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BackgroundDue to the COVID-19 pandemic， both teenagers' studies and personal life are critically affected， which has resulted in a variety of mental health problems. In this regard， scholars at home and abroad have carried out a large number of research concerning adolescent mental health， of which there still exists a lack of systematic combing and review. ObjectiveTo understand the status and development trend of research on adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic at home and abroad， and to grasp the current research hotspots and trends in this field， so as to provide references for relevant research and practice in the post-epidemic era. MethodsOn October 30， 2022， we searched through China Knowledge Network Infrastructure （CNKI） and Web of Science database， and the publishing time of articles to be retrieved was limited between December 1， 2019 and October 30， 2022. Excel and CiteSpace were used to perform visual analysis on these articles in terms of number， author， institution， country and keywords of the articles. ResultsA total of 7 608 articles were included. At home and abroad， the number of papers related to adolescent mental health generally increased at first and then decreased under the pandemic situation. Compared with foreign countries， the connection and cooperation among domestic scholars and institutions was not close enough. The top three countries in the number of English literature published were the United States， Britain and China， and those in intermediary center were Tunis， Cameroon and Anguilla. The parent-child relationship and mental health of teenagers during were much concerned by scholars both at home and abroad. With the passage of time， researchers at home and abroad had shifted their focus from only negative factors to positive factors. ConclusionChinese scholars or institutions need to strengthen more domestic and international exchanges and cooperation. Scholars from different countries can carry out cross-cultural study on research topics of common concern， and continue to explore the positive psychological changes of teenagers in the post-epidemic era.［Funded by National Social Science Foundation 2020 Education Youth Project of 13th Five-Year Plan （number， CHA200259）］
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Objective:To establish an in vitro capsular bag model and compare the inhibitory effects of different 360° square-edge intraocular lens (IOL) on lens epithelial cells (LECs) migration. Methods:In vitro capsular bag model with posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was established using Transwell compartment, cell climbing slices, human collagen type Ⅳ, and IOL.The models were divided into Plate-loop HydroSmart group, C-loop HydroSmart group, and C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group according to the different square-edge IOL implanted.A blank control group was set using the Transwell compartment without IOL.The early PCO pathological manifestations in lens epithelial cell line SRA01/04 cultured in the Transwell compartment were observed with an inverted microscope.The cell morphology in different groups was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.The cell counting and cell migration inhibition rate of anterior capsule and posterior capsule were calculated by Transwell assay and cell-exclusion zone assay, respectively. Results:The early pathological characteristics of PCO, such as early Soemmering ring and small Elschnig pearl, could be found in cells in the in vitro capsular bag model after 48-hour culture.The migrating cells in model groups were fibrous.No changes mentioned above were found in blank control group.The number of migrating cells in the anterior capsule of Plate-loop HydroSmart group, C-loop HydroSmart group, C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group was 18.80±5.53, 24.67±9.80, and 34.47±10.80, respectively, and the number of migrating cells in the optical area of the posterior capsule of the three groups was 56.43±9.00, 162.20±16.38, and 121.30±12.01, respectively.The cell migration inhibition rate in the anterior capsule of Plate-loop HydroSmart group, C-loop HydroSmart group, C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group was (92.02±1.94)%, (89.76±3.10)%, (86.27±4.54)%, respectively, and the cell migration inhibition rate in optical area of the posterior capsule of the three groups was (91.60±3.65)%, (70.14±5.35)%, (78.43±3.48)%, respectively.The number of migrating cells in the anterior capsule was lower and the cell migration rate inhibition was higher in Plate-loop HydroSmart group than C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group, with significant differences (both at P<0.05). The number of migrating cells in the optical area of the posterior capsule and the cell migration inhibition rate was greater than those of C-loop HydroSmart group and C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group, showing statistically significant differences (all at P<0.001). Conclusions:The in vitro capsular bag model can be used in PCO research.Compared with C-loop HydroSmart IOL and C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic IOL, Plate-loop HydroSmart IOL can more effectively inhibit the migration of LECs to the optical area of the posterior capsule.
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Objective To explore the difference in ocular biologically effective ultraviolet irradiance in two areas with different altitudes ,Xichang and Shaoxing,and provide a reference basis for ocular UV protection. Methods A self?designed rotating mannequin and dual?detector spectrome?ter were used to monitor the intensity of ocular exposure to UV irradiation under clear skies in Xichang and Shaoxing. Monitoring data were pro?cessed and analyzed with AvaSoft 7.4 USB2 software and OriginPro 8.0 software. Results The diurnal variations of ocular biologically effective ul?traviolet irradiance exhibited bimodal distribution in Xichang and Shaoxing. The maximum UVBEcorn,UVBEconj,and UVBElens of Xichang were about 1.7 times,2 times,and 1.8 times that of Shaoxing,respectively. Under the same solar elevation angle,the biologically effective ultraviolet irra?diance of the cornea,conjunctiva,and lens in Xichang were higher than those of Shaoxing. Conclusion The diurnal variations of ocular biologi?cally effective ultraviolet irradiance exhibit bimodal distribution in areas at two different altitudes. Under the same solar elevation angle ,the biologi?cally effective ultraviolet irradiance of the cornea,conjunctiva,and lens of Xichang are significantly higher than those of Shaoxing.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This work explores the diurnal variation of Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and total solar radiation (TSR) in northeast China, using daily observations of UVR and TSR in Shenyang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>UVR and TSR measurements were carried out from March 1st, 2006 to December 31st, 2009 in Shenyang, Liaoning province, China (41°51' N, 123°27' E).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both TSR and UVR showed seasonal variation, reaching the highest levels in summer and the lowest in winter. They showed the greatest fluctuation in summer and autumn. The irradiance of TSR and UVR on clear days around the equinoxes and solstices increased substantially compared with the mean seasonal irradiance, especially in autumn. The whole day accumulated dose of UVR in winter was far less than that during the middle part of a summer day (i.e. between 10:00 and 14:00). It was also less than the accumulated summer dose of morning and afternoon (i.e. between 8:00 and 10:00 and 14:00 and 16:00).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The instant irradiance and daily accumulated amount of UVR are low in Shenyang, especially in autumn and winter. Thus concern about the health effects arising because shortage of UVR in northeast China is warranted.</p>
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China , Radiation Monitoring , Seasons , Sunlight , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
Objective To study the antagonism of glutathione(GSH) and taurine on acute oxidative damage caused by mercury(Hg). Methods 32 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. The rats of control group were given 0.9% saline by subcutaneous injections. The rats in mercuric chloride (HgCl2) group were subcutaneously injected with 2.5 mg/kg HgCl2. Rats of the other two groups were pretreated with 3 mmol/kg GSH and 4 mmol/kg taurine, respectively and two hours later injected subcutaneously with 2.5 mg/kg HgCl2. Urine creatine and mercury contents were determined; mercury level, contents of GSH, MDA and GSH-Px in liver and kidney were evaluated. Results Compared with the control, urine mercury level, level of mercury in liver and in the renal cortex, contents of GSH, MDA and GSH-Px in kidney in the group treated with 2.5 mg/kg HgCl2 were significantly increased. In the rats pretreated with GSH and taurine, contents of MDA in kidney were significantly decreased compared with those treated with mercury only. The levels of GSH-Px in kidney in the group pretreated with GSH and taurine were significantly higher than that not only in the mercury group but also in the control. Compared with the mercury group, levels of mercury in urine and liver in GSH pretreated group were distinctly reduced. Conclusion Pretreated with GSH and taurine have certain protection for the acute oxidative damage caused by mercury.