Ethanol Extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch: Antidiarrheal Activity in Mice and Contraction Effect in Isolated Rabbit Jejunum / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch root (GFR) in vivo and jejunal contraction in vitro.@*METHODS@#In vivo, 50 mice were divided into negative control, positive control (verapamil), low-, medium- and high-dose GFR (250, 500, 1,000 mg/kg) groups by a random number table, 10 mice in each group. The antidiarrheal activity was evaluated in castor oil-induced diarrhea mice model by evacuation index (EI). In vitro, the effects of GFR (0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, and 10 g/L) on the spontaneous contraction of isolated smooth muscle of rabbit jejunum and contraction of pretreated by Acetylcholine (ACh, 10 µmol/L) and KCl (60 mmol/L) were observed for 200 s. In addition, CaCl2 was accumulated to further study its mechanism after pretreating jejunal smooth muscle with GFR (1 and 3 g/L) or verapamil (0.03 and 0.1 µmol/L) in a Ca2+-free-high-K+ solution containing ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA).@*RESULTS@#GFR (500 and 1,000 mg/kg) significantly reduced EI in castor oil-induced diarrhea model mice (P<0.01). Meanwhile, GFR (0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, and 10 g/L) inhibited the spontaneous contraction of rabbit jejunum (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Contraction of jejunums samples pretreated by ACh and KCl with 50% effective concentration (EC50) values was 1.05 (0.71-1.24), 0.34 (0.29-0.41) and 0.15 (0.11-0.20) g/L, respectively. In addition, GFR moved the concentration-effect curve of CaCl2 down to the right, showing a similar effect to verapamil.@*CONCLUSIONS@#GFR can effectively against diarrhea and inhibit intestinal contraction, and these antidiarrheal effects may be based on blocking L-type Ca2+ channels and muscarinic receptors.

Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of acquired herceptin resistance in gastric cancer cells / 药学学报

This study was designed to explore proteins differentially expressed in HER2 positive gastric cancer N87 cells and N87/R cells with an acquired resistance to herceptin based on label-free quantitative proteomics. The extracted proteins were reduced and alkylated, then digested using filter aided sample preparation (FASP); peptides were separated via small manual reversed phase column, analyzed by LC-MS/MS, and identified with protein database 2.1 search engine. Proteins were quantified by intensity based quantification (IBQ) to search for differential proteins by comparison with relatively quantified proteins. The enrichment and network construction in gene ontology (GO) terms, genes-disease and Wikipathway of differential proteins were established through Web Gestalt. A total of 8 509 proteins were detected, among them, 7 163 proteins were further analyzed by bioinformatics, of which 110 proteins were up-regulated and 70 were down-regulated in N87/R cells. The differential proteins showed a significant difference in cellular component, biological process and molecular function in GO terms, respectively. Genes-disease network analysis indicated the association of these differential proteins with neoplasm metastasis, neoplasm invasiveness and inflammation, etc. Wikipathway enrichment analysis revealed the relevance of several signaling pathways to herceptin resistance, which included IL-2, MAPK/ERK, mTOR, aurora A, Ret, NF-κB, immune-regulatory and metabolic pathway. Western blot showed a significant increase of ERK1/2 activities in N87/R cells compared with N87 cells. Correspondingly, SCH772984, a MAPK/ERK inhibitor, preferentially reduced the viability of N87/R cells. Taken together, our data suggested that the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway is one of the key pathways that mediate herceptin resistance. This study provides the basic information for exploring the mechanisms of acquired resistance to herceptin in gastric cancer cells.

Association of gene polymorphism of CXCL10 and CXCL12 with tuberculosis susceptibility / 天津医药

Objective To explore the relationship of chemokines CXCL10-135G/A and CXCL12 -801G/A gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to tuberculosis. Methods CXCL10-135G/A and CXCL12-801G/A polymorphisms of 102 tuberculosis patients(case group)and 115 healthy controls(control group)were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and the relationship between the two polymorphisms and susceptibility to tuberculosis were analyzed. Results The genotype analysis of CXCL10-135G/A and CXCL12-801G/A was in accord with the law of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the case group and the control group. The differences of genotype and allele distribution frequency of CXCL10-135G/A were statistically significant between the case group and the control group(all P<0.05).The frequency of G allele distribution was higher in the case group than that in the control group, and the frequency of A allele distribution was lower than that in the control group.There were no significant differences in genotype and allele distribution frequency of CXCL12-801G/A polymorphism between the case group and the control group (all P>0.05).Conclusion Chemokine CXCL10-135G/A gene polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis,and CXCL12-801G/A gene polymorphism may not be associated with tuberculosis infection.

