ABSTRACT
Dental infection which has been harmful to human for a long time occurs when the balance of three factors; host, environment and source of infection are broken and occurs especially when the balance of the resistance of the host and the toxin of bacteria are collapsed. Though dental-origin infection causes severe pain, it is commonly localized in gingiva, pulp and the surface of alveolar bone and as the decrease of its prevalence due to the development of antibiotics and the ease of treatment by a simple aids, there are no case that proper caution are made for the infection. Expecially in case of patient with infectious Hansen's disease(leprosy), as they have many other medical diseases, dental disease are mostly passed by. As oromaxillary infection can end up to death, though it is hard to treat a severly progressed myofascial space infection, general understanding about the reason, the pattern of spreading, treatment, prevention of it should be needed to make actual management in the situation of an doubtless developing of infection in patient treatment and situation of suspicious development of early myofascial space infection. Since last 5 years, 36% of the patients were hospitalized due to their dental infection and consistent advertising and treatment resulted in a gradual decrease of it.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Bacteria , Gingiva , Prevalence , Stomatognathic DiseasesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Nasal polyps are frequently found in patients with aspirin intolerant asthma (AIA). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are thought to play a crucial role in airway inflammation and remodeling. Eosinophil and mast cell infiltration is a consistent finding in these polyps but few studies have studied the relationship between these cells and protease-antiprotease balance in the nasal polyp tissue of aspirin intolerant asthmatics. Our purpose was to compare the differences of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), tryptase, MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 between aspirin intolerant and tolerant asthmatics (ATA) and also to evaluate the relationship with inflammation in nasal polyp homogenates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nasal polyp tissue homogenates from 10 AIA subjects (group I) and 10 ATA subjects (group II) were compared. Inflammatory cell markers such as ECP and tryptase were measured by the CAP system (Pharmacia, Sweden). MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels were measured by ELISA (Biotrack, UK). RESULTS: ECP levels were significantly higher in group I (p 0.05) and no significant differences were noted between MMP-2 levels between the two groups. MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio was lower in group I than group II although this was not significant, and there were significant correlations between ECP, and MMP-9 (r=0.65, p < 0.05), MMP-2 (r=0.61, p < 0.05), and tryptase (r=0.58, p < 0.05), but not with TIMP-1. Significant correlations were also noted between tryptase, and MMP-9 (r=0.62, p < 0.05), and MMP-2 (r=0.47, p < 0.05), but not with TIMP-1. CONCLUSION: Nasal polyps from AIA patients had more severe eosinophilic inflammation compared to ATA subjects. MMP-9 and MMP-2 may contribute to eosinophil migration and inflammation.