ABSTRACT
Background: The variable course of the nerves may be the cause of many neuralgic pains of the superior extremity.The knowledge of percentage of variations may help the surgeons in treating the cases of trauma & entrapmentneuropathies.Materials and Methods: The present study in 70 upper limbs of 35 human cadavers over a period 1year at thedepartment of Anatomy at Siddhartha medical college and surrounding medical colleges around Vijayawada.The detailed examination of the following nerves that is musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, radial and axillarynerves was done in the arm and following variations were observed.Results: Communication between musculocutaneous and median nerves in eleven limbs. Musculocutaneousnerve was absent in our limbs. Median nerve supplied muscles of front of arm where musculocutaneous nervewas absent in one limb. Musculocutaneous nerve did not pierce coracobrachialis muscle in seven limbs. TheCommunication between radial and ulnar nerve in one limb.Conclusion: Lesions of communicating nerve may give rise to pattern of weakness that may impose difficulty indiagnosis. So it is important to be aware of the variations that are observed and discussed in our study. Knowledgeof these variations is important for neurologists, orthopaedicians and traumatologists as these may give rise tovariable clinical picture depending upon the variations present.
ABSTRACT
The accessory pancreatic duct is the smaller and less constant pancreatic duct in comparison with the mainpancreatic duct. We investigated the patency of the accessory pancreatic duct and its role in pancreaticpathophysiology. The present study was carried out in the department of Anatomy and forensic medicine, ACSRGovt. medical college, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India and in the department of Anatomy, RIMS, Ongole, AndhraPradesh, India. With 96 human cadavers (64 males and 32 females) with 30 to 80 years age group have beenstudied after obtained of ethical committee permission. The dissection method was followed to obtain specimenof pancreas along with C-loop of duodenum, papillae were identified ad dye was injected into APD to see itspatency at MIP. 93.75% specimens present MIP. The prevalence of patency of APD at MIP in population understudy was 38.89%; this is more in males was 43.33%, when compared to the females was 30% but this differencewas not significant statistically. It observed that out of 35 patent APD cases, 33 cases had inter papillarydistance either 2cm or more than 2cm. I t indicates 94.29% of patent APD cases had inter-papillary distancee”2cm. So there is strong relationship between APD patency and inter papillary distance in population understudy. The means inter-papillary distance in patent APD cases was 2.29 ± 0.2cm and non-patent APD cases was1.85 ± 0.25 cm. This difference was statistically significant.