ABSTRACT
In a pilot study, 463 leprosy patients (374 males and 89 females) were investigated for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies by screening tests. Sera positive by the screening tests were subjected to confirmatory tests. Three cases were confirmed to be positive for HIV, two for HIV-1 and one for HIV-2. All the three positive cases were young males, who had visited commercial sex workers. No correlation was found between the type of leprosy and HIV infection. This is the first report of HIV infection amongst leprosy patients from South India.
Subject(s)
Adult , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Seropositivity , HIV-1 , HIV-2 , Humans , India , Leprosy/complications , Male , Mass Screening , Pilot ProjectsABSTRACT
Sixty eight of 330 strains of Salmonella belonging to three different serotypes, S. typhi, S. typhimurium and S. bareilly, referred to at the National Salmonella and Escherichia Centre, Central Research Institute, Kasauli, between 1989-1991 were found to be copper resistant. Maximum number of strains (39.1%) were resistant in S. bareilly serotype, followed by S. typhimurium (21.7%) and least in S. typhi (17.4%). Of the 15 States/Union Territories (UTs) from where Salmonella strains were received, copper resistance was observed in strains from 10 States/UTs. This resistance was maximum among the strains from Goa (85.7%).
Subject(s)
Copper/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Microbial , India , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , R Factors , Salmonella/drug effectsABSTRACT
Out of 3001 salmonella received during 1984-85, 2985 strains were tested for antibiotic resistance and R-pattern transfer. Multidrug resistance was observed in 73% of diarrhoeal and 43% of non-diarrhoeal isolates. Antibiotic resistance markers were transferable in 46.6% of diarrhoeal and 41.1% of non-diarrhoeal isolates. Two out of 4 salmonella sero-types isolated for the first time in India during this period were multidrug resistant.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Developing Countries , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Humans , Salmonella/drug effects , Salmonella Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
Seventy-five strains of Escherichia coli from cases of infantile and childhood diarrhea were serogrouped and analysed in terms of hydrophobicity, mannose resistant haemagglutination and enterotoxigenicity. The strains were distributed over 21 serogroups of which 54.6% were hydrophobic, 37.3% were haemagglutinating and 66.5% were enterotoxigenic. EPEC strains were less than ETEC strains. LT producers were more than LTST or ST producers. MRHA activity was found to be well correlated with hydrophobicity.