Correlation between fetal cranial nervous system malformation and chromosome abnormality / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between fetal cranial nervous system malformation and chromosome abnormality.Methods The pregnant women with fetal cerebral nervous system dysplasia were collected from January 2013 to August 2018 at the Prenatal Diagnostic Center of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.The fetus was diagnosed by ultrasonography and karyotype analysis.Results A total of 18 cases of abnormal karyotypes were detected from 85 patient samples,and the abnormal rates were 21.18％.Single cranial nervous system malformation was found in 47 cases,abnormal karyotypes in 4 cases,multiple system malformation in 38 cases,and abnormal karyotypes in 14 cases,and the abnormal karyotype rate of multiple system malformation was higher than that of single cranial nervous malformation (36.84％ vs.8.51％,x2 =10.101,P =0.001 5).And the 88.89％ (16/18 cases) of abnormal karyotypes were founded in the early and middle pregnancy (≤ 28 weeks).The abnormal karyotype detection rates of cranial nervous system malformation associated with cardiovascular,skeletal and limb,facial neck abnormalities were 58.82％ (10/17 cases),50.00％ (6/12 cases) and 50.00％ (9/18 cases),respectively.In the fetal phenotypes,the abnormal karyotype detection rates of choroid plexus cysts were up to 64.29％,followed by arachnoid cysts (50.00％),craniocerebral abnormalities (45.45％) and holoprosencephaly (36.36％).Conclusions Chromosomal aneuploidy or structural abnormalities can lead to abnormal development of the fetal cranial nervous system,in which the rates of abnormal karyotypes on fetal cranial nervous with cardiovascular malformation and choroid plexus cysts are the highest.

High-resolution Mapping of Hyperglycemia-induced Gastric Slow Wave Dysrhythmias

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is now recognised that gastric dysrhythmias are best characterised by their spatial propagation pattern. Hyperglycemia is an important cause of gastric slow wave dysrhythmia, however, the spatiotemporal patterns of dysrhythmias in this context have not been investigated. This study aims to investigate the relationship between hyperglycemia and the patterns of dysrhythmias by employing high-resolution (multi-electrode) mapping simultaneously at the anterior and posterior gastric serosa. METHODS: High-resolution mapping (8 × 16 electrodes per serosal) was performed in 4 anesthetized hounds. Baseline recordings (21 ± 8 minutes) were followed by intravenous injection of glucagon (0.5 mg per dose) and further recordings (59 ± 15 minutes). Blood glucose levels were monitored manually using a glucose sensing kit at regular 5-minute intervals. Slow wave activation maps, amplitudes, velocity, anisotropic ratio, and frequency were calculated. Differences were compared between baseline and post glucagon injection. RESULTS: Baseline slow waves propagated symmetrically and antegrade. The blood glucose levels were increased by an average of 112% compared to the baseline by the end of the recordings. All subjects demonstrated elevated incidence of slow wave dysrhythmias following injection compared to the baseline (48 ± 23% vs 6 ± 4%, P < 0.05). Dysrhythmias arose simultaneously or independently on anterior and posterior serosa. Spatial dysrhythmias occurred before and persisted after the onset and disappearance of temporal dysrhythmias. CONCLUSIONS: Infusion of glucagon induced gastric slow wave dysrhythmias, which occurred across a heterogeneous range of patterns and frequencies. The spatial dysrhythmias of gastric slow waves were shown to be more prevalent and persisted over a longer period of time compared to the temporal dysrhythmias.

Prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with trisomies of 11q23.3q25 and 22q11.1q11.21 / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the phenotype and pathogenesis of a fetus with a rare chromosomal abnormality.@*METHODS@#The fetus was analyzed by clinical prenatal ultrasonography, G-banding karyotyping and next generation sequencing (NGS).@*RESULTS@#Prenatal ultrasonography of the fetus showed Dandy-Walker syndrome, growth restriction, and right-heart system dysplasia. The fetus had a chromosomal karyotype of 47,XY,t(11;22)(q23.3;q11.2),+der(22)t(11;22). Duplication of 11q23.3q25 and 22q11.1q21 were also detected by NGS. The chromosomal translocation carried by the fetus was derived from his father.@*CONCLUSION@#Duplications of chromosome 11q23.3q25 and 22q11.1q11.21 segments probably underlie the Dandy-Walker syndrome, growth restriction, and hypoplasia of the right heart system in the fetus.

