ABSTRACT
The crosstalk between the nerve and stomatognathic systems plays a more important role in organismal health than previously appreciated with the presence of emerging concept of the "brain-oral axis". A deeper understanding of the intricate interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system is warranted, considering their significant developmental homology and anatomical proximity, and the more complex innervation of the jawbone compared to other skeletons. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at studies concerning neurodevelopment, craniofacial development, and congenital anomalies that occur when the two systems develop abnormally. It summarizes the cross-regulation between nerves and jawbones and the effects of various states of the jawbone on intrabony nerve distribution. Diseases closely related to both the nervous system and the stomatognathic system are divided into craniofacial diseases caused by neurological illnesses, and neurological diseases caused by an aberrant stomatognathic system. The two-way relationships between common diseases, such as periodontitis and neurodegenerative disorders, and depression and oral diseases were also discussed. This review provides valuable insights into novel strategies for neuro-skeletal tissue engineering and early prevention and treatment of orofacial and neurological diseases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bone and Bones , Nervous System , Stomatognathic SystemABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the influence of microstructure on performance of triply-periodic minimal surface (TPMS) bone scaffolds.@*METHODS@#The relevant literature on the microstructure of TPMS bone scaffolds both domestically and internationally in recent years was widely reviewed, and the research progress in the imfluence of microstructure on the performance of bone scaffolds was summarized.@*RESULTS@#The microstructure characteristics of TPMS bone scaffolds, such as pore shape, porosity, pore size, curvature, specific surface area, and tortuosity, exert a profound influence on bone scaffold performance. By finely adjusting the above parameters, it becomes feasible to substantially optimize the structural mechanical characteristics of the scaffold, thereby effectively preempting the occurrence of stress shielding phenomena. Concurrently, the manipulation of these parameters can also optimize the scaffold's biological performance, facilitating cell adhesion, proliferation, and growth, while facilitating the ingrowth and permeation of bone tissue. Ultimately, the ideal bone fusion results will obtain.@*CONCLUSION@#The microstructure significantly and substantially influences the performance of TPMS bone scaffolds. By deeply exploring the characteristics of these microstructure effects on the performance of bone scaffolds, the design of bone scaffolds can be further optimized to better match specific implantation regions.
Subject(s)
Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry , Tissue Engineering/methods , Bone and Bones , PorosityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To review the research progress of design of bone scaffolds with different single cell structures.@*METHODS@#The related literature on the study of bone scaffolds with different single cell structures at home and abroad in recent years was extensively reviewed, and the research progress was summarized.@*RESULTS@#The single cell structure of bone scaffold can be divided into regular cell structure, irregular cell structure, cell structure designed based on topology optimization theory, and cell structure designed based on triply periodic minimal surface. Different single cell structures have different structural morphology and geometric characteristics, and the selection of single cell structure directly determines the mechanical properties and biological properties of bone scaffold. It is very important to choose a reasonable cell structure for bone scaffold to replace the original bone tissue.@*CONCLUSION@#Bone scaffolds have been widely studied, but there are many kinds of bone scaffolds at present, and the optimization of single cell structure should be considered comprehensively, which is helpful to develop bone scaffolds with excellent performance and provide effective support for bone tissue.
Subject(s)
Bone and Bones , Tissue ScaffoldsABSTRACT
Objective To explore the needs of community pharmacy services in elderly hypertensive patients in the community, especially empty-nest elderly patients. Methods Elderly hypertensive patients living in Ouyang street were randomly selected and divided into empty-nest and non-empty-nest groups by cluster random sampling method. The basic information of the respondents, the frequency of hypertension monitoring, the taking of hypertensive drugs, and the taking of other drugs were compared and analyzed. Results In term of “blood pressure monitoring frequency”, the daily pressure measurement of the empty-nest group and the non-empty-nest group accounted for 33.6% and 19.3%, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).In term of “the varieties of hypertension drugs” and taking 3 kinds of hypertension drugs at the same times, the empty-nest group accounted for 28.8% and the non-empty-nest group accounted for 16.7%, and the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.05)；In term of “the varieties of drugs” and taking 1-2 kinds of Chinese patent drugs at the same time, the empty-nest group accounted for 39.6% and the non-empty-nest group accounted for 26.0% , and the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.05)。Conclusion Community elderly patients with hypertension, especially empty-nest elderly patients have an urgent need for community pharmacy services，Community pharmacy services personnel should provide personalized and targeted medication education and guidance to elderly patients, especially empty-nest elderly patients, to promote the rational drug use in elderly patients.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To systematically evaluate clinical efficacy of L-carnitine in the treatment of male infertility ，and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment of male infertility. METHODS ：Retrieved from CNKI ，Wanfang database ， VIP，CBM，PubMed，Embase and the Cochrane library ，randomized controlled trials （RCTs）about L-carnitine and other chemical drugs in the treatment of male infertility were collected during the inception to Apr. 12th，2020. After data extraction of included literatures and quality evaluation with modified Jadad scale ，Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS：A total of 8 RCTs were included ，with 520 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that compared with other chemical drugs ，L-carnitine could significantly enhance the semen volume [MD＝0.55，95％CI（0.20，0.91），P＝0.002] and sperm mortality rate [MD＝1.60，95％CI（0.50，2.69），P＝0.004] of male infertility patients ，with statistical significance. There was no statistical significance in sperm count [MD＝4.00，95％ CI（－3.15，11.15），P＝0.27]，the percentage of forward motile sperm [MD＝12.58，95％CI（－3.87，29.03），P＝0.13]，and the percentage of inducing pregnancy rate [OR＝0.85，95％CI（0.47，1.52），P＝ 0.58] of male infertility patients. CONCLUSIONS ：L-carnitine can significantly improve the semen volume and sperm mortality of male infertility patients ，and has the same effects as other drugs on improving sperm count ，percentage of forward motile sperm and percentage of inducing pregnancy rate.