ABSTRACT
Cerebrovascular disease has become the first cause of death in China, which brings heavy social economy burden and psychological pressure to the patients and their families. Recent years have witnessed rapid development in cerebrovascular disease research, which promotes the rapid development of its prevention and treatment. This review summarized several focuses in studies of cerebrovascular diseases, including focuses of basic research, diagnoses and therapies of acute ischemic stroke and endovascular treatments, cerebral hemorrhage, prevention and rehabilitation of cerebral stroke, evidence-based medicine, translational medicine and precision medicine, hoping to provide insights for all those who involved in the field.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of Tongxinluo on adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), anti-oxidant enzymes activities, and lipid peroxidation of mitochondria or brain homogenate in focal brain ischemia-reperfusion rats.@*METHODS@#The models of the focal brain ischemia-reperfusion rats were made by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and ATPase and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels of mitochondria or brain homogenate were measured by biochemical methods.@*RESULTS@#Tongxinluo significantly inhibited the decrease of activities of SOD and the increase of MDA levels, but had no difference in GSH-Px in brain homogenate. It also inhibited the decrease of activities of SOD, GSH-Px, ATPase, and the increase of MDA levels in mitochondria.@*CONCLUSION@#The protective mechanisms of Tongxinluo against mitochondrial injuries in focal ischemia-reperfusion rats may be derived from reducing lipid peroxides, scavenging free radicals and improving the energy metabolism.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Adenosine Triphosphatases , Metabolism , Antioxidants , Pharmacology , Brain Ischemia , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Glutathione Peroxidase , Metabolism , Malondialdehyde , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Reperfusion Injury , Superoxide Dismutase , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene modified neural stem cells (NSCs)transplantation on cerebral ischemic injury in rats.Methods NSCs from newborn rat hippocampus were isolated,cultured in a medium containing fibroblast factor (FGF) in vitro. Their proliferation and differentiation were detected by immunohistochemistry.Virus vectors pLXSN-BDNF were built and BDNF were transfected into NSCs.Biological activity were detected to obtained engineering stem cells of BDNF protein with secretary activity.Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models were made and transplanted with NSCs-BDNF by stereotaxic technique.The effect of transplantation on MCAO models was evaluated histologically and behaviorally.Results Statistical analysis showed that the behavioral performance of the animals improved after transplantation (Longa mark being 1.343?0.293 four weeks after stem cell transplantation).The number of hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons increased to 87.5%?6.6% , four weeks after stem cell transplantation on Nissle stained hippocampal sections,which was significantly different from that of controls.Positively BrdU stained neural stem cells revealed by immunohistochemistry in the cultured cells and in the transplanted brain sections,indicated that the engineering cells transplanted had survived in the host brain and began to proliferate.Conclusion Transplantation of BDNF genetically modified NSCs can effectively promote the recovery from cerebral ischemic injury.