Key elements to break through registration barriers on traditional Chinese medicine in EU / 中国中药杂志

The EU is an international bridge of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and TCM in EU is of strategic importance. In this paper the progress on policies and regulations and approved products of herbal medical products in EU in 10 years were briefly reviewed, registration regulations were systematically, studied and some typical cases were analyzed. To provide reference for successful registration of TCM in EU and implementation of international strategy of TCM, five key elements (i. e. registration classification, approval procedure, approval authority, application product and application enterprise) to break through the registration barriers on TCM in EU were putted forwards correspondingly.

Clinical characteristics, cytogenetic and molecular findings in patients with disorders of sex development / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The clinical characteristics of patients with disorders of sex development (DSD), and the diagnostic values of classic cytogenetic and molecular genetic assays for DSD were investigated. In the enrolled 56 cases, there were 9 cases of 46,XY DSD, 6 cases of Turner syndrome (TS), one case of Super female syndrome, 25 cases of Klinefelter syndrome, 14 cases of 46,XX DSD, and one case of autosomal balanced rearrangements with hypospadias. The diagnosis of sex was made through physical examination, cytogenetic assay, ultrasonography, gonadal biopsy and hormonal analysis. PCR was used to detect SRY, ZFX, ZFY, DYZ3 and DYZ1 loci on Y and X chromosomes respectively. The DSD patients with the same category had similar clinical characteristics. The karyotypes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of all patients were identified. PCR-based analysis showed presence or absence of the X/Y-linked loci in several cases. Of the 9 cases of 46,XY DSD, 6 were positive for SRY, 9 for ZFX/ZFY, 9 for DYZ3 and 8 for DYZ1 loci. Of the 6 cases of TS, only 1 case with the karyotype of 45,X,/46,XX/46,XY was positive for all 5 loci. Of the 25 cases of Klinefelter syndrome, all were positive for all 5 loci. In one case of rare Klinefelter syndrome variants azoospermia factor (AZF) gene detection revealed the loss of the AZFa+AZFb region. In 14 cases of 46,XX DSD, 7 cases were positive for SRY, 14 for ZFX, 7 for ZFY, 7 for ZYZ3, and 5 for DYZ1. PCR can complement and also confirm cytogenetic studies in the diagnosis of sex in cases of DSD.

Clinical characteristics, cytogenetic and molecular findings in patients with disorders of sex development / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The clinical characteristics of patients with disorders of sex development (DSD), and the diagnostic values of classic cytogenetic and molecular genetic assays for DSD were investigated. In the enrolled 56 cases, there were 9 cases of 46,XY DSD, 6 cases of Turner syndrome (TS), one case of Super female syndrome, 25 cases of Klinefelter syndrome, 14 cases of 46,XX DSD, and one case of autosomal balanced rearrangements with hypospadias. The diagnosis of sex was made through physical examination, cytogenetic assay, ultrasonography, gonadal biopsy and hormonal analysis. PCR was used to detect SRY, ZFX, ZFY, DYZ3 and DYZ1 loci on Y and X chromosomes respectively. The DSD patients with the same category had similar clinical characteristics. The karyotypes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of all patients were identified. PCR-based analysis showed presence or absence of the X/Y-linked loci in several cases. Of the 9 cases of 46,XY DSD, 6 were positive for SRY, 9 for ZFX/ZFY, 9 for DYZ3 and 8 for DYZ1 loci. Of the 6 cases of TS, only 1 case with the karyotype of 45,X,/46,XX/46,XY was positive for all 5 loci. Of the 25 cases of Klinefelter syndrome, all were positive for all 5 loci. In one case of rare Klinefelter syndrome variants azoospermia factor (AZF) gene detection revealed the loss of the AZFa+AZFb region. In 14 cases of 46,XX DSD, 7 cases were positive for SRY, 14 for ZFX, 7 for ZFY, 7 for ZYZ3, and 5 for DYZ1. PCR can complement and also confirm cytogenetic studies in the diagnosis of sex in cases of DSD.

