ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The daily activities and performance of the working population can be threatened by sleep disturbances, including insomnia. This study evaluated the sleep patterns, sleep problems, daytime sleepiness, and lost productivity time (LPT) resulting from sleep quality and sleep duration issues among workers. METHODS: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ) were completed by 653 workers in an urban area. Statistical analyses were performed using independent t-tests. RESULTS: The average sleep duration among the subjects was 6 h 37 min. While 19.6% of the subjects complained of poor sleep quality, 53.4% were affected during the day by insomnia. The estimated annual cost of LPT due to presenteeism (Won13,892,545 vs. Won11,840,140 ; p=0.033) and the total annual cost of LPT (Won14,040,968 vs. Won11,961,302 ; p=0.032) were higher in poor sleepers than in good sleepers. Furthermore, workers with a shorter sleep duration had a higher annual LPT due to presenteeism (747.83 vs. 648.57 h ; p=0.046) and a higher total annual LPT (754.48 vs. 657.99 h ; p=0.049) than workers with a longer sleep duration. CONCLUSION: Sleep deprivation among workers caused 1 h 51 min LPT per week. This suggests that sleep disturbance affects workers' performance in an organization, as well as in terms of individual health.
Subject(s)
Efficiency , Korea , Occupational Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sleep Deprivation , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The daily activities and performance of the working population can be threatened by sleep disturbances, including insomnia. This study evaluated the sleep patterns, sleep problems, daytime sleepiness, and lost productivity time (LPT) resulting from sleep quality and sleep duration issues among workers. METHODS: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ) were completed by 653 workers in an urban area. Statistical analyses were performed using independent t-tests. RESULTS: The average sleep duration among the subjects was 6 h 37 min. While 19.6% of the subjects complained of poor sleep quality, 53.4% were affected during the day by insomnia. The estimated annual cost of LPT due to presenteeism (Won13,892,545 vs. Won11,840,140 ; p=0.033) and the total annual cost of LPT (Won14,040,968 vs. Won11,961,302 ; p=0.032) were higher in poor sleepers than in good sleepers. Furthermore, workers with a shorter sleep duration had a higher annual LPT due to presenteeism (747.83 vs. 648.57 h ; p=0.046) and a higher total annual LPT (754.48 vs. 657.99 h ; p=0.049) than workers with a longer sleep duration. CONCLUSION: Sleep deprivation among workers caused 1 h 51 min LPT per week. This suggests that sleep disturbance affects workers' performance in an organization, as well as in terms of individual health.
Subject(s)
Efficiency , Korea , Occupational Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sleep Deprivation , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES : Paruresis (or Shy bladder syndrome) is characterized by the inability to urinate in the public lavatory. The Paruresis Checklist (PCL) is the only tool that screens for this disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean Version of the Paruresis Checklist (K-PCL), and to examine characterstics of this disorder. METHODS : 530 males were enrolled in this study. We administered the K-PCL, the Social Avoidant and Distress scale (SAD), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The Case group included individuals whos PCL score was > or =5. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the BAI and Korea-Social Avoidance and Distress (K-SAD) scores of each group using 2-way ANOVA and Scheffe methods. RESULTS : The K-PCL score ranged from 0 to 6, with a mean 0.75. The Cronbach alpha coefficients of the K-PCL were .72, SAD .74 and BAI .73. A total of 8 males (1.51%) were included in the case group. Comparison of the case and control groups showed a significant difference in BAI scores, but no significant difference in K-SAD scores. CONCLUSION : The K-PCL showed a significant reliability and validity for paruresis. However, our results were not consistent with the notion that paruresis is a special form of social phobia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Anxiety , Checklist , Phobic Disorders , Reproducibility of Results , Urinary BladderABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES : Paruresis (or Shy bladder syndrome) is characterized by the inability to urinate in the public lavatory. The Paruresis Checklist (PCL) is the only tool that screens for this disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean Version of the Paruresis Checklist (K-PCL), and to examine characterstics of this disorder. METHODS : 530 males were enrolled in this study. We administered the K-PCL, the Social Avoidant and Distress scale (SAD), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The Case group included individuals whos PCL score was > or =5. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the BAI and Korea-Social Avoidance and Distress (K-SAD) scores of each group using 2-way ANOVA and Scheffe methods. RESULTS : The K-PCL score ranged from 0 to 6, with a mean 0.75. The Cronbach alpha coefficients of the K-PCL were .72, SAD .74 and BAI .73. A total of 8 males (1.51%) were included in the case group. Comparison of the case and control groups showed a significant difference in BAI scores, but no significant difference in K-SAD scores. CONCLUSION : The K-PCL showed a significant reliability and validity for paruresis. However, our results were not consistent with the notion that paruresis is a special form of social phobia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Anxiety , Checklist , Phobic Disorders , Reproducibility of Results , Urinary BladderABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This present study was conducted to explore the reliability and the validity of Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents Korean version (CAPS-CA). METHODS: The Subjects were children and adolescents (8-13yrs) from different places: a certain elementary school, three orphanages, a general hospital, and two neuropsychiatric local clinics. Only subjects who experienced a catastrophic traumatic event were tested by CAPS-CA, CDI, RCMAS, and TSC. RESULTS: The range of correlations between item-criterion were .67-.84. The coefficients of internal consistency were .87. and test-retest reliability was .90, were all the coefficients in the proper range. Inter-correlations of CAPS-CA, CDI, RCMAS, and TSC scale showed significant correlation. TSC showed the highest correlation coefficient. CAPS-CA can be a useful clinician- administered diagnostic instrument for children and adolescents PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSION: The reliability and the validity of CAPS-CA were confirmed. CAPS-CA could be applied for diagnostic purposes of PTSD in children and adolescents.