Intrauterine hypoxia slowing the development of Purkinje cells and reducing the expression of cerebellin in mice / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the effects of the development of Purkinje cells and expression of cerebellin in postnatal mice with intrauterine hypoxia. Methods Twenty healthy adult Kunming mice were randomly divided into two groups : control group and hypoxia group, with 10 mice in each group. Mice in the hypoxia group were placed in the hypoxia chamber of the animal since the 14th day of gestation to make an animal model of intrauterine hypoxia. After the mother gave birth, the experimental animals were divided into hypoxia group and control group. There were 6 age groups including postnatal day (P)0, P5, P9, P14, P21 and P30 in each group, and 5 mice in each age group. The cerebellum tissue was taken for vibrating sectioning. The developmental changes of calbindin-positive Purkinje cells were detected by immunofluorescence technique. The expression of cerebellin in Purkinje cell protuberances was detected by cerebellin (CBLN)l, CBLN4 and calbindin double labeling. Finally, Western blotting was used to semi-quantitatively analyze the protein expression of cerebellar peptide in cerebellum at each time point. Results Compared with the control group of the same age, the number of cerebellar Purkinje cells in the hypoxic group decreased, the dendritic branches decreased, and the arrangement was disordered, and the expression of CBLN1 and CBLN4 in the cortex were significantly reduced. Conclusion Intrauterine hypoxia leads to abnormal development of the cerebellar Purkinje cells and synaptic changes.

Inhibitory effect of chondroitinase ABC on ephrin A4 expression after spinal cord injury in rats / 生理学报

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) on ephrin A4 (EphA4) expression after spinal cord impairment (SCI) in rats. Adult female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: ChABC group, normal saline (NS) group and sham group. In the ChABC and NS group, the SCI model was produced by the spinal cord hemisection. The rats in sham group received sham operation without the spinal hemisection. ChABC and NS groups were intrathecally injected with ChABC and normal saline, respectively. At different time points after SCI, injured region of spinal cord was taken out as sample. The levels of EphA4 expression were measured by immunofluorescence technique and Western blot. And the expressions of growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected using double immunofluorescent staining. Immunofluorescent results showed that, compared with that in sham group, the EphA4 expression was significantly down-regulated on 1, 3 and 7 d after SCI, then up-regulated on 14 and 21 d after SCI in NS group. In ChABC group, the level of EphA4 expression was significantly less than that in the NS group during the whole time after SCI. Western blot showed an identical result to that of immunofluorescent staining. The double labeling results showed that on 3 d after SCI, the number of GFAP, glial cells marker, positive cells in NS group was lower than that in sham group, but higher than that in ChABC group. Moreover, GAP-43 was not detected in all three groups. These results suggest that ChABC can decrease the expression level of EphA4 and reduce the number of astrocytes after SCI, thus improving microenvironment of the injured region and promoting axonal growth and extension.

Relationship between prognosis of nasal inverted papilloma and human papillomavirus types / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detected HPV human papillomavirus DNA and HPV types in NIP nasal inverted papilloma, to inquire into the infection of HPV in the pathogenesis of NIP, and the relationship of HPV with the prognosis of NIP.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-eight cases of NIP were divided into 3 groups: no recurrence group (group 1), recurrence group (group 2), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising in NIP group (malignancy group, group 3). Ten cases of benign nasal polyps were used as control group. HPV-DNA types of 6, 11, 16, 18 and general type were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Total positive rate of HPV in NIP was 75% (21/28). The positive rate of group 1 was 42% (5/12), all with single and low risk HPV type infection (4 with HPV6 and 1 with HPV11). Thirteen cases of recurrence and 3 cases of malignancy were discovered to have HPV-DNA, in group 2, the majority were HPV6 and HPV11, 4 cases with double infection;in group 3, the majority were HPV16 and HPV18, and 2 cases with double infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The occurrence of NIP was related with HPV infection. To detected HPV and its subtypes can show the cases easily to have recurrence or malignant change. For the cases with HPV positive, double infection and infected with high risk types should be closely followed-up.</p>