ABSTRACT
The objective of the study was to study the epidemiology, risk factors and sites of ectopic pregnancy in the Saudi women and correlate the data to international incidences. The retrospective descriptive study was conducted from May 2002 till April 2004 at Madina maternity and children hospital, Saudi Arabia. Seventy patients diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy, which constituted 2.32/1000 of 30,066 deliveries conducted during this period were included. Patients were divided into 6 categories based on age ranging from 15-40 years [5 groups] and more than 40 years [group 6]. Data were collected on predesigned proforma, including the relationship of ectopic pregnancy to age, parity, associated risk factors and the sites of ectopic pregnancy. The data were analyzed on SPSS version 14. Majority of the cases were between 20 to 34 years of age i.e., 60%. The parity was studied from nulliparous to Para 8 and mean parity was 4. Risk factors were classified into 3 categories: surgical, clinical and contraceptive. Most of the cases had two or more factors. The surgical factors were present in 41 cases; clinical factors were present in 44 cases while contraceptive use was present in 11 cases. The sites of ectopic having nearly an equal incidence in the right and left fallopian tubes were 61 [91%] cases. There were 3 ovarian, 2 Broad ligament and 1 abdominal secondary ectopic pregnancy. The frequency of ectopic pregnancy was nearly 0.23% in our study. Association with risk factors and demographic features is consonance with international literature
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the effect of type of anesthesia for cesarean section on postoperative cesarean section pain in Tawam Hospital. A retrospective study of 100 consecutive women undergoing cesarean section in Tawam hospital, Al Ain ,UAE from 1[st] January 2008 till 30[th] April 2008. A purpose built performa was used to collect the data including, type of cesarean section, types of anesthesia, intra operative additional analgesia and analgesia used at end of surgery.
Regional anesthesia which included spinal and epidural was given in 59 cases while 41 cases had general anesthesia. Analgesia requirement was reduced after regional anesthesia. 52% had a pain score of zero and only 2% had a pain score of six to ten. With general anesthesia 15% had a pain score of zero, 13% had a pain score from 1-5 and 9% had pain score from 6-10. Regional anesthesia was associated with less post operative pain in cesarean section. A clinical practice guideline is issued for detailed counseling of patients during their antenatal visits for regional anesthesia for cesarean section