Detection of SMO gene mutations in odontogenic keratocyst / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To detect the SMO mutations in odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and to explore the mechanism behind. Methods: Patients with OKC who received treatment in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology,Peking University, from September 2012 to June 2017 were enrolled. OKC samples from 10 patients diagnosed as naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS)-related OKC (4 females and 6 males) and 20 patients diagnosed as sporadic OKC (7 females and 13 males) were collected. Genomic DNAs were extracted from fibrous capsules and epithelial lining respectively. SMO mutations were detected and analyzed by Sanger sequencing. Results: Three SMO mutations were found in one NBCCS-associated OKC who carrying c.2081C>G (p.P694R) mutation) and two sporadic OKC who carrying c.907C>T (p.L303F) mutation and c.1247_1248delinsAA (p.G416E), respectively), among which the first two mutations were novel mutations that had not been reported before. Besides, two mutations in sporadic OKC were not paired with PTCH1 mutations. Conclusions: In addition to PTCH1 gene mutations, SMO gene mutations also exist in OKC which might be related to the development of OKC.

Efficacy and safety of modified four-point fixed IOL suspension implantation in aphakic eyes / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To observe the efficacy and safety of modified four-point fixed intraocular lens suspension implantation in aphakic eyes.METHODS:A prospective study. A total of 32 aphakic patients(32 eyes)with an average age of(44.56±8.48)years who underwent modified four-point fixed intraocular lens suspension implantation in our hospital from October 2020 to May 2021 were selected. Uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), corneal astigmatism, intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed before and after operation.RESULTS:The mean follow-up of all patients was(4.84±0.64)mo. The preoperative UCVA(LogMAR)was 1.25±0.42 and the last follow-up was 0.5±0.25(P<0.001). The preoperative BCVA(LogMAR)was 0.41±0.19 and the last follow-up was 0.42±0.19,(P >0.05). The preoperative corneal astigmatism was(1.17±0.64)D and the last follow-up was(1.20±0.59)D(P>0.05). There were no intraoperative complications, but 2 eyes had low intraocular pressure, 1 eye had high intraocular pressure and 2 eyes had corneal edema occurred after operation. There were no complications of hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage, macular cystoid edema, corneal endothelial decompensation, inclination or eccentricity of intraocular lens and exposure of suture.CONCLUSION:The modified four-point fixed intraocular lens suspension implantation can significantly improve the postoperative visual acuity of aphakic patients without additional corneal astigmatism,and with fewer complications.

Characteristics of cardiopulmonary exercise testing and clinical value of midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and to explore the clinical value of midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide(MR-proANP)in elderly heart failure(HF)patients with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF).Methods:A total of 56 elderly HFpEF patients with New York Heart Association(NYHA)cardiac function class Ⅱ-Ⅲ at our hospital from January 2019 to June 2019 were successively recruited into the HF group, and 49 healthy individuals who took health examinations during the same period were enrolled as the control group.All subjects underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing.Plasma was collected at rest before exercise for the measurement of MR-proANP and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP).Results:NT-proBNP and MR-proANP levels were higher in the HF group than in the control group[375(236-541)ng/L vs.31(22-130)ng/L, 78(52-215)pmol/L vs.14(10-23)pmol/L, P<0.05]. MR-proANP levels were higher in HF patients with NHYA class Ⅲ(n=23)than in HF patients with NHYA class Ⅱ(n=33)[228(121-436)pmol/L vs.60(50-92)pmol/L, χ2=0.256, P<0.01], while NT-proBNP levels showed no significant difference between the two subgroups[375(245-743)ng/L vs.382(220-540)ng/L, χ2=10.949, P>0.05]. Compared with the control group, the anaerobic threshold, peak exercise oxygen consumption(peak VO 2), peak VO 2 as percentage of predicted value(peak VO2%pred)and peak oxygen pulse were lower in the HF group( P<0.05), and VE/VCO 2 slope was higher in the HF group( P<0.05). Pearson analysis showed that MR-proANP and NT-proBNP were negatively correlated with anaerobic threshold, peak VO 2, peak VO 2%pred, and peak oxygen pulse( P<0.05), and positively correlated with the VE/VCO 2 slope( P<0.05). MR-proANP had the highest correlation with peak VO 2( r=0.791). Conclusions:Compared with healthy subjects, exercise tolerance and oxygen uptake capacity are lower in elderly HFpEF patients, indicating that their cardiopulmonary reserve function is reduced, .Plasma levels of MR-proANP can reflect the state of cardiac function in HFpEF patients with NYHA class Ⅱ~Ⅲ and can better evaluate the condition of patients.

