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OBJECTIVE@#Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious respiratory dysfunction caused by pathogen or physical invasion. The strong induced inflammation often causes death. Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA) is the major constituent of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and has been shown to display anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of Tan-IIA on ALI.@*METHODS@#A murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI was used. The lungs and serum samples of mice were extracted at 3 days after treatment. ALI-induced inflammatory damages were confirmed from cytokine detections and histomorphology observations. Effects of Tan-IIA were investigated using in vivo and in vitro ALI models. Tan-IIA mechanisms were investigated by performing Western blot and flow cytometry experiments. A wound-healing assay was performed to confirm the Tan-IIA function.@*RESULTS@#The cytokine storm induced by LPS treatment was detected at 3 days after LPS treatment, and alveolar epithelial damage and lymphocyte aggregation were observed. Tan-IIA treatment attenuated the LPS-induced inflammation and reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines released not only by inhibiting neutrophils, but also by macrophage. Moreover, we found that macrophage activation and polarization after LPS treatment were abrogated after applying the Tan-IIA treatment. An in vitro assay also confirmed that including the Tan-IIA supplement increased the relative amount of the M2 subtype and decreased that of M1. Rebalanced macrophages and Tan-IIA inhibited activations of the nuclear factor-κB and hypoxia-inducible factor pathways. Including Tan-IIA and macrophages also improved alveolar epithelial repair by regulating macrophage polarization.@*CONCLUSION@#This study found that while an LPS-induced cytokine storm exacerbated ALI, including Tan-IIA could prevent ALI-induced inflammation and improve the alveolar epithelial repair, and do so by regulating macrophage polarization.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Abietanes , Acute Lung Injury/drug therapy , Cytokine Release Syndrome , Cytokines , Inflammation/drug therapy , Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity , Macrophage Activation , Macrophages , Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effect of a wrist brace on activities of spastic hemiplegic hand after stroke, based on Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection and electrical stimulation. Methods:From January, 2016 to December, 2018, 52 stroke patients with spastic hemiplegia on upper extremities accepted BTX-A injection, and electrical stimulation two days later, while group A (n = 26) wore a wrist brace during stimulation and group B (n = 26) did not. They were assessed with modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Box and Block test (BBt) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) before treatment (T0), and two (T1), four (T2) and twelve 12 (T3) weeks after treatment. Results:The scores of MAS, BBt and ARAT improved after treatment in both groups (Ftime > 118.32,P < 0.001), and improved more in group A than in group B in the scores of BBt and ARAT at each time point (Fgroup > 31.26,P < 0.001;Finteract = 10.65,P < 0.001). Conclusion:Based on the BTX-A injection and electrical stimulation, wearing a wrist brace would further improve the activities of hand for stroke patients.
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BACKGROUND: Proteomics is a well studied research method, but its application in the non-surgical treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion (LIDP) is little reported. OBJECTIVE: To screen the differentially expressed proteins in patients with LIDP but without blood stasis before and after non-surgical treatment by proteomics. METHODS: Sixty patients with LIDP but without blood stasis were selected, and treated with non-surgical treatment for 4 weeks. The differentially expressed proteins were screened and identified by iTRAQ combined with LC-MS/MS. The bioinformatics analysis of the identified proteins was carried out, and the curative effectiveness was investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with those before treatment, the Visual Analogue Scale scores were significantly (P ＜ 0.05), the Japanese Orthopedic Association scores were significantly increased decreased (P ＜ 0.05), and the excellent and good rate reached 95.0% post-treatment. A total of 300 differentially expressed proteins were screened and 25 significantly expressed proteins were identified (P ＜0.05). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that nine of the significantly expressed proteins were enriched to 15 KEGG signaling pathways. These results suggest that the use of Western medicine non-surgical treatment for the LIDP without blood stasis can achieve satisfactory results. Besides, complement C1qA, cDNA protein (FLJ60724), complement C4B frameshift mutation, cDNA protein (FLJ53025), mannose binding protein C, apolipoprotein B, hemoglobin α-1 globin chain variant, hemoglobin β subunit and cDNA protein (FLJ76254) may be the potential serum markers of the non-surgical treatment for the LIDP without non-blood stasis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the degree and changes of cervical spinal canal stenosis by MRI scans in flexion and extension of the cervical vertebrae.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty cases of cervical stenosis included 13 male and 17 female with an average age of 39 years ranging from 28 to 66 years. The sagittal diameter of cervical spinal canal were below 10 mm (absolute stenosis) in 12 cases,within 10 to 12 mm (correspondence stenosis) in 18 cases. MRI scans in neutrality, flexion, extension performanced and the degree of cervical spinal canal stenosis and the changes of spinal cord compression were evaluated after MRI scans obtained.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nineteen patients of extension occurrenced stenosis more serious, 8 patients of flexion occurrenced (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For the cervical stenosis imaging diagnostic, flexion and extension of cervical MRI scan can be used to supplement conventional MRI examination neutral position, and the extension of MRI is more sensitivity than neutral position and flexion bit.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cervical Vertebrae , Diagnostic Imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Methods , Radiography , Spinal Stenosis , Diagnosis , Diagnostic ImagingABSTRACT
0.05).Conclusions Early injection of L-carnosine would not only improve cerebral oxidative phosphorylation,relieve neuronal injury of repeated FS,but play a role in the protection of neuronal cells.
