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Background@#Cytoreductive surgery was developed as a treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis. However, this surgery is associated with important complications. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between lactacidemia and the rate of associated complications during the immediate postoperative period in the intensive care unit (ICU) in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery. @*Methods@#This was a retrospective observational study. A total of 57 patients underwent cytoreductive surgery. All patients were admitted to the ICU immediately after the surgery. Data on lactic acid levels at the time of admission and discharge from the ICU were collected. Postsurgical complications that occurred during the ICU stay were recorded according to failure-to-rescue analysis and their severity stratified according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. @*Results@#The lactic acid levels at admission to the ICU were significantly higher in patients who developed complications, with an almost tripled unadjusted relative risk (2.9, 95% CI: 1.6, 5.3), than in those who did not develop complications for the lactacidemia threshold established in the cumulative sum curve graphs. After adjustment for confounding effects, the relative risk became even higher (3.1, 95% CI: 1.8, 3.6). Lactic acid levels were still significantly higher in this group at the time of discharge from the ICU. @*Conclusions@#Serum lactate level is a risk factor for postoperative complications in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal carcinomatosis. This study suggests that the risk of developing severe complications almost triples with a lactic acid level of 2.5 mmol/L or higher at the time of admission in the ICU.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#The prognostic impact of surgical paraaortic staging remains unclear in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). The objective of our study was to evaluate the results of the surgical technique of preoperative aortic lymphadenectomy in LACC related to tumor burden and disease spread to assess its influence on survival. @*Methods@#Data of 1,072 patients with cervical cancer were taken from 11 Spanish hospitals (Spain-Gynecologic Oncology Group [GOG] working group). Complete aortic lymphadenectomy surgery (CALS) was considered when the lymph nodes (LNs) were excised up to the left renal vein. The extent of the disease was performed evaluating the LNs by calculating the geometric means and quantifying the log odds between positive LNs and negative LNs. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival distribution. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to account for the influence of multiple variables. @*Results@#A total of 394 patients were included. Pathological analysis revealed positive aortic LNs in 119 patients (30%). LODDS cut-off value of −2 was established as a prognostic indicator. CALS and LODDS <−2 were associated with better disease free survival and overall survival than suboptimal aortic lymphadenectomy surgery and LODDS ≥−2. In a multivariate model analysis, CALS is revealed as an independent prognostic factor in LACC. @*Conclusion@#When performing preoperative surgical staging in LACC, it is not advisable to take simple samples from the regional nodes. Radical dissection of the aortic and pelvic regions offers a more reliable staging of the LNs and has a favorable influence on survival.
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RESUMEN Introducción: El tratamiento del carcinoma papilar de tiroides (CPT) implica la tiroidectomía total (TT) con disección cervical radical modificada en caso de evidenciarse adenopatías. Existen diversas complicaciones vasculares y neurológicas asociadas a este proceso, en este caso vamos a describir la trombosis carotídea como una rara lesión secundaria en el postoperatorio (0,1%). Material y métodos: Caso clínico diagnosticado y tratado en nuestro centro. Caso clínico: Mujer de 55 años diagnosticada de CPT e intervenida realizando TT y disección yugular modificada. Durante el postoperatorio inició con clínica de tos irritativa y disfagia, por lo que se le realizó una tomografía computarizada (TC) cervical en el que se apreciaba trombosis de la arteria carótida común izquierda con repermeabilización distal. En la resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) cerebral no se encontraron alteraciones. Se inició tratamiento anticoagulante y posteriormente antiagregante. La lesión no progresó consiguiendo una evolución favorable. Conclusiones: La trombosis carotídea se trata de una complicación extremadamente rara de la disección cervical. Debe sospecharse para llevar a cabo un diagnóstico temprano e iniciar el tratamiento lo antes posible, para evitar así la progresión de la enfermedad con secuelas que podrían ser irreversibles.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) involves total thyroidectomy (TT) with modified radical cervical dissection in case of evidence of lymphadenopathy. There are several vascular and neurological complications associated with this process, in this case we will describe carotid thrombosis as a rare secondary lesion in the postoperative period (0.1%). Material and methods: Clinical case diagnosed and treated in our center. Case report: A 55-year-old woman diagnosed with PTC and operated on with TT and modified jugular dissection. During the postoperative period, he started with a clinic of irritative cough and dysphagia. A cervical computed tomography (CT) scan showed thrombosis of the left common carotid artery with distal repermeabilization. In cerebral nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) no alterations were found. Anticoagulant treatment and antiplatelet therapy were started. The lesion did not progress, achieving a favorable evolution. Conclusions: The carotid thrombosis is an extremely rare complication of cervical dissection. It should be suspected to carry out an early diagnosis and start the treatment as soon as possible, thus preventing the progression of the disease with sequelae that could be irreversible.