ABSTRACT
In a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial one-hundred-sixty eight ASA I-II adults, undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned into 3 groups of 56 each. Group L received lidocaine 2% (40 mg), Group B-1 received butorphanol 1 mg. and Group B-2 received butorphanol 2 mg. One min after pretreatment patients received one-fourth of the total calculated dose of propofol (2.5 mg/kg) over 5 s. In the lignocaine group 28 (50.00%) patients had pain during propofol injection as compared with 11 (19.64%) and 9 (16.07%) in the butorphanol 1mg and butorphanol 2mg groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Intergroup comparison revealed that although the incidence of pain at propofol injection was more in lignocaine group, the severity was primarily mild and comparable among the three groups (P > 0.05). Butorphanol decreased the frequency (P < 0.05) of propofol pain when compared with lidocaine. However severity of pain on injection of propofol was comparable among both the groups given pretreatment with butorphanol. (P > 0.05). No difference in complications, such as pain, edema, wheal, or flare response, were observed at the injection site within the first 24 h after the operation. Duration of analgesia was higher in Group-B-2 compared to other two groups. (142.5±33.96 minutes in Group-B-2, 76.07±23.56 minutes in Group-B-1 and 80.35±21.48 minutes in Group -L). However this was also associated with higher number of patients in deep sedation at 30 minutes. Pretreatment with butorphanol 1 mg or 2mg are equally effective in relieving pain on injection of propofol & more effective than lignocaine.