ABSTRACT
One of today's environmental crisis that industrial technology it produces. Lead is one of the most important environmental contaminants that prolonged contact with the production of free radicals. Study results show that air pollution is increases mortality due to cardiovascular disease. To study the effects of consumption turmeric extracts on prooxidant- antioxidant balance of rats' spleen and heart tissues exposed to lead acetate. Thirty-six male rats randomly were classified into four groups as: 1] Basic, 2] Sham [turmeric solvent], 3] Lead, 4] turmeric extract+lead, [each group includes 9 rats]. Turmeric supplements were injected three times per week and total of 8 weeks to 30 mg/kg body weight. Injection protocol lead and turmeric extract or solvent [ethyl first] three sessions a week and will run for 8 weeks, all injections were in peritoneally. After separation of spleen and heart tissues and homogenization, showed; injection of lead increases the index of lipid peroxidation in spleen and heart tissues. Also turmeric supplementation inhibits oxidative effects on the spleen and heart. Based on this research findings using a healthy style, and herbal supplements is effective in reducing the harmful effects anti-oxidation pollutants
ABSTRACT
Anaerobic treatment methods are more suitable for the treatment of concentrated wastewater streams, offer lower operating costs, the production of usable biogas product. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of an Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor [AFBR] - Aerobic Moving Bed Bio Reactor [MBBR] in series arrangement to treat Currant wastewater. The bed materials of AFBR were cylindrical particles made of PVC with a diameter of 2-2.3 mm, particle density of 1250 kg/m[3]. The volume of all bed materials was 1.7 liter which expanded to 2.46 liters in fluidized situation. In MBBR, support media was composed of 1.5 liters Bee-Cell 2000 having porosity of 87% and specific surface area of 650m[2]/ m[3]. When system operated at 35 [degree sign] C, chemical oxygen demand [COD] removal efficiencies were achieved to 98% and 81.6% for organic loading rates [OLR] of 9.4 and 24.2 g COD/ l.d, and hydraulic retention times [HRT] of 48 and 18 h, in average COD concentration feeding of 18.4 g/l, respectively. The contribution of AFBR in total COD removal efficiency at an organic loading rate [OLR] of 9.4 g COD/ l.d was 95%, and gradually decreased to 76.5% in OLR of 24.2 g COD/ l.d. Also with increasing in organic loading rate the contribution of aerobic reactor in removing COD gradually decreased. In this system, the anaerobic reactor played the most important role in the removal of COD, and the aerobic MBBR was actually needed to polish the anaerobic treated wastewater