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Background@#Eosinophilic cellulitis, also known as Wells’ syndrome, is an uncommon skin disease characterized by recurrent pruritic polymorphous plaques or nodules. There is limited knowledge in the Korean literature regarding the clinical characteristics and course of eosinophilic cellulitis. @*Objective@#To investigate the clinical and histological features of eosinophilic cellulitis in Korean patients. @*Methods@#In this case series study, we retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with eosinophilic cellulitis at our institutions from 2004 to 2022. We also analyzed the literature published in dermatology and internal medicine journals in Korea. @*Results@#A total of 17 patients were included in this study (age, 39.4±21.8 years; 12 male [70.6%]), with an average disease duration of 4.4 months. We identified six clinical variants, with the typical plaque type being the most common (33.3%), followed by the papulonodular type (22.2%). Eosinophilia was observed in 78.6% of patients, and a flame figure, which is a typical histopathological feature of eosinophilic cellulitis, was observed in 52.9% of patients. Systemic and topical steroids and antihistamines were used as first-line treatment with generally favorable results (82.4%), followed by antibiotics (35.3%), cyclosporine (23.5%), and topical calcineurin inhibitors (23.5%).The recurrence rate during the mean follow-up period of 21.8 months was 29.4%. @*Conclusion@#Eosinophilic cellulitis can present with various clinical manifestations, and flame figures do not appear in all cases; therefore, clinical and histological correlations are critical for accurate diagnosis of patients with eosinophilic cellulitis.
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Background@#Glomus tumors are benign vascular tumors derived from the glomus body, a neuromuscular vascular tissue responsible for regulating the temperature and blood flow of the skin. Ultrasonography (USG) is a useful tool for diagnosing glomus tumors; nevertheless, data on Korean patients with glomus tumors are limited. @*Objective@#This study aimed to describe USG findings of subungual glomus tumors in Korean patients. @*Methods@#We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and USG readings of 20 cases of glomus tumors in the nail apparatus diagnosed from January 2015 to December 2021. @*Results@#Twenty patients were included in this study. Four patients (20.0%) were male and 16 (80.0%) were female. The age of onset ranged from 18∼86 years, with a mean of 45.2 years. USG findings showed hypoechoic echogenicity in all cases. Tumor size ranged from 2.3∼10 mm (mean±standard deviation, 5.5±1.9 mm). The tumor shape observed on USG was oval in 16 cases (80.0%), lobulated in three cases (15.0%), and round in one case (5.0%). Tumor boundaries were well-defined in 18 cases (90.0%) and ill-defined in two cases. Posterior acoustic enhancement and cortical erosion were observed in 19 (95.0%) and 17 cases (85.0%), respectively. Increased vascularity was observed in 19 cases (95.0%). @*Conclusion@#This study revealed characteristic USG features of glomus tumors. USG is a helpful tool for the diagnosis and management of glomus tumors.
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Background@#Disseminating public knowledge on malignant melanoma through YouTube is an important way to bridge the gap between physicians and patients. However, videos recorded on this topic in Korea are yet to be evaluated. @*Objective@#We aimed to evaluate the quality of YouTube videos on malignant melanoma recorded in Korea. We also investigated whether there was a difference in the quality of videos made by medical professionals (subdivided into dermatologists and non-dermatologists) and non-medical personnel. @*Methods@#We included all videos recorded in Korean by searching YouTube using the keywords “melanoma” or “malignant melanoma”. The search was performed on March 22, 2021. The inclusion criterion was videos in Korean language that contained medical information about malignant melanoma. The characteristics and content information were collected for each video. Video quality (DISCERN, Global Quality Scale [GQS], Journal of the American Medical Association [JAMA] benchmark criteria) was analyzed. @*Results@#Eighty-five videos met the inclusion criterion for the analysis. Fifty-six (66%) and 29 videos (34%) were made by medical and non-medical personnel, respectively. The videos made by medical professionals significantly contained more of the following information than those made by non-medical personnel: clinical information (p＜ 0.001), symptoms and signs (p=0.001), risk factors (p＜0.05), diagnosis (p＜0.001). Videos made by medical professionals, videos with a length of more than 5 minutes, or videos with more than 10,000 views had significantly higher quality scores (DISCERN, GQS, JAMA). @*Conclusion@#Considering that YouTube is being used as a portal for medical information, the participation of medical professionals is essential for providing more accurate information.
