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1.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-201615

ABSTRACT

Background: The objective of the study was to know the maternal clinical profile and short term outcome of term large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates.Methods: The study was a prospective observational study conducted in the tertiary neonatal unit, Odisha, during the study period February to November 2018. All inborn term neonates with birth weight above 90th percentile for gestational age excluding neonates with major congenital anomalies were included. Maternal clinical profile data from the antenatal records, neonatal demographic profile and co-morbidities over time were recorded using a checklist. The analysis of data was done using SPSS 21.0. Univariate summary statistics and bivariate Fischer’s exact test were used to analyse the data.Results: The prevalence of delivery of LGA and macrosomic neonate in our institution was 2.5%, and 1.1% respectively. Ninety one percent of LGA neonates were born before 39weeks and 80% babies delivered by cesarean section. Majority 39 (86.7%) of LGA babies were born to non-diabetic mother, four (8.9%) neonates born to GDM mother, two (4.4%) were born to mother with pre pregnancy diabetes mellitus. Sixteen (35.5%) neonates were admitted to NICU for different comorbidities like neonatal jaundice (37.8%), polycythemia (24.4%), transient tachypnea of new-born (20%), hypoglycemia (15.6%), hypocalcaemia (15.6%), and seizure (4.4%). The comorbidities like hypoglycaemia, hypocalcemia, respiratory distress were more in LGA babies with diabetic mother compared to non-diabetic mother.Conclusions: About nine in ten LGA neonates were born to non-diabetic mothers, however, LGA infants of diabetic mothers are at higher risk of metabolic complications like hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia compared to non-diabetic mother

2.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-211123

ABSTRACT

Background: Tuberculosis is continued to be a major killer of mankind. Childhood tuberculosis contributes to high mortality due to diagnostic difficulty. Different social factors are responsible for its causation. The objective of the study was to assess the socio clinical factors prevalent among paediatric TB cases admitted to MKCG Medical College.Methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out in the indoor paediatric ward of MKCG medical college. Duration of the study was from August 2016 to July 2017. Study participants were all admitted paediatric cases of age group less than 14 years. Data collected through scientifically designed pretested questionnaires.Results: Total 103 patients were admitted during study period of whom, 54% were male. Their median age was 8 years. They were mostly Hindu by religion (98%) and from lower socioeconomic classes (77%). Majority (60%) were from nuclear family (59%) and families of BPL card holder. Most of their parents had low educational status. Physical overcrowding, inadequate ventilation in the house and smoking were main epidemiological factors observed.Conclusions: It was concluded from the above study group, socioeconomic and environmental risk factors were widely prevalent among them. So, control of these factors are the priority issues to be addressed and improvement of these conditions are recommended for effectiveness of the curative measures.

3.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-203888

ABSTRACT

Background: The objective is to study the various social and demographic determinants of severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6 months to 59 months in a tertiary care centre of Odisha, India.Methods: This is a hospital based prospective observational study done in a tertiary care centre of Odisha during the period of Nov 2015 to Oct 2017 in which all children with severe acute malnutrition as per WHO criteria in the age group 6 months to 59 months were enrolled and their socioeconomic and demographic details were evaluated.Results: Present study revealed a prevalence of severe acute malnutrition as 2.8%. Males (54.2%) were more affected than females (45.8%). Most common age group affected was 6-12 months (37.4%). Most of the children were from low socioeconomic status (96.4%) and from rural areas (84.8%).63.7% of the study population were unimmunised. Only 12.6% of the participants were exclusively' breast fed.100% of the children in the study population received top feeding with cow's milk.Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition is high in Odisha but most of the causative factors are preventable. Adequate education regarding exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, immunisation, promotion of proper referral and health care services can help to improve nutritional status in the state of Odisha.

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