Correlation between fetal cranial nervous system malformation and chromosome abnormality / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective@#To investigate the correlation between fetal cranial nervous system malformation and chromosome abnormality.@*Methods@#The pregnant women with fetal cerebral nervous system dysplasia were collected from January 2013 to August 2018 at the Prenatal Diagnostic Center of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.The fetus was diagnosed by ultrasonography and karyotype analysis.@*Results@#A total of 18 cases of abnormal karyotypes were detected from 85 patient samples, and the abnormal rates were 21.18%.Single cranial nervous system malformation was found in 47 cases, abnormal karyotypes in 4 cases, multiple system malformation in 38 cases, and abnormal karyotypes in 14 cases, and the abnormal karyotype rate of multiple system malformation was higher than that of single cranial nervous malformation (36.84% vs.8.51%, χ2=10.101, P=0.001 5). And the 88.89%(16/18 cases)of abnormal karyotypes were founded in the early and middle pregnancy (≤28 weeks). The abnormal karyotype detection rates of cranial nervous system malformation associated with cardiovascular, skeletal and limb, facial neck abnormalities were 58.82% (10/17 cases), 50.00% (6/12 cases) and 50.00% (9/18 cases), respectively.In the fetal phenotypes, the abnormal karyotype detection rates of choroid plexus cysts were up to 64.29%, followed by arachnoid cysts (50.00%), craniocerebral abnormalities (45.45%) and holoprosencephaly (36.36%).@*Conclusions@#Chromosomal aneuploidy or structural abnormalities can lead to abnormal development of the fetal cranial nervous system, in which the rates of abnormal karyotypes on fetal cranial nervous with cardiovascular malformation and choroid plexus cysts are the highest.

Regulation of autophagy by tea polyphenols in diabetic cardiomyopathy / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of tea polyphenols on cardiac function in rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy, and the mechanism by which tea polyphenols regulate autophagy in diabetic cardiomyopathy.@*METHODS@#Sixty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into six groups: a normal control group (NC), an obesity group (OB), a diabetic cardiomyopathy group (DCM), a tea polyphenol group (TP), an obesity tea polyphenol treatment group (OB-TP), and a diabetic cardiomyopathy tea polyphenol treatment group (DCM-TP). After successful modeling, serum glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were determined; cardiac structure and function were inspected by ultrasonic cardiography; myocardial pathology was examined by staining with hematoxylin-eosin; transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology and quantity of autophagosomes; and expression levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3-II, SQSTM1/p62, and Beclin-1 were determined by Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Compared to the NC group, the OB group had normal blood glucose and a high level of blood lipids; both blood glucose and lipids were increased in the DCM group; ultrasonic cardiograms showed that the fraction shortening was reduced in the DCM group. However, these were improved significantly in the DCM-TP group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed disordered cardiomyocytes and hypertrophy in the DCM group; however, no differences were found among the remaining groups. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the numbers of autophagosomes in the DCM and OB-TP groups were obviously increased compared to the NC and OB groups; the number of autophagosomes in the DCM-TP group was reduced. Western blotting showed that the expression of LC3-II/I and Beclin-1 increased obviously, whereas the expression of SQSTM1/p62 was decreased in the DCM and OB-TP groups (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Tea polyphenols had an effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy in rat cardiac function and may alter the levels of autophagy to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetes.

Effects of dimethyltin chloride on renal H~+K~+-ATPase and Na~+K~+-ATPase activity in rats / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of dimethyltin chloride( DMT) on the activity of renal H~+K~+-ATPase( HKA)and Na~+K~+-ATPase( NKA) in SD rats. METHODS: i) In vitro experiment. Five specific pathogen free( SPF) healthy female SD rats were used. The kidney homogenates made with 0. 90% sodium chloride solution was added with DMT( mass concentration,1. 0 g/L) to make final concentrations of 0,1,25,125 and 625 mg/L respectively,then the HKA and NKA activities were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA). ii) In vivo experiment. Forty SPF healthy SD rats were divided into control group and exposure group,with 20 rats( 10 males and 10 females) in each group. The exposure group was given one-time intraperitoneal injection with DMT( 16. 000 mg / kg body weight),while the control group was given one-time intraperitoneal injection with same volume of 0. 90% sodium chloride solution. The rats were executed 1 and 24 hours after exposure. The kidney tissue was extracted to make kidney homogenates for determination of HKA and NKA activity by microplate reader. The blood from abdominal aorta was collected to measure the levels of serum K~+,Na~+and Cl-. RESULTS: i) In vitro experiment. The HKA activity was inhibited by DMT,and the effect of inhibition increased with the increase of DMT exposure dose( P < 0. 01),showing a dose-effect relationship. The DMT had no effect on NKA activity( P > 0. 05). ii) In vivo experiment. The body weight of rats at 24 hours time point in exposed group was lower than that in control group( P < 0. 01). The HKA activity of the kidney tissue in rats in exposed group was lower than that of control group( P < 0. 01). The NKA activity in kidney tissue of rats and the level serum K~+,Na~+and Cl-did not show statistical difference in main and interactive effects concerning treatment and exposure time( P > 0. 05). CONCLUSION: DMT could inhibit the HKA activity in kidney homogenates,but had no obvious effect on NKA activity.

The value of heart-type fatty acid binding protein in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) versus cardiac trofonin I (cTnI) and creatinekinase-MB (CK-MB) in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in elderly patients.Methods 67 patients with acute chest pain were selceted sequentially and divided into AMI group (n＝30) and non-AMI group (n=37).Plasma H-FABP level was rapidly detected by using colloidal gold reagent plate and solid phase immