audit of peripheral lymphadenopathy

To evaluate the causes of Peripheral Lymphadenopathy. A descriptive and cross sectional study conducted from July 2004 to June 2006. Department of Surgery and Pathology, Nawabshah Medical College and Hospital, Nawabshah. A total of 116 patients with Peripheral Lymphadenopathy. The patients were evaluated for outcome parameters in relation to age, sex. Site and specific cause of peripheral lymphadenopathy. A total of 116 patients including 64 [55.17%] females and 52[44.82%] males were evaluated for peripheral lymphadenopathy. Their ages ranged between nine months to 70 years with a mean age of 27.14 years; majority belonged to the age group 11 to 20 years. Forty seven [40.51%] patients had cervical lymph nodes enlargement, 42 [36.20%] mesenteric, 24 [20.86%] axillary and 3 [2.85%] inguinal nodes enlargement. Tuberculosis and malignancy were the main causes of lymphadenopathy with an incidence of 53.44% and 13.79% respectively. Nine [7.75%] cases had acute lymphadenitis and 27 [23.25%] reactive hyperplasia, while in tow [1.72%] cases no pathology was detected. Peripheral Lymphadenopathy without any obvious cause presents a diagnostic dilemma

Indications and complications of indwelling ureteral stenting at NMCH, Nawabshah

To analyze the pattern of clinical indications and complications of Indwelling Ureteral Stens. A prospective study from November 2002 to November 2005. Department of Urology, Nawabshah Medical College Hospital [NMCH], Nawabshah. All patients who underwent J. J. Stenting were included in the study. These patients were evaluated by taking a detailed history, performing comprehensive clinical examination and doing various investigations like blood urea, serum creatinine, renal ultrasound, X-ray KUB, IVU, and preliminary cystoscopy. Majority of stents were placed endoscopically under local/spinal anaesthesia and were removed easily under topical anaesthesia cystoscopically. Of the total 120 cases, 95 [79.2%] had upper urinary tract obstruction and nine [7.5%] upper tract urinary leakage, while eight [6.7%] patients required stenting during upper urinary tract sugery and another eight [6.7%] after upper tract endoscopic manipulation. In majority of cases stents were successful in providing free drainage. No mortality was seen during the use of stents, but certain minor and major complications were encountered in 95 [79.2%] cases. This study show that the decision of ureteral stenting must not be taken lightly, as it is not free of complications. Certain precautions and guidelines must be observed whenever they are deployed. It is important to remember that the ureteral stent is a double edged weapon and can behave as a friend or an enemy