Qangxin Granule Intervened Chronic Heart Failure Rats with Xin-qi Deficiency Complicated Blood Stasis and Edema Syndrome: an Experimental Study / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study and evaluate the curative effect and mechanism of Qiangxin Granule (QXG) in intervening chronic heart failure (CHF) rats with Xin-qi deficiency complicated blood stasis and edema syndrome (XQD-BS-ES).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 72 SD rats of clean grade were randomly divided to the normal control group (n =10) and the model group (n = 62). The XQD-BS-ES rat model was established by adriamycin plus propylthiouracil method. Survived modeled rats were then randomly divided to 5 groups i.e., the model group (n = 11, administered with normal saline by gastrogavage), the Western medicine (WM) group (n =11 , administered with perindopril and hydrochlorothiazide by gastrogavage), the low dose QXG (QXG(L)) group (n = 11, administered with 9.26 g/kg QXG by gastrogavage), the middle dose QXG (QXG(M)) group (n = 11, administered with 18.52 g/kg QXG by gastrogavage), the high dose QXG (QXG(H)) group (n = 11, administered with 37.04 g/kg QXG by gastrogavage). After 4 weeks of treatment, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), urine output, ear temperature, exhaustive swimming test (EST), tri-iodothyronine (T3), tetra-iodothyronine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), as well as heart, lung, liver weight index and their pathological sections, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS-CRP), angiotensin II (Ang II), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) were detected and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal control group, LVEF, LVFS, BNP, HR, RR, urine output, ear temperature, EST, T3, T4, TSH, HS-CRP, Ang II, and CA125 changed significantly in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group after treatment, LVEF, LVFS, BNP, urine output, EST, T4, heart and liver weight index, HS-CRP, Ang II, CA125 were significantly improved in each QXG group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Moreover, TSH was improved in the QXGL and QXG(M) groups (P < 0.05); ear temperature and T3 in the QXG(M) were also improved (P < 0.05); the lung weight index decreased in the QXG(M) and QXG(H) groups (P < 0.01). Compared with the WM group, T4 and CA125 were obviously improved in all QXG groups (P < 0.01); BNP and ear temperature were obviously improved in QXG(L) and QXG(M) groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); LVEF, LVFS and TSH were obviously improved in the QXG(M) group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). And as far as each treatment group, LVEF, LVFS, urine output increased significantly after treatment (P < 0.01); EST obviously increased in QXG(M) and QXG(H) groups (P < 0.01); ear temperature increased in all QXG groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Moreover, compared with the model group, pathological changes of heart, lung, and liver were improved to some degree in each treatment group, especially in the QXG(M) group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Good curative effect was shown in each QXG group. QXG could improve LVEF, LVFS and BNP of CHF rats of XQD-BS-ES, as well as T3, T4, TSH, EST, urine output, and ear temperature. Moreover, QXG showed superiority than WM group in this respect.</p>

Establishment of chronic heart failure rat model of Xin-qi deficiency complicated blood stasis and edema syndrome and judgment of diagnosis information integration / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish and evaluate chronic heart failure (CHF) rat model of Xin-qi deficiency complicated blood stasis and edema syndrome (XQD-BSES).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 40 SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (Control), the propylthiouracil (PTU) group, the adriamycin (ADR), and the ADR + PTU group. Normal saline was used as equivalent solvent of each group. Rats in the Control group were intragastrically and intraperitoneally injected with normal saline. Rats in the PTU group were intragastrically injected with PTU suspension and intraperitoneally injected with normal saline. Rats in the ADR group were intragastrically injected with ADR solution and intraperitoneally injected with normal saline. And rats in the ADR + PTU group were intragastrically injected with PTU suspension and intraperitoneally injected with ADR solution. The dose of PTU was 0.2% of daily forage weight, once daily. The dose of ADR was 3.5 mg/kg, once per week. The modeling lasted for 6 weeks. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), urine output, ear temperature, exhaustive swimming test (EST), Tri-iodothyronine (T3), tetra-iodothyronine(T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) as well as heart, lung, liver weight indices and their pathological sections were integrated and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the Control group, LVEF, LVFS, BNP, HR, RR, heart, lung, liver weight indices, urine output, ear temperature, EST, and T3, T4, and TSH changed significantly in the ADR group, the PTU group, and the ADR + PTU group with statistical significance (P < 0.05), and pathological changes of heart failure occurred in pathological sections of heart, lung, and liver. Compared with the ADR group, LVEF, LVFS, BNP, and lung, liver weight indices, urine output, ear temperature, T3, T4, and TSH changed significantly in the ADR + PTU group with statistical significance (P < 0.05), and pathological changes of heart failure were more serious in pathological sections of heart, lung, and liver. Compared with the PTU group, LVEF, LVFS, BNP, HR, RR, urine output, EST, T4, heart and lung weight indices changed significantly in the ADR + PTU group with statistical significance (P < 0.05), and pathological changes of heart failure were quite serious in pathological sections of heart, lung, and liver.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ADR + PTU was an appropriate method to establish CHF rat model of XQD-BSES.</p>

Study on the metabolin difference of hypertension patients of gan-yang hyperactivity syndrome and yin-yang deficiency syndrome / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the metabolin difference between hypertension patients of Gan-yang hyperactivity syndrome (GYHS) and those of yin-yang deficiency syndrome (YYDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 26 hypertension patients at the Base for Chinese Medicine Clinical Research of Hypertension from June 2009 to May 2010 were assigned to two groups, the GYHS group (12 cases) and the YYDS group (14 cases). Besides, 14 healthy volunteers from the affiliated community were recruited as the control group. Their blood plasmas and principle component analysis (PCA) were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOFMS) technology. The correlated metabolin and their metabolic pathways were identified using Metlin Database.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The PCA chart showed that the dispersion was larger in the control group than in the other two groups. The data of the GYHS group and the YYDS group showed gathering tendency. Further PCA results showed good spatial separation between the two groups, with significant difference between them. Totally 6 metabolins were detected. Of them, estrodiol, leucotriene, ceramide, and glucose-ceramide increased more in the GYHS group, while triglyceride and diacylglycerol increased more significantly in the YYDS group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HPLC-TOFMS is capable of primarily identifying and clarifying different metabolic modes of the GYHS and the YYDS. Different contents of estrodiol, leucotriene, ceramide, glucose-ceramide, triglyceride, and diacylglycerol might probably become the differential points for identifying the two syndrome types.</p>