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Cysticercosis is a Parasitic disease caused by the larval form of the pork tapeworm Taenia solium. This disease is a major health concern especially in developing world including India but its incidence is underestimated. Not too many cases of isolated intramuscular cysticercosis have been reported in pediatric population. Here we report a case of 4 years old female child presented with swelling over left lower chest over 3-4 months, diagnosed with intramuscular cysticercosis by ultrasonography.
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Aims: To compare operating time, early complication(s) and outcome of Gross & Ferguson and Mitchell-Banks repair techniques in children with congenital inguinal hernia. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized study including boys aged 1-12 years, was conducted over one year. The patients were allocated in two interventional groups based on the repair viz. Gross and Ferguson and Mitchell-Banks group. After hernia repair, the patients were followed up on the day of surgery and at one week for early complications. Results: Fifty patients were enrolled. Mean operating time in Mitchell-Banks technique was significantly more than Gross and Ferguson technique (p=0.00012). The incidence of fever in two groups was similar. Scrotal edema was statistically significant in MB group on both Post-Operative Day -1 and 7 (p=0.023 and p=0.034). No patient in either group had wound infection or scrotal hematoma on POD-1. One subject (2%) had scrotal hematoma in MB group on POD-7. A total of 12 subjects (24%) had Surgical Site Infection on POD-7. There was statistically higher incidence of SSI on Day-7 in GF group (32%) as compared to MB group (16%) (p=0.018). Conclusion: GF technique had lesser operating time, less incidence of scrotal edema and hematoma though higher rate of surgical site infections. In this respect, GF technique can be used as a simple and safe procedure.
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Background: Heart diseases in pregnant women and has higher incidence of maternal mortality and morbidity and is regarded as risk factor for unfavourable outcome of pregnancy both for the mother and the foetus. Heart disease in pregnancy was found to be second indirect cause contributing to maternal mortality in India.Methods: This study is a hospital based prospective analytical study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sultania Zanana Hospital, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal over a period of 1 year from 1st March 2017 to 28th February 2018. Patients were evaluated clinically by both obstetrician and cardiologist and followed all through their hospital stay till discharge.Results: Total 51 cases of heart disease were found during the study period. Incidence of heart disease in our study during study period was found 0.25%. Most patients were unbooked 33(64.71%) and maximum number of patients belonged to NYHA functional class II 24 (47.06%), RHD cases were 4 times more common than CHD. 24 (47.06%) patients had undergone surgical intervention for heart disease. Congestive cardiac failure was most common complication seen. Three maternal deaths were seen. All cases belonged to NYHA functional class III. All 3 cases were unbooked presented first time in labor.Conclusions: We found that pregnancy outcome was good in booked cases with regular checkup by obstetrician and cardiologist, surgically corrected cases and those with NYHA functional class I and II. Hence, joint management by obstetrician, cardiologist, and anesthetist is required to ensure better maternal outcome.
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Aims: To assess short and longer-term outcomes of ultrasound-guided glenohumeral corticosteroid injections for adhesive capsulitis. Study Design: A mixed prospective and retrospective study design Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, between June 2011 and July 2012. Methodology: Using medical records, we first retrospectively identified patients who had received ultrasound-guided injections of lidocaine and triamcinolone for adhesive capsulitis We then assessed short-term follow-up outcomes (within 3 months of procedure) using medical record review and phone interviews. Longer-term follow-up (at least 3 months from the procedure) outcomes were determined by mailings and phone calls. Average and worst shoulder pain scores were measured on a visual analog scale. Shoulder ROM was measured in forward flexion, isolated abduction, and external rotation. Results: Patients presented an average of 5.1 (SD=4.1) months after onset of symptoms. Within three months of the injection, 55.9% (95% CI: 39.2%, 72.6%) of patients reported greater than 75% pain relief and 44.1% (95% CI: 27.4%, 60.8%) of patients reported greater than 75% ROM improvement. The percentage of patients who improved increased with increased duration of follow-up. At short-term follow-up (mean=2.1 months, SD=2.7), average pain decreased from 5.6 (SD=2.2) to 3.0 (SD=1.8) (p ≤ .001) and worst pain decreased from 7.8 (SD=1.2) to 4.3 (SD=3.2) (p ≤ .001). At longer-term follow-up (mean =10.4 months, SD=3.7), average pain decreased to 1.9 (SD=1.9) (p ≤ .001) and worst pain decreased to 2.9 (SD=2.3) (p ≤ .001). Conclusion: A majority of patients had significant pain reduction and functional improvement after an ultrasound guided glenohumeral corticosteroid injection for adhesive capsulitis. Our patients experience the majority of their pain and functional relief within the first three months after an ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection with continued increase in relief in the longer-term.
ABSTRACT
Synergistic convergence is an ocular motor anomaly where on attempted abduction or on attempted horizontal gaze, both the eyes converge. It has been related to peripheral causes such as congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles (CFEOM), congenital cranial dysinnervation syndrome, ocular misinnervation or rarely central causes like horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis, brain stem dysplasia. We hereby report the occurrence of synergistic convergence in two sisters. Both of them also had kyphoscoliosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain and spine in both the patients showed signs of brain stem dysplasia (split pons sign) differing in degree (younger sister had more marked changes).