Effects of sodium butyrate on activity of RAW264.7 cells and osteoclast differentiation / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of sodium butyrate on the activity of RAW264.7 cells and the osteoclast differentiation.Methods The RAW264.7 cells were treated by sodium butyrate at concentrations of 0,0.25,0.50,1.00,2.00,3.00,4.00 and 5.00 mmol/L,with 3 double pores for each concentration.The cytotoxicity of sodium butyrate on RAW264.7 cells was detected by a CCK-8 kit.The effects of sodium butyrate (0,0.25,0.50 and 1.00 mmol/L) on apoptosis of RAW264.7 cells were detected by Hoechst33342 staining.RAW264.7 cells were induced into osteoclasts by osteoclast differentiation factors.The experiment was carried out in 2 groups (n =3).After induced maturation,the experimental group was treated with 1.00 mmol/L sodium butyrate and the control medium was added only with the same volume of solvent.The number of osteoclasts and the area of bone resorption were observed and compared.The differentiation of RAW264.7 cells was detected by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining.Western blotting was used to detect the effects of sodium butyrate (0,0.25,0.50 and 1.00 mmol/L) on NF-κB-related signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells.Results Compared with the group of 0 mmol/L sodium butyrate,the activity of cells treated with 1.00,2.00,3.00,4.00 and 5.00 mmol/L sodium butyrate for 24 h was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Treatment with 1.00 mmol/L sodium butyrate for 24 h induced apoptosis.The number of osteoclasts in the control group and the experimental group were 9.33 ± 2.08 and 4.67 ± 1.16,respectively,showing a significant difference between the 2 groups (t =3.395,P =0.027).The percentages of bone resorption area in the control group and the experimental group were 52.43％ ± 5.38％ and 14.28％ ± 2.72％,respectively,also showing a significant difference between the 2 groups (t =10.970,P ＜ 0.001).Western blot results showed that,compared with other concentrations of sodium butyrate,treatment with 1 mmol/L sodium butyrate on RAW264.7 cells for 24 h led to an increase in the expression levels of cytoplasmic p65,B lymphoma-2 associated X protein and cleaved-caspase 3 and the acetylation of Histone H3 but a decrease in the phosphorylation level of α/β subunit of NF-κB kinase.Conclusions With the increased concentration of sodium butyratecan,the activity of NF-κB may be suppressed and the number of apoptotic cells may increase.1.00 mmol/L sodium butyrate can reduce osteoclast formation and bone resorption area.

The role of poloxamer 188 for cord blood mononuclear cells into megakaryocytes cultivation and induction in three-dimensional WAVE Bioreactor / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To observe the effect of poloxamer 188 (P188) on megakaryocyte cultivation and induction from cord blood mononuclear cells in order to obtain more megakaryocyte progenitor cells (MPC). Methods: The cord blood mononuclear cells were isolated and inoculated in cell culture bag or cell culture flask respectively. The WIGGENS shaker and cell culture bags were used to mimick WAVE Bioreactor for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture, and the P188 was added to induction medium, The cells were detected for morphology, surface marker, viability, and number on day 14. Results: In the two-dimensional (2D) culture, CD41(+), CD41(+)/CD61(+), CD61(+) megakaryocytic numbers increased significantly after adding P188 (all P<0.01). And in the 3D culture of adding P188, the cell volume became larger and the nuclear shape was irregular, the cytoplasm appeared magenta granules, and the megakaryocyte cells became more mature. By 3D culture, the expression of CD41/CD61 was (36.30±1.27)% vs (23.95±1.34)%, hence the differentiation for MPC was significantly higher than that in the 2D group (P<0.01). Furthermore, adding P188 in 3D culture resulted in highest differentiation efficiency for MPC [(59.45±1.20)%]. There were no significantly differences in terms of cell viability and cell number among 3D culture containing P188, 2D and 3D culture groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: 3D culture was beneficial for the differentiation of MPC, but the cell viability was lower than 2D group; However, the satisfied cell growth and better induction efficiency were obtained by adding of P188, which might provide a new method of megakaryocytes production for clinical application.

Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Differential Diagnosis between the Adult Reversible Splenial Lesion Syndrome and Ischemic Infarction of the Splenium of the Corpus Callosum / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in differential diagnosis between the adult reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) and ischemic infarction of the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC). Methods The MRI findings and clinical data of 7 RESLES patients and 13 patients with ischemic infarction of SCC who were clinically diagnosed and treated in our center from May 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The main MRI findings included location,morphology,signal intensity,maximum cross-sectional area,diffusion weighted imaging (DWI),and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value. Results On the MRI findings of 7 RESLES patients (5 males and 2 females),the centers of all lesions of the SCC were located in the midline of SCC,the lesion shapes were round,ellipse,or spindle,and the distribution of the lesions was bilateral and symmetric as the center of the midline of SCC. The lesions were hyperintense on DWI,and the mean maximum cross-sectional area of lesions was (56.9±32.6) mm and the mean ADC value was (0.3963±0.0715) ×10 mm/s. On the review MRI,all the lesions disappeared (mean interval:10 days). On the MRI findings of 13 patients with ischemic infarction of SCC (10 males and 3 females),the lesions were irregular or patchy in shape and were almost laterally and asymmetrically distributed. The lesions were hyperintense on DWI,and the mean maximum cross-sectional area was (55.1±43.9) mm and the mean ADC value was (0.4978±0.0123) ×10 mm/s. The mean maximum cross-sectional area (t=0.096,P=0.925) and the ADC value (t=-1.988,P=0.062) were not significantly different between RESLES group and ischemic infarction of SCC group. Conclusions The location,morphology,and distribution of the SCC lesions and the co-existence of other lesions in the brain are helpful for the differential diagnosis between RESLES and ischemic infarction of SCC. However,the mean maximum cross-sectional area and the ADC value show no obvious difference between these two diseases.

Correlations between apparent diffusion coefficient in diffusion?weighted magnetic resonance imaging and molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer masses / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the molecular subtypes and biological prognostic factors of invasive breast cancer masses.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Breast MRI data (including dynamic enhanced and diffusion-weighted imaging) were collected from 64 patients with pathologically confirmed invasive breast cancer masses (a total of 69 lesions). The mean ADC values of the lesions were calculated and their correlations were analyzed with the 5 molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer and the biological prognostic factors including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67 index.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ADC values did not differ significantly among the 5 molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer masses (P>0.05) or among lesions with different ER, PR, or HER2 status (P>0.05). The mean ADC values were significantly higher in Ki-67-positive lesions than in the negative lesions (P=0.023 and negatively correlated with the expressions of Ki-67 (r=-0.249).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ADC value can not be used to identify the molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer masses or to evaluate the biological prognosis of the lesions, but its correlation with Ki-67 expression may help in prognostic evaluation and guiding clinical therapy of the tumors.</p>

Effect of Jianpi Bushen Qingchang Huashi Recipe on Proliferation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Jianpi Bushen Qingchang Huashi Recipe (JBQHR) on proliferation and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro with adherence screening method to prepare cell suspension. No drug intervention was given to BMSCs in the vehicle control group. JBQHR at 0.39, 0.78, 1.56 µg/mL was added in BMSCs of low, mid, and high dose JBQHR groups for co-incubation. Its effect on the proliferation of BMSCs was detected by CCK-8. BMSCs migration and chemotactic ability was detected using Transwell method. Each dose JBQHR combined ERK kinase inhibitor U0126 was set up as control. The phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) and CAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) were detected by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the vehicle control group, the proliferation of BMSCs and BMSCs migration number could be promoted in the 3 JBQHR groups (P < 0.05). Besides, the proliferation of BMSCs was better in mid and high dose JBQHR groups than in the low dose JBQHR group (P < 0.05). Compared with the vehicle control group, the phosphorylation of ERK and CREB could be elevated in the 3 JBQHR groups (P < 0.05), and could be inhibited by U0126 (P < 0.01). Compared with the low dose JBQHR group, the phosphorylation of ERK increased in mid and high dose JBQHR groups with statistical difference (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>JBQHR could promote the proliferation and migration of BMSCs, and its mechanism might be related to ERK/CREB signaling pathway</p>

Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of unilateral versus bilateral intraplaque hemorrhage in patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the difference in the vulnerability of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with unilateral and bilateral intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was conducted among 44 patients with unilateral IPH (30 cases) or bilateral IPH (14 cases) in the carotid plaques detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in our hospital between December, 2009 and December, 2012. The age, maximum wall thickness and incidence of fibrous cap rupture were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those with unilateral IPH, the patients with bilateral IPHs had a significantly younger age (66.6∓9.4 years vs 73.7∓9.0 years, P=0.027), a significantly greater maximum plaque thickness (6.3∓1.9 mm vs 5.0∓1.3 mm, P=0.035) and a higher incidence of ulcers (50% vs 13.3%, P=0.025). Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between bilateral IPHs and the occurrence of ulcer with an odd ratio (OR) of 6.5 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-28.7, P=0.014). After adjustment for gender in Model 1, bilateral IPHs were still significantly associated with presence of ulcer (OR=5.7, 95%CI: 1.1-29.2, P=0.036). But after adjustment for age (P=0.131) or maximum plaque thickness (P=0.139) in model 2, no significant correlation was found between bilateral IPHs and the presence of ulcer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with patients with unilateral IPH, those with bilateral IPHs are at a younger age and have a greater plaque burden and a higher incidence of fibrous cap rupture, suggesting a greater vulnerability of the carotid plaques in patients with bilateral IPHs.</p>

Inhibitory effect of PAMAM/sh-miR-34a nanocomplexes on malignant melanoma cells / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To use polyamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAM) loaded with sh miR 34a for constructing PAMAM/ sh-miR-34a nanocomplexes and to observe its inhibitory effect on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of malignant melanoma A375 cells. Methods Particle size analyzer was used to investigate the potential and size of the constructed PAMAM/sh-miR-34a nanocomplex, and sh-miR-34a enrichment capability was determined by gel electrophoresis assay. The intracellular uptake of PAMAM/sh-miR-34a by A375 cells was investigated using sh-miR-34a labeled by rhodamine. CCK8 method was used to determine the inhibitory effect of the nanocomplex against A375 cell proliferation. Transwell assay was used to determine the inhibition effect of nanocomplex against A375 cell migration and invasion. Western blotting analysis was used to examine the inhibitory effect of PAMAM/sh-miR-34a on the protein expression of pAkt, pRb, and pERKl/2 in A375 cells. Results PAMAM loaded with sh-miR-34a could form stable nanocomplexes. The intracellular uptake of PAMAM/sh-miR-34a by A375 cells was the highest when N/P = 20 (P<0. 05). PAMAM effectively mediated sh-miR-34a entry into A375 cells, inhibiting the cell proliferation- invasion and metastasis and blocking the protein expression of pAkt, pRb. and pERKl/2 in A375 cells. Conclusion PAMAM can enwrap sh-miR-34a and inhibit malignant melanoma A375 cells

