ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the mechanism of cisplatin-induced renal interstitial fibrosis and provide a new idea for the prevention and treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis.Methods:Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice (specific pathogen-free) were used to carry out the experiment. The mice were divided into cisplatin group (10 mg/kg, n=6) and saline group ( n=6) with intraperitoneal injection on day 0, 7 and 21, and sacrificed on day 28. The kidney tissues were collected for RNA Illumina high-throughput sequencing, real-time PCR, Western blotting, Masson staining and bioinformatics analysis. Results:Through real-time PCR, Western blotting and Masson staining, a mouse model with cisplatin-induced renal interstitial fibrosis was successfully established. Through RNA Illumina high-throughput sequencing, 387 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and 2 427 mRNA were differently expressed between cisplatin group and saline group. The expression of the top two lncRNA was confirmed by real-time PCR with the same tendency as RNA sequencing. Complement C3 was found to be at the top among the different expressed mRNA by RNA sequencing. Several terms related to immunity were found to be within the top 20 terms through Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Systemic lupus erythematous pathway (ko05322, Q=3.4E-17), including the complement cascade pathway, was found to be the top pathway through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. The mRNA expression levels of C1q, C2, C3 and C4 were up-regulated remarkably in the cisplatin group by RNA sequencing than those in saline group (all P<0.05) and confirmed by real-time PCR. Conclusions:Renal interstitial fibrosis can be induced by intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin periodically in mice, with complement cascade pathway activation in the diseased kidney.
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Objective To analyze the characteristics of preoperative CTO lesions by coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and to compare the lesion characteristics and clinical data of patients with subsequent vs failed PCI.Methods A total of 113 patients were randomly selected and 116 vessels were analyzed by CCTA before PCI.The patients were further investigated as PCI success group vs PCI failure group according to their PCI result.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors that affected the success of CTO intervention.The ROC curve was used to determine and evaluate the CT-CTO score and J-CTO score for diagnostic efficacy.Results The success rate of PCI was 55.2％.64 lesions were successfully opened,with the success rate of 72.4％.The prevalence of smoking in patients in the PCI failure group was significantly higher than that in PCI success group (65.4％ vs.42.2％,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups in age,gender,history of hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and myocardial infarction(P ＞ 0.05).Statistical differences were observed between the PCI success group and the PCI failure group in the presence of occlusion segment head-end bifurcation,occlusion severe incision,severe calcification (calcification ≥ 180°),occlusion segment length ≥ 20 mm,occlusion of calcification lesions,occlusion segment distal shape of the unambiguous of fiber cap shape of the distal occlusion segment under CCTA(P ＜ 0.05).In the PCI failure group,approximately 17.3％ of the patients had previous attempt to open the CTO lesions,which were higher than the PCI success group (9.4％).However,The difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the unambiguous distal fibrous cap of the occlusion segment and the occlusion of the proximal branch and the occlusion length ≥20 mm were the main factors affecting the failure of CTO intervention.In terms of prediction,the predictive value 30 CT-CTO score yielded a higher area under the ROC curve than that of the J-CTO score (0.8776 vs 0.7387,P ≤ 0.05).Conclusion CT angiography can predict the success rate of intervention for CTO lesions.Compared with J-CTO score,CT-CTO score has a higher predictive value.Unambiguous fiber cap shape,occlusion segment head end bifurcation,occlusion segment length ≥20 mm were the independent risk factors that affecting the success of CTO operation.
ABSTRACT
Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture is a common type of maxillofacial fracture. In addition to facial depression and diplopia, paresthesia of the lower eyelid, malar regions, nose skin, upper lip skin, and mucous membranes occurs because of infraorbital nerve injury. This article reviewed the anatomy, diagnosis, assessment, treatment, and prognosis of ZMC fracture-related infraorbital nerve injury.