. METHOD: Three hundred smokers, who had visited the Dankook Univ. Hospital from May 1999 to December 1999, were consulted. After doing a survey with a basic questionnaire and smoking cessation consultation, we asked them to revisit on the date of appointment with continued use of nicotine patch as much possible. Six months later, we selected 272 people and analyzed the factors of difference between the two groups ; one is the successful group and the other is the failure group. RESULT: The success group included 77 people (28.3%), and the failure group 195 people (71.7%). In view of demographic profiles such as age, sex, marital status, education, and job, there was no significant difference between the two groups. In view of smoking pattern and factors that can influence them such as age of starting to smoke, duration of smoking, motive of smoking, reason of failure to stop smoking, reason of trying to stop smoking, the presence of smoking family number, confidence in smoking cessation, dependence on nicotine and the number of alcohol drinking, there was no significant difference between the two groups. In the results of univariate analysis, daily mean smoking amount, the presence of smoking-associated disease, expiratory CO level at initial visit to hospital, period of using nicotine patch and total times of visiting clinic were significant difference between the two groups. Therefore, the total number of visits to the clinic was the only significant factor according to multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: The results of multivariate analysis has shown that the factor that is most associated with success of smoking cessation is the total number of visits to smoking-cessation clinic. This means that the more people who smoke consult with doctor and the longer the period of utilizing the smoking-cessation clinic is, the more successful they in smoking cessation.