Role of fine needle aspiration cytology for neoplastic evaluation of nodular goitre

To see the accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology [FNAC] for neoplastic lesions in nodular goitre. A prospective comparative analytic study. The study was conducted in Pathology Department, Punjab Medical College Faisalabad in association with the Department of surgery, Allied Hospital Faisalabad from September 1[st], 2008 to May 31[st], 2010. With an informed and explained consent, the study was conducted on 117 patients of primary euthyroid nodular goitre who underwent thyroid surgery. Preoperative diagnosis in all the patients was established by fine needle aspiration cytology and thyroid function tests. After thyroid surgery, excised tissue was sent for histopathology to confirm the diagnosis. Cytological diagnosis was compared with histological diagnosis to see the accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology for neoplastic lesions. Among the 117 patients, FNAC showed neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in 27 and 90 patients respectively. While, histological diagnosis revealed neoplastic lesions in 24 patients and non-neoplastic lesions in 93 patients. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAC for neoplastic lesions in nodular goitre remained 79.17%, 91.4% and 88.89% respectively. Fine needle aspiration cytology plays a pivotal role in pre-operative differentiation between the neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of nodular goiter

Effects of cimetidine, ranitidine and tiotidine on spermatogenesis in albino rats

The effects of cimetidine, ranitidine and tiotidine were studied on spermatogenesis in adult male albino rats after administering these drugs at the dose levels of 5.71 mg/ kg, 2.14 mg/kg and 1.42 mg/kg body weight respectively twice daily for a period of five weeks. The results showed that cimetidine and tiotidine caused a significant decrease [P < 0.05] in the number of spermatocytes. However cimetidine and tiotidine produced a marked decrease [P < 0.05] and [P < 0.001] respectively, in the number of total germ cells in the seminiferous tubules. It is conceivable that ranitidine also possess antispermatogenic activity which was not found out in previous research work

profile of gynecological cancer: a clinicopathological analysis of 580 cases during 1986-1994 in Faisalabad

The gynecological cancers have variable world wide frequency. This is a prospective study of various types of gynecological cancers in Faisalabad which is 3rd biggest city of Pakistan. All the cases submitted to the department of Pathology of the medical college and Principal author's lab during the period of 1986-94 were analyzed. A total of 580 cases were documented out which ovarian cancer was the most frequent gynecological cancer [38%] followed by carcinoma cervix [33.2%], corpus uteri [18.9] and vulva/vagina [9.9%].The squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] was the most frequent vulval carcinoma however one case of Rhabdomyosarcoma was also observed. The SCC of the cervix was the frequent type with the mean age of 45.2 years and mostly presented in grade II. There were 73 cases of endometrial carcinoma with mean age of 40.6 years whereas Adenosquamous type and clear cell carcinoma had a mean age of 52 and 40.3 years respectively. The leiomyosarcoma was mainly of grade II. The ovarian malignancies constituted the most frequent type [38%] of gynecological cancers and serious adenocarcinoma was [40.7%] followed by mucinous [34.8%] and endometroid [16.8%]. Majority of the cases were in grade II and size varied from 4-28 cm. There were also 48 cases [21%] of stromal and germ cells tumors mostly granulosa cell, dysgerminoma and malignant teratoma. This study is an initial report of gynecological cancers in this part of Pakistan which is a developing country with alarmingly rising prevalence of carcinomas. Malignancies are now one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the population