Visual outcome of traumatic cataract in a tertiary care hospital, Tirupati.

Background: The incidence of ocular injuries in India is estimated to be 20.5% affecting mainly those aged less than 40 years and males. Cataract is the commonest complication after ocular injury resulting from either penetrating injuries from sharp objects like stick or thorn or with blunt trauma by objects like stone, cricket ball etc. The present study aims to find out the visual outcome of traumatic cataract cases. Material and methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 40 traumatic cataract cases attending outpatient units of SVRR Government General Hospital, Tirupati during July 2014 to June 2015. A predesigned interview schedule was used to collect the necessary information. All patients had undergone Posterior Chamber Intra Ocular Lens Implantation and visual outcome was assessed after 15 days, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. The results were analyzed using MS excel software and Epiinfo 7 version statistical software. Results: It was found that a large majority of the cases were aged less than 40 years (67.5%) and males (62.5%). The most common type of cataract developed was found to be ‘white soft’ type (47.5%). In 52.5% of patients, the time lag between injury and surgery was found to be 1 week to 1 month. It was found that 70% patients had regained vision (>6/18) after surgery. Conclusion: Posterior Capsular Intra Ocular Lens Implantation is highly effective in restoring vision in traumatic cataract cases. The time lag between injury and surgery should be as short as possible for complete recovery. There should be quick referral of traumatic cataract cases to the specialized ophthalmic care units depending on condition of patients.

Immunohistochemical study of the expression of human groEL-stress protein in human nervous tissue.

Monoclonal antibody (ML-30) directed against 65 kDa stress protein of mycobacteria, is shown to identify human cellular protein homologous with the groEL heat shock protein in many prokaryotes. Immunohistochemical survey of nervous tissue, both central and peripheral, from patients dying of various inflammatory, degenerative and neoplastic conditions and from experimental animals, using this antibody showed punctate granular staining of the cells to a variable degree. The astrocytes showed strong immunolabelling. The normal neurons and oligodendroglia stained variably, while abnormal neurons were darkly labelled. Ependymal cells showed apical granular positivity. The ubiquitinated inclusion bodies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease were not recognised by the ML-30 antibody. In diseased and stressed nervous tissue from experimental animals, the expression of the ML-30 recognisable stress protein was variable. The epitope recognised by ML-30 was found stable in postmortem tissues collected up to 36 h after death and processed for paraffin sectioning, after fixation in formalin for many years. Enhanced expression of the human groEL stress protein homologue in mammalian nervous tissue following various forms of stress may play a role in modulating the extent of tissue damage by autoimmune mechanism because of its high immunogenic nature and constitutive presence in the cells.

Eccrine acrospiroma of eye lid--a case report.

Tumours arising in the sweat glands of the eyelids are rare. A case of Eccrine Acrospiroma, otherwise, called clear cell hidradenoma, a benign sweat gland tumour of the lid in a female aged 70 years is being reported because of its rarity.

Antigenic analysis of Cysticercus cellulosae by crossed immunoelectrophoresis & its role in immune diagnosis of neurocysticercosis.

The antigenic composition of Cysticercus cellulosae cysts excised from infected pig and autopsied human brain was analysed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with an intermediate gel technique using rabbit hyperimmune serum. Normal pork muscle and human brain antigen were used to differentiate parasite derived components from that of host. Attempts were made to look for the rich source of parasitic immunodominant antigens by analysing preparations of different parts of cyst namely scolex and fluid using rabbit hyperimmune serum. Twenty three antigenic components were identified in sonicate extract of porcine cyst, of which 15 were parasite derived. On comparison with antigens of whole cyst sonicate, scolex showed 10, cyst fluid 9 and human cyst sonicate 11 parasite derived antigens. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neurocysticercotic patients reacted with 12 parasite derived antigens of porcine cyst sonicate (PCS) in a heterogenous manner. It was also noticed that human cyst sonicate (HCS) lacked 4 of the parasite derived antigens present in the PCS.