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Objective To investigate the relationship between lean mass and bone mineral content (BMC)and bone mineral density(BMD)in normal and increased BMI overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Seventy-two patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nantong from June 2014 to August 2016 were selected in this study.According to body mass index (BMI),the patients were divided into the normal group(BMI<24 kg/m2)and the obese diabetic group(BMI=24 kg/m2).The systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),fasting blood glucose(FBG),glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c),blood lipids(TC,TG, HDL-C,LDL-C),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),creatinine(Cre),calcium(Ca),phosphorus(P)and serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D(25OHD)were measured.The bone mineral density(BMD),bone mineral content (BMC),body fat percentage(BF%),lean body mass(LBM),fat mass(FM),and the ratio of male fat to female fat(A/G)were measured by dual energy X-ray(DXA).The above indicators were statistically analyzed.Results 25OHD in the obese diabetic group was(17.1+ 12.6)μg/L,lower than that in the normal diabetic group((23.8±8.2)μg/L)(P<0.05),but BMI,WC,BMD,BMC,%BF,FM in the obese diabetic group(BMI:(27.8±2.1)kg/m2,WC:(96.8±7.9)cm,BMD:(1.12±0.14)g/cm2,BMC:(2.47±0.38) kg,fat and fat percentage:(1.18±0.23))were higher than those in the normal group(BMI:(22.3±1.7)kg/m2,WC:(84.5 + 7.9)cm,BMD:(0.93 ± 0.13)g/cm2,BMC:(2.02 ± 0.28)kg,fat and fat percentage:(2.02±0.28))(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between LBM and BMC in different parts of the body(R=0.37,0.37,0.35,0.43,P<0.05,P<0.001).The ratio of BMI and A/G was also positively correlated with BMC and BMD(r=0.38,0.31,0.28,0.33,0.27,0.25,0.23,0.37,P<0.05,P<0.001).There was a negative correlation between body fat percentage and BMC,BMD(r=-0.30,-0.27,-0.25,-0.33,P<0.05,P<0.001).After correction of age,sex,BMI and 25OHD,multiple linear regression analysis was used to indicate that LBM was a strong predictor of BMC(regression coefficient=0.210,P=0.001).Conclusion In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,BMC and BMD increased significantly in patients with elevated BMC,and lean body weight was a strong influencing factor for BMI.
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The effect of nateglinide or sequential treatment with metformin on glycemic stability in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes was investigated. Thirty-four cases of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes received nateglinide therapy, or sequential treatment with metformin according to fasting and postprandial blood glucose, and were classified into isolated nateglinide therapy group(n=14) and sequentially treated with metformin group(n=20). Glycemic stability, reflected by mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE) and HbA1C, was determined in all patients before and after therapy for three months. HbA1C and MAGE in two groups were all improved after treatment(P＜0.05). The therapy of nateglinide alone or combined with metformin can significantly improve glycemic stability in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
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ObjectiveTo observe the effect of the combined therapy of ginkgo-dipyridimolum and mecobalamin for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).MethodsA total of 102 DPN cases were randomly divided into treatment group(n =50) and control group(n =52).The treatment group was given ginkgo-dipyridimolum and mecobalamin, and the control group was given only mecobalamin for 4 weeks.We observed the change of symptom and sign of both groups before and after treatment,and the MNCV and SNCV of median nerve,ulnar nerve and peroneal nerve were detected.ResultsIn the treatment group, the improvement of DPN symptoms (x2 = 10.090, P ＜ 0.01) and nervous conducting speed were much more obvious than that in the control group(MNCV of median nerve, ulnar nerve and peroneal nerve was(49.12 ± 3.32) m/s, (52.11 ± 3.12) m/s and(47.32 ± 3.21) m/s respectively; SNCV of median nerve,ulnar nerve and peroneal nerve was(47.13 ± 2.56) m/s, (55.12 ± 2.31) m/s, (46.78 ± 2.66) m/s respectively,all P ＜0.05).ConclusionThe combined therapy of ginkgo-dipyridimolum and mecobalamin could effectively improve the therapeutic outcome of DPN, and the treatment was safe and worthy of widespread use.
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In order to explore the effect of glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on the motor neurons of the spinal cord, the present study investigated the localization of GDNF in the lumbar segment of the spinal cord on postnatal 1、3、7、10、14 and 28 days in rats with immunohistochemical staining method. The results showed that the positive GDNF immunoreactivity was present in the motor neurons of the ventral horn on postnatal 1、7 and 28 days, the motor neurons on postnatal 3 days were also weakly stained in rats,and some neurons of the dorsal horn and some glial cells had positive immunoreactivity. Furthermore, GDNF was found in the glial cell of the dorsal root in all groups of the postnatal spinal cord. The present results suggested that GDNF might play important roles in the development and function of the motor neurons of the spinal cord. More experiments should be done to explain why there is no positive immunoreactivity in the motor neurons between postnatal 7 and 28 days.
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Objective To study effects of GDNF and HSV GDNF on apoptosis of spinal cord motoneurons after scratch injury in vitro. Methods In the period of culture cell,motor neurons were periodically observed and counted.Scratch injury was executed on culturing 12th day,in the same time,cultured neurons were divided into 4 groups,and each group was given corresponding medium(medium serum free control group,serum group,HSV GDNF group,GDNF group).On the 4th and 7th day after scratch injury,TUNEL staining was respectively performed,and the number and the mean densities of apoptotic motoneurons were observed. Results The number of living motoneurons was in inverse proportion to time of scratch injury in each group.The number of apoptotic motoneurons from control group,HSV GDNF group to GDNF group was successively decreased as well as the mean densities of apoptotic motoneurons on the 4th and 7th day after scratch injury.Furthermore,the effects of groups with serum were no better than those of medium serum free groups,in the same time,difference was not obviously in HSV GDNF group and GDNF group. Conclusion GDNF and HSV GDNF can decrease apoptosis of injured motoneurons in vitro .It suggests that GDNF and HSV GDNF might play an important role in the growth and development of motor neurons.