Design, synthesis and activities of novel benzothiazole derivatives containing arylpiperazine / 药学学报

Twenty-four novel benzothiazole derivatives containing arylpiperazine were designed and synthesized by bioisosterism principle. Anti-proliferative effect of these synthesized compounds against four cancer cell and two normal cell lines were evaluated in vitro by the standard MTT assay. Pharmacological test showed that most of the compounds exhibited potent antitumor activity. Some of the compounds (II2, II3, II6, II7) showed strong anti-proliferation activities against HepG2 and HeLa229 cell lines with the IC 50 values of 1.6-4.5 micromol x L(-1) and 2.5-5.3 micromol x L(-1), respectively, and compounds having cyan in p-substituted benzene ring (I4, I8, I12, II4, II8 and II12) were found to have better antitumor activities against AsPC-1 cell lines with the IC50 values of 5.2-11.3 micromol x L(-1). The structure-activity relationship of benzothiazole derivatives containing arylpiperazine was also discussed preliminarily.

Closed-loop management model of clinical investigational product for new drug of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

This paper discussed the management regulations and technical requirements of clinical investigational product for new drug of traditional Chinese medicine, analyzed some common problems on the management of them, and proposed the establishment of closed-loop management model and management requirements in various aspects.

Study on registration administration of extracts of traditional Chinese medicine and its preparation / 中国中药杂志

This paper studied the status of registration administration of extracts of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its preparation, discussed some factors which affect the quality of extracts of TCM and its preparation, and puted forward some suggestions to strengthen the registration administration of extracts of TCM and its preparation such as clear positioning and legal basis, improving and enhancing quality standards, implementing of record management and so on.

Cytogenetics and Y chromosome AZF microdeletions in infertile patients with mosaic karyotype Klinefelter syndrome (46,XY/47,XXY/48, XXYY/49,XXXXY) / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe peripheral blood chromosome abnormality and microdeletions of the SRY and AZF genes on the Y chromosome in patients with chimera Klinefelter syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We analyzed the cytogenetic karyotype of the peripheral blood chromosome in 1 infertile patient with mosaic karyotype Klinefelter syndrome and his parents. We identified 9 sequence tagged sites (STS) by multiplex PCR: sY84, sY86, sY127, sY129, sY134, sY254, sY255, sY242, and sY152. Meanwhile we detected the SRYgene and the microdeletion of AZF using ZFX/ZFY as the internal control gene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The karyotype of the patient was 46,XY (12%)/47,XXY (30%)/48,XXYY (56%)/49,XXXXY (2%). The karyotypes of his parents were normal. Consistency was found between the SRY gene and the chromosome gender in the patient and his parents. Y chromosome AZF microdeletion was observed in the patient. The deletion sites were sY86 and sY127, and the deletion type was AZFa + AZFb.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AZF microdeletion of the Y chromosome exists in patients with Klinefelter syndrome. Chromosome karyotype and Y-chromosome AZF microdeletion are important criteria for the genetic diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome.</p>

The efficacy of intravessel obstructive therapy in primary liver cancer patients complicated with intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate the efficacy of interventional obstructive therapy for patients with liver cancer complicated with intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight of 56 patients with liver cancer complicated with intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula, confirmed by angiography, were treated with interventional obstructive therapy. The manifestations of the angiography, abdominal distention, ascites, and 24 hour urine output of the patients were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The arteriovenous fistula connected with the main branches of hepatic artery were embolized effectively by interventional method. (2) After the treatment, the abdominal distention alleviated remarkably (x2 =13.59, P < 0.01), the amount of ascites decreased, 24 hour urine output increased significantly (t = 13.57, P < 0.01) and quality of life improved. (3) The lifespan of the treated patients was prolonged after the embolization therapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Interventional embolization is an effective palliative therapy for patients with liver cancer complicated with severe ascites and intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula. The good results of this therapy were associated with its effect in decreasing portal hypertension of the patients.</p>