Function of miR-19a and miR-92a determined by seed-targeting inhibition in multiple myeloma cells and their signal pathway analysis / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:TostudythefunctionofmicroRNA(miR)-19aandmiR-92abyseed-targetinginhibitionin multiple myeloma cells and their signal pathways .METHODS:The experiments were divided into t-antimiR-19a group, t-antimiR-92a group, scramble control group and blank control group .The growth-inhibitory potencies were measured by MTT assay.The ability of cell colony formation was measured by cell colony formation assay .The ability of cell invasion was measured by Transwell experiment .The miR-19a and miR-92a target gene signal pathways were integrated by miRFo-cus software.RESULTS:MTT assay showed that t-antimiR-19a and t-antimiR-92a significantly inhibited the viability of multiple myeloma cells , and the best concentration and time were 0.5μmol/L and 48 h, respectively .The colony number in t-antimiR-19a/92a group was less than that in scramble control group .The transfection with t-antimiR-19a or t-antimiR-92a effectively decreased the cell invasion , as the relative invasion cell number was significantly decreased compared with scramble control group.miR-19a and miR-92a were involved in mTOR signaling, cell cycle and other cancer pathways . CONCLUSION:miR-19a and miR-92a cluster might be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in multiple myelo-ma.

Clinical experience on postoperative balance of hemostasis and antithrombus for patients with hemophilic arthritis after arthroplasty / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical significance of postoperative personalized antithrombotic therapy for patients with hemophilic arthritis (HA) patients after arthroplasty.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From September 2005 to October 2013, 11 cases of arthroplasty for hemophilic arthritis in hip and knee total operation 14 times,including 1 case of double knees (calculated as one operation), operation in left knees 6 times, operation in right knees 5 times, 2 in hip. All the patients were male and the age ranged from 23 to 57 years old,with an average of (36.1 ± 11.0) years old; the average weight was (64.1 ± 8.9) kg. All the patients were preoperatively diagnosed and classified as hemophilic arthritis with the radiological images and laboratory tests. According to the function of joints, the risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE), and dynamic observation of Factor VIII:C (FVIII:C) activity, patients were treated with personalized antithrombus by adjusting the dosage of recombinant human coagulation factor VIII (Kogenate FS). All the patients were orderly divided into postoperatively distal joints moving group and none-moving group to observe the coagulation function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The enrolled patients had no postoperative complication of VTE and pulmonary embolism (PE). The APTT and D-2 were different between two groups in the postoperative early stage. Length of hospital day was shorter in the moving group than none-moving group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Because of the self-coagulation disorder, patients with HA tended to bleed. However it doesn't mean that there is no risk of postoperative thrombosis. Therefore,it's important to determine how to control the balance between postoperative antithrombus, hemostasis,and coagulation factor replacement therapy after arthroplasty for HA. Postoperative moving has proved helpful for HA, especially in reducing the risk of hemostasis and shortening the time in hospital.</p>

Single-incision laparoscopic surgery with self-made port for totally extraperitoneal hernioplasty: a report of 7 cases / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal hernioplasty (SILS-TEP) with self-made port for repairing of inguinal hernia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SILS-TEP was performed in 7 inguinal hernia patients (9 sides) with conventional laparoscopic instruments and self-made port, which composed of a wound retractor, surgical gloves and 3 ordinary trocars. The clinical data and follow-up results of 7 cases were retrospectively collected and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The self-made port was applied for SILS-TEP uneventfully without the need of additional ports in all 7 patients (9 inguinal hernias). The median operating time was 90. 0 (70-125) min, intraoperative blood loss was 10. 0 (5. 0-20. 0) mL and postoperative hospital stay was 2.0 (2. 0-4. 0) d. The median pain scores of visual analog scale (VAS) at 6 h,12 h, 24 h and 14 d were 3(2~4), 2(1~2), 1(0~2) and 0(0~1), respectively. There were no intraoperative complications reported, and all patients were satisfied with wound healing. No hernia recurrence was observed during the 3-months of follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our initial experiences show that SILS-TEP with self-made port is a safe and feasible surgery, which can simplify the procedure with available equipments and reduce the cost, therefore can be applied in grass-root hospitals.</p>

Antisense oligonucleotides targeting seed sequence of miR-155 and its ap-plications in multiple myeloma / 中国病理生理杂志

