ABSTRACT
@#Introduction:Plantar fasciitis is characterised by pain in the heel, which is aggravated on weight bearing after prolonged rest. Many modalities of treatment are commonly used in the management of plantar fasciitis including steroid injection. Many studies show that steroid injection provides pain relief in the short term but not long lasting. Recent reports show autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection promotes healing, resulting in better pain relief in the short as well as long term. The present study was undertaken to compare the effects of local injection of platelet-rich plasma and Corticosteroid in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis. Materials and methods:Patients with the clinical diagnosis of chronic plantar fasciitis (heel pain of more than six weeks) after failed conservative treatment and plantar fascia thickness more than 4mm were included in the study. Patients with previous surgery for plantar fasciitis, active bilateral plantar fasciitis, vascular insufficiency or neuropathy related to heel pain, hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus were excluded from the study. In this prospective double-blind study, 60 patients who fulfilled the criteria were divided randomly into two groups. Patients in Group A received PRP injection and those in Group B received steroid injection. Patients were assessed with visual analog scale (VAS) and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score. Assessment was done before injection, at six weeks, three months and six months follow-up after injection. Plantar fascia thickness was assessed before the intervention and six months after treatment using sonography. Results: Mean VAS in Group A decreased from 7.14 before injection to 1.41 after injection and in Group B decreased from 7.21 before injection to 1.93 after injection, at finalfollow-up. Mean AOFAS score in Group A improved from 54 to 90.03 and in Group B from 55.63 to 74.67 at six months’ follow-up. The improvements observed in VAS and AOFAS were statistically significant. At the end of six months’ follow-up, plantar fascia thickness had reduced in both groups (5.78mm to 3.35mm in Group A and 5.6 to 3.75 in Group B) and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Local injection of platelet-rich plasma is an effective treatment option for chronic plantar fasciitis when compared with steroid injection with long lasting beneficial effect.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To study the optic disc topographic measurements of normal Indian eyes using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty eyes selected randomly from 150 normal Indian subjects of both sex and various age groups underwent optic disc imaging with the OCT using the fast optic disc protocol. Results: Mean +/- standard deviation of the optic disc topographic measurements were: disc area 2.63 +/- 0.55 mm 2 , cup area 0.87 +/- 0.45 mm 2 , neuroretinal rim area 1.78 +/- 0.55 mm 2 and cup to disc area ratio 0.33 +/- 0.15. There was no significant difference in the measurements between males and females. There was no significant correlation with respect to age and refractive errors ranging from -5.0 to +3.0 diopters of spherical equivalent. Conclusion: Our study provides a normative database for the various optic disc topographic measurements and its variations with age, sex and refractive error in normal Indian eyes using OCT.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the anterior segment parameters in photopic and scotopic conditions using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS OCT) in Indian eyes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred eyes of 100 normal subjects of both sexes, aged 19 to 76 years, underwent anterior segment evaluation by AS OCT (Visante OCT). Central corneal thickness (CCT), central anterior chamber depth (ACD), pupil diameter (PD) and the temporal and nasal peripheral irido-corneal angles were assessed in photopic and scotopic conditions. These anterior segment parameters were stratified for age, sex and refractive error. RESULTS: Mean values of the parameters measured in photopic and scotopic conditions respectively were as follows: ACD (mm) 2.88 +/- 0.32, 2.89 +/- 0.32 (P = 0.10); nasal angle (degrees) 28.80 +/- 5.91, 22.28 +/- 7.50 (P < 0.001); temporal angle (degrees) 29.95 +/- 6.74, 22.82 +/- 8.43 (P < 0.001); pupil diameter (mm) 4.08 +/- 0.91, 4.68 +/- 0.92 (P < 0.001); CCT (microm) 519 +/- 33.88, 519 +/- 33.88. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the ACD in photopic and scotopic conditions. While the nasal and temporal angles showed a significant decrease, the pupil diameter showed a significant increase in scotopic conditions. Mean central ACD decreased with age and was shallower in females than in males. It was highest in myopes and lowest in hypermetropes. CCT was not influenced by photopic and scotopic conditions.