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Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of Yupingfeng powder in secondary immunodeficiency caused by simple nephrotic syndrome(SNS) in children.Methods Seventy-eight cases of SNS patients were divided into 2 groups randomly.One was control group which were treated with immunosuppressant only.The other group was Yupingfeng powder group which were treated with both immunosuppressant and Yupingfeng powder.The morbidity of infection,the relapse rate of SNS,and serum immunoglobulin IgA and IgG and the T-lymphocytes subtype were detected before and after treatment in two groups.Results The morbidity with infection was 55.3% in Yupingfeng powder group,which shows a remarkable decrease compared with control group(85%).The relapse rate of SNS was 39.5% in Yupingfeng powder group which was much lower than that in control group(67.5%).The level of serum IgA and IgG before treatment were(3.88?1.22) g/L and(0.83?0.14) g/L and rose up to(10.06?1.89) g/L and(1.38?0.10) g/L after treatment in Yupingfeng powder group.Whereas the control group with(6.23?1.55) g/L and(0.85?0.13) g/L was remarkably lower than those in Yupingfeng powder group.CD4+,CD8+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ were(37.91?3.89)%,(30.69?3.08)% and(1.24?0.49)% respectively before treatment.They rose up to(42.38?4.89)%,(26.01?2.20)% and(1.63?0.41)% respectively in Yupingfeng powder group,while those in control group were(39.87?3.91)%,(29.76?3.55)% and(1.34?0.24)% respectively after treatment.Conclusion It is feasible to treat the Yupingfeng powder to cure the of secondary immunodeficiency caused by SNS in children.
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Objective To explore the effect of L-carnosine on neuronal cell apoptosis in young rats with experimental febrile seizures(FS).Methods Forty 15-day SD rats were randomly divided into intervention group(n=30)and FS group(n=10).Warm water was used to induce 10 times FS.The intervention group was divided into E,G and H group,10 rats in each group.Intraperitoneal injection of L-carnosine(250 mg/kg)was separately given to the rats in E group,G group and H group respectively after 30,60 and 120 min of seizure.FS group were induced FS,but they were not given intervention.The rats were sacrificed at 12 hours after the last seizure.Neuronal cell apoptosis was determined by terminal eoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)in situ cell death kit.TUNEL positive cells were stained and counted as apoptosis in hippocampus and cortex.Ultrastructural changes of apoptosis neurons were observed under the electron microscope.Results The neuronal cells apoptosis count was 25.37?1.95 in FS group,12.36?1.13 in E group,17.85?2.04 in G group,and 22.69?2.69 in H group.Neuronal apoptosis of FS group was apparently higher than that of interventional groups(F=10.75 P0.05).Under the electron microscope,neuronal damage on hippocampal CA1 area and dentate gyrus of FS group and H group was obviously higher than that of E group.Conclusions Early injection of L-carnosine would not only relieve neuronal apoptosis of repeated FS,but also play a role in the protection of neuronal cells.