[ABSTRACT]AIM:ToinvestigatetheroleoftinyantisensenucleicacidagainstmiR-155(tinyantimiR-155, t-antimiR-155) in multiple myeloma cells .METHODS:According to the seed sequence of miR-155, t-antimiR-155 was designed and synthesized .t-antimiR-155 was transfected by Lipofectamine TM 2000 into RPMI-8266 cells.The cells were di-vided into t-antimiR-155 group, scrambled control (SCR) group and blank control group .The growth-inhibitory potencies were measured by MTT assay .The ability of cell colony formation was detected by cell colony formation assay .The cell ap-optosis was assessed by flow cytometry with annexin V /PI double staining .RESULTS: The best concentration and time were 0.4 μmol/L and 48 h, respectively.The cell colony forming experiment showed that the circumstances of forming cell community in t-antimiR-155 group was weaker than that in SCR group , and the colony formation inhibitory rate of former was significant higher than the latter .Compared with SCR group , the cell apoptosis in t-antimiR-155 group significantly in-creased.CONCLUSION: The t-antimiR-155 inhibits the progression of multiple myeloma cells by interfering with miR-155.miR-155 may serve as a potential target in gene therapy for treating multiple myeloma .

The diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the prognostic factors of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNEN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 61 patients with PNEN from March 1992 to December 2012 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 23 male and 38 female patients, with a median age of 52 years (ranged from 22 to 68 years). Forty-one patients were non-functional tumors, and 20 patients were functional tumors. Fifty-nine patients received operation, 13 (22.0%) patients underwent laparoscopic operation, 2 patients underwent puncture biopsy under CT guidance. Survival was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among these patients, 53 (86.9%) patients underwent curative resection. The cases of grade G1, G2, G3 were 41 (67.2%), 9 (14.8%), 11 (18.0%), respectively. The cases of stageI, II, III, IV were 47 (77.0%), 7 (11.5%), 2 (3.3%), 5 (8.2%), respectively. Liver metastasis, neural invasion were found in 5 cases (8.2%), 5 cases (8.2%), respectively. The median follow-up period was 40 months (ranged from 3 to 209 months). The overall 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 92.0%, 89.7%, 86.3%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed WHO classification (χ(2) = 18.503), TNM staging system (χ(2) = 23.401), liver metastasis (χ(2) = 18.606), neural invasion (χ(2) = 10.091), resection status (χ(2) = 25.514) were prognostic factors of PNEN (all P = 0.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Surgical resection in PNEN results in long-term survival. WHO classification, TNM staging, resection status are effective in predicting the prognosis of PNEN. Liver metastasis, neural invasion predicted poor prognosis.</p>

Different biological characteristics between nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus cells in rabbits / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare biological characteristics between nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus cells in vitro model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five New Zealand white rabbits (2 to 3 kg, either gender) were isolated nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus under sterilized condition, then cultured in nutrient solution with 15% FBS and DMEM/F12 (1:1) by enzyme digestion combined with tissue block method. When 90% cells fused, subcultring were performed. Cell morphology were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, cell viability were detected by trypan blue staining, histological were observed by a toluidine blue and HE staining, cell proliferation were tested by MTT method, then the cell morphology, viability, proliferation between nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no obviously differences between nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus in original and the first strain. Physalides were appeared in annulus fibrosus on the second generation. The strapping time was later, and activity was lower in nucleus pulposus than annulus fibrosus. The growth of cell proliferation in nucleus pulposus was lower than annulus fibrosus from the ninth day.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cell activity in annulus fibrosus is higher than nucleus pulposus. Digenerative disc disease may caused by recession of nucleus pulposus,local biomechnical changes, furether caused structure change and function loss of annulus fibrosus.</p>

The clinical comparison of totally laparoscopic versus open total gastrectomy for gastric cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility, safety and oncological effect of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of TLTG cases and open total gastrectomy (OTG) patients between November 2007 and October 2011 were analyzed. Also compared the feasibility, safety and short-term outcomes of TLTG with OTG.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ninty cases were analyzed. There were 18 cases in the TLTG group and 72 cases in the OTG group. Operation time was significantly longer in the TLTG group ((310 ± 86) minutes) than in the OTG group ((256 ± 57) min, t = 4.963, P = 0.002), However, the blood loss were significantly lower in the TLTG group ((136 ± 84) ml vs. (359 ± 141) ml, t = -11.734, P = 0.000). The post operative morbidity was similar between the TLTG and OTG group. First flatus time (t = -7.020), first diet time (t = -6.166 and -5.698), and post operative hospital stay (t = -4.610) were significantly shorter in the TLTG group than in the OTG group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LTG is a safe and feasible procedure with quick post-operation recovery. The laparoscopic side-to-side esophagojejunal anastomosis is a safe and feasible method of alimentary reconstruction after laparoscopic total gastrectomy.</p>

