ABSTRACT
Human monocyte is an important cell type which is involved in various complex human diseases. To better understand the biology of human monocytes and facilitate further studies, we developed the first comprehensive proteome knowledge base specifically for human monocytes by integrating both in vivo and in vitro datasets. The top 2000 expressed genes from in vitro datasets and 779 genes from in vivo experiments were integrated into this study. Altogether, a total of 2237 unique monocyte-expressed genes were cataloged. Biological functions of these monocyte-expressed genes were annotated and classified via Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Furthermore, by extracting the overlapped genes from in vivo and in vitro datasets, a core gene list including 541 unique genes was generated. Based on the core gene list, further gene-disease associations, pathway and network analyses were performed. Data analyses based on multiple bioinformatics tools produced a large body of biologically meaningful information, and revealed a number of genes such as SAMHD1, G6PD, GPD2 and ENO1, which have been reported to be related to immune response, blood biology, bone remodeling, and cancer respectively. As a unique resource, this study can serve as a reference map for future in-depth research on monocytes biology and monocyte-involved human diseases.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Biomarkers, Tumor , Metabolism , DNA-Binding Proteins , Metabolism , Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase , Metabolism , Mass Spectrometry , Methods , Monocytes , Metabolism , Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins , Metabolism , Phosphopyruvate Hydratase , Metabolism , Proteomics , Methods , SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1 , Tumor Suppressor Proteins , MetabolismABSTRACT
Vasculogenic mimicry(VM) refers to the plasticity of malignant tumor cells forming vessel networks to provide blood supply to perfusion of rapidly growing tumors. Key proteins associated with classical, stem cell, hypoxia-related and other multiple signaling pathways, which are involved in regulating functional plasticity of tumor cell VM, have become potential clinical therapeutic targets and diagnostic indicators of the aggressive, metastatic phenotype. VM has been observed in several tumor types and its occurrence is strongly associated with a poor prognosis. This review focuses on the origin and signal molecules and cascades involved in VM, and the clinical significance of VM regarding anti-angiogenesis treatment modalities.