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Subject(s)
Diagnosis , Epidermal Cyst , Lipoma , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Nerve Sheath Neoplasms , Neurilemmoma , Scalp , Skin Neoplasms , Vascular MalformationsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Patients treated with anticancer agents often experience a variety of treatment-related skin problems, which can impair their quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and clinical information were evaluated in patients under active anticancer treatment using a questionnaire survey and their medical records review. RESULTS: Of 375 evaluated subjects with anticancer therapy, 136 (36.27%) and 114 (30.40%) were treated for breast cancer and colorectal cancer, respectively. We found that women, breast cancer, targeted agent use, and longer duration of anticancer therapy were associated with higher dermatology-specific quality of life distraction. In addition, itching, dry skin, easy bruising, pigmentation, papulopustules on face, periungual inflammation, nail changes, and palmoplantar lesions were associated with significantly higher DLQI scores. Periungual inflammation and palmoplantar lesions scored the highest DLQI. CONCLUSION: We believe our findings can be helpful to clinicians in counseling and managing the patients undergoing anticancer therapy.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Breast Neoplasms , Colorectal Neoplasms , Counseling , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dermatology , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Inflammation , Medical Records , Pigmentation , Pruritus , Quality of Life , SkinABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Nail Diseases , Nails, Malformed , Melanoma , Skin NeoplasmsABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Granuloma Annulare , GranulomaABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#The prevalence of onychomycosis is increasing due to the recent increase of the elderly population and immunosuppressed individuals. Clinical studies on onychomycosis have been reported several times in Korea. However, the public awareness of onychomycosis has not received considerable attention, and there have been no Korean studies focused on it.@*OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate public awareness and experience of onychomycosis in Korean.@*METHODS@#A total of 621 participants were given questions developed for this survey. Sociodemographic characteristics, public awareness, general knowledge and experience about onychomycosis, and diagnostic and treatment behavior were surveyed.@*RESULTS@#According to this survey, 99.5% of respondents have heard of onychomycosis, 79.4% of respondents experienced onychomycosis suspicious symptoms, and 52.8% of them responded that onychomycosis can be completely cured only by cleansing the hands and feet. The rate of self-diagnosis was 64.1% among the respondents who experienced symptoms. Only 23.9% of the respondents who were diagnosed with onychomycosis visited the hospital for the first time. Of the respondents, 54.6% who were treated at the hospital discontinued their treatments before complete cure mainly because of long treatment period.@*CONCLUSION@#Participants were well aware of onychomycosis, but the rate of self-diagnosis was high. They generally agreed to the importance of hospital treatment, but the number of patients visiting hospital was low. Moreover, people frequently discontinue their hospital treatment despite insufficient treatment duration. Patient's behaviors need to be changed, and the roles of dermatologists are important in the diagnosis, treatment, and education of the patients.
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BACKGROUND@#There have been several therapeutic guidelines for onychomycosis in different countries and advances in its diagnosis and treatment. Optimal treatment decision-making is affected by healthcare systems and cultural backgrounds of countries.@*OBJECTIVE@#The executive committee for onychomycosis guideline of the Korean Society for Medical Mycology aims to provide up-to-date practical guidelines for onychomycosis management in Koreans.@*METHODS@#The committee thoroughly reviewed relevant literature and previous guidelines. The structured algorithmic guideline was developed by experts' consensus.@*RESULTS@#The optimal treatments can be selected alone or in combination based on the nail and patient variables. Three major classes of treatment are available: standard (topical or oral antifungals), additional (nail removal), and alternative treatments (laser). Both topical and oral antifungals alone are appropriate for mild onychomycosis, while oral antifungals are primarily recommended for moderate-to-severe cases if not contraindicated. Combined topical and oral antifungals are recommended to increase the efficacy in moderate-to-severe cases. Additional infected nail removal is also considered for moderate-to-severe onychomycosis, which is unresponsive to standard medical treatment alone. Laser therapy can be an alternative without significant side effects when standard medical treatments cannot be applied regardless of onychomycosis severity. After treatment course completion, periodic therapeutic response monitoring and onychomycosis preventive measures should be rendered to reduce recurrence.@*CONCLUSION@#The Korean consensus guideline provides evidence-based recommendations to promote good outcomes of onychomycosis. The proposed algorithm is simple and easy to comprehend, allowing clinicians to facilitate optimal treatment decision-making for onychomycosis in clinical practice.
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BACKGROUND@#Superficial dermatomycoses are fungal infections of the skin, hair, or nails and are most commonly caused by dermatophytes. Superficial dermatomycoses are very common diseases in the field of dermatology; however, their prevalence and clinical characteristics vary with geographical areas and populations. Moreover, pathogenic species change constantly over time.@*OBJECTIVE@#This multicenter study aimed to investigate the epidemiologic and clinical findings of tinea corporis, tinea faciale, and tinea capitis in Korea during 2016-2017. In addition, we sought to identify the pathogenic organism causing these three different types of fungal infections.@*METHODS@#Total 453 patients from the dermatology clinics of 13 tertiary hospitals in Korea were enrolled in this study. Information regarding demographic characteristics, comorbidities, occupation, family history of superficial dermatomycoses, suspected routes of infection, and treatment was collected. Fungal cultures and molecular analyses were performed for patients with tinea corporis, tinea faciale, and tinea capitis.@*RESULTS@#Of the 453 patients, 275 were men and 178 were women. With respect to past history, 214 patients (53.4%) had at least one comorbidity. Tinea corporis (27.3%) was the most common form of superficial dermatomycosis, followed by tinea pedis (23.2%) and tinea unguium (16.6%). Overall, the fungal culture positivity was 77.8% (126/162). Trichophyton rubrum was the most common causative organism for tinea corporis (66.7%, 68/80) and tinea faciale (43.8%, 14/23), while Microsporum canis was the most common causative organism for tinea capitis (36.7%, 11/23).@*CONCLUSION@#Trichophyton rubrum was consistently the most common causative organism of superficial dermatomycoses, except for tinea capitis in Korea.
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is one of the most common causes of respiratory tract infections in pediatric and adult populations worldwide. M. pneumoniae is also associated with extrapulmonary complications, such as mucocutaneous eruptions. In dermatologic disorders, M. pneumoniae infection is known to be associated with erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome in children and young adults. Recently, several cases with M. pneumoniae-associated mucositis, which lacks typical target lesions, have been reported. The term Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis was suggested as a revised version of the term, Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated mucocutaneous disease, which previously included erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnsons syndrome. This revision helps to distinguish Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis, which has a distinct morphology, mild disease course, and potentially important clinical implications regarding treatment. Herein, we report a patient with Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Humans , Young Adult , Erythema Multiforme , Exanthema , Mucositis , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Mycoplasma , Pneumonia , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma , Respiratory Tract Infections , Stevens-Johnson SyndromeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The incidence and mortality rates associated with cutaneous melanoma (CM) have steadily increased over the last 20 years. Even with successful treatment, melanoma patients usually experience substantial anxiety regarding the development of terrible recurrence. To date, few studies have investigated various dermatoses what the patients with CM had anxiety for the recurrence during postoperative surveillance (Dw). OBJECTIVE: To describe various Dw and to evaluate the risk of subsequent malignant skin disease in patients with CM. METHODS: We performed a prospective study between August 2002 and August 2015. RESULTS: Fifty-six patients presented with a total of 68 Dw. Among them, melanocytic nevus was the most common (n=27), followed by seborrheic keratosis (n=9) and CM recurrence (n=7). Approximately 5.6% of the lesions were diagnosed as malignant skin diseases. This was a single-center study, so the prevalence of malignant skin diseases following primary melanoma may not represent that of all patients with CM. CONCLUSION: The results of this study can be referred by dermatologists dealing with melanoma especially when CM patients have too excessive or unrealistic anxiety for melanoma recurrence during postoperative surveillance of CM. However, the importance of postoperative surveillance must still be emphasized because of real risk of melanoma recurrence and other malignant skin.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anxiety , Incidence , Keratosis, Seborrheic , Melanoma , Mortality , Nevus, Pigmented , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Recurrence , Skin , Skin DiseasesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with house dust mites (HDM) preparation has recently been proven to be beneficial for treating allergic rhinitis and asthma. However, there has been no report regarding the efficacy and safety of SLIT in Korean patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). OBJECTIVE: We intended to investigate the efficacy and safety of SLIT in Korean patients with AD. METHODS: A total of 34 patients with AD and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-proven HDM sensitization (Class ≥3) were recruited. Eczema area and severity index (EASI) score, total serum IgE level, specific IgE assays to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, and adverse effects were recorded during follow-up. "Responder" was defined as a patient with ≥30% improvement in EASI score after SLIT. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients continued SLIT for 12 months or more, whereas 3 patients (8.8%) dropped out because of exacerbation of dermatitis, and 8 patients (23.5%) were lost to follow-up. The average duration of SLIT treatment was 22.4 months (range, 12~32 months). EASI scores reduced significantly after 6 months of treatment (p<0.05) compared with those at baseline. A total of 18 patients were determined to be responders to SLIT after 6 months. Total and specific IgE serum levels did not significantly reduce after SLIT. No patients experienced serious adverse events, with the exception of two patients who developed transient lip and tongue swelling. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that SLIT with HDM extracts is effective and tolerable in Korean patients with AD. Further controlled long-term trials are required to reinforce the current results.
Subject(s)
Humans , Asthma , Dermatitis , Dermatitis, Atopic , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus , Eczema , Follow-Up Studies , Immunoglobulin E , Immunoglobulins , Lip , Lost to Follow-Up , Pyroglyphidae , Rhinitis, Allergic , Sublingual Immunotherapy , TongueABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A variety of infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic dermatoses can develop on the glans penis, and definitive diagnosis in such cases may be difficult owing to their non-specific symptoms and clinical appearance. Furthermore, data on dermatoses of the glans penis in Korea are limited. OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of dermatoses of the glans penis in Korea and provide clinical data to assist in making an accurate diagnosis. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, clinical photographs, and histologic slides of 65 patients with dermatoses of the glans penis that visited the Pusan National University Hospital between January 2004 and August 2013. RESULTS: Twenty-six types of dermatoses were identified: inflammatory dermatosis was the most common (38/65, 58.5%), followed by infectious (13/65, 20.0%), neoplastic (10/65, 15.4%), and other dermatoses (4/65, 6.2%). The most common dermatosis of the glans penis was seborrheic dermatitis, followed by lichen planus, herpes progenitalis, condyloma accuminatum, erythroplasia of Queyrat, Zoon's balanitis, and psoriasis. In the topographic analysis, the most common type of dermatosis was dermatoses that localized to the glans penis (39/65, 60.0%), followed by dermatoses involving the extra-genitalia and glans penis (22/65, 33.9%), and the genitalia (glans penis plus other genital areas) (4/65, 6.2%). CONCLUSION: This study shows the usefulness of a topographic approach in the diagnosis of dermatoses of the glans penis in Korea. The findings could be used as baseline data for establishing an accurate diagnosis in Koreans.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Balanitis , Dermatitis, Seborrheic , Diagnosis , Erythroplasia , Genitalia , Korea , Lichen Planus , Medical Records , Penis , Prevalence , Psoriasis , Retrospective Studies , Skin DiseasesABSTRACT
Leuprolide acetate is an established luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist used as a first-line treatment in advanced prostate cancer. An 80-year-old man presented with a localized erythematous patch with an indurated plaque and nodule and pustules on the left upper arm. The patient had been treated for metastatic prostate cancer with subcutaneous injections of leuprolide acetate 18 months previously. Histopathologic findings revealed granulomas with multinucleated giant cells from the dermis to the subcutaneous fat layer. The granuloma contained numerous round vacuoles. Cultures from the tissue for bacteria, fungi, and mycobacteria were all negative. The diagnosis of leuprolide acetate-induced foreign body granuloma was made by clinicopathologic findings. Various theories on the mechanism of local reactions to leuprolide have been suggested. The formation of granulomas may be related to the poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymers or leuprolide itself. The depth of injection could have also contributed; therefore, intramuscular injection is recommended to minimize granuloma formation. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no reported case of leuprolide-induced foreign body granuloma in a patient with prostate cancer in the Korean literature. Dermatologists need to know that leuprolide acetate depot injection may cause a granulomatous reaction.
Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Arm , Bacteria , Dermis , Diagnosis , Foreign Bodies , Fungi , Giant Cells , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone , Granuloma , Granuloma, Foreign-Body , Injections, Intramuscular , Injections, Subcutaneous , Leuprolide , Polymers , Prostate , Prostatic Neoplasms , Subcutaneous Fat , VacuolesABSTRACT
Leuprolide acetate is an established luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist used as a first-line treatment in advanced prostate cancer. An 80-year-old man presented with a localized erythematous patch with an indurated plaque and nodule and pustules on the left upper arm. The patient had been treated for metastatic prostate cancer with subcutaneous injections of leuprolide acetate 18 months previously. Histopathologic findings revealed granulomas with multinucleated giant cells from the dermis to the subcutaneous fat layer. The granuloma contained numerous round vacuoles. Cultures from the tissue for bacteria, fungi, and mycobacteria were all negative. The diagnosis of leuprolide acetate-induced foreign body granuloma was made by clinicopathologic findings. Various theories on the mechanism of local reactions to leuprolide have been suggested. The formation of granulomas may be related to the poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymers or leuprolide itself. The depth of injection could have also contributed; therefore, intramuscular injection is recommended to minimize granuloma formation. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no reported case of leuprolide-induced foreign body granuloma in a patient with prostate cancer in the Korean literature. Dermatologists need to know that leuprolide acetate depot injection may cause a granulomatous reaction.