Relationship between cervical micrometastasis and early recurrence and prognosis in laryngeal carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the correlation between the micrometastasis and early recurrence and prognosis in laryngeal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total of 126 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. The micrometastasis was detected with hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) and immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin (CK) of the lymph node specimens after selective neck dissection (II-IV). Chi-square test was used to analyse the relationship between the micrometastasis and early recurrence and prognosis, and Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HE staining showed positive micrometastasis in 41 cases and negative micrometastasis in 85 cases in which 33 cases were positive staining for CK. With a following-up of mean 6.3 years, recurrence or metastasis occurred in 15 cases with positive micrometastasis detected by HE staining, 14 cases with CK positive staining and 4 cases with CK negative staining. The correlation between micrometastasis and early recurrence was significant (P < 0.01). The total 5-year survival rate was 79.8%, 10-year survival rate was 60.5%. The 10-year survival rate (52.1%) of the patients with CK positive staining indicating micrometastasis was significantly higher than that of CK negative patients (81.2%, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cervical micrometastasis predicts poor prognosis and early recurrence in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.</p>

Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: the experience of 68 cases in a single centre / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 68 patients (male 23, female 45) aged 17 to 77 years, with distal pancreatic lesions, underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy from November 2003 to December 2010. The clinical data were collected. Safety, feasibility and crucial technique manipulation were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 68 operations were successful with two cases conversion to open, including 48 cases combined with splenectomy, and 18 cases with preservation of spleen. Fourteen cases received with combination resection of multi-organs, including 4 cases with cholecystectomy, 1 case resection of right adrenal adenoma and cholecystectomy, 1 case with myomectomy and left ovarian teratomectomy; 1 case with right ovarian teratomectomy, 1 case with resection of left adrenal adenoma, 1 case with resection of both adrenal adenoma, 1 case with resection of liver metastasis, 1 case with cholecystectomy and resection of liver metastasis, 1 case with resection of left adrenal adenoma and liver metastasis, 1 case with resection of left adrenal adenoma and colon and spleen, 1 case with biopsy of liver nodule. The mean operative time was (209 ± 58) minutes, the mean intraoperative blood loss was (191 ± 123) ml, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was (8 ± 4) days. The rate of overall postoperative complications was 18.1%, including an 12.1% rate of clinical pancreatic fistula. Only one case needed a reoperation, and there was no postoperative mortality.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with or without splenectomy is safe and feasible in the treatment of most distal pancreatic tumors.</p>

Long-term treatment outcome in patients undergoing cricohyoidoepiglottopexy for glottic carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the long-term results of cricohyoidoepiglottopexy(CHEP) in the treatment of glottic carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective chart review of 92 consecutive patients who underwent CHEP in the selected institut from January 1990 to December 2008. Of the 92 cases, 41 cases of stage I, 39 cases of stage II, 12 cases of stage III. The time for the decannulation and the removal of the nasal feeding and quality of phonation were used for evaluating postoperative functional rehabilitation. The estimated long-term survival rates were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 92 patients, 26 cases (27 sides) received neck dissection and lymph nodes were pathologically positive in 3 patients (11.1%). All final surgical margins were negative for tumor invasion. Seven patients had postoperative radiotherapy and one had chemoradiation. Thirteen patients (14.1%) were found local recurrence and nine patients (9.8%) had postoperative metastases. Overall 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates were 90.0%, 84.5% and 67.0% respectively. Cox multivariate analysis showed that the recurrence had significant influences on the overall survival rate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CHEP not only is relatively easy to master, but also effective in the treatment of glottic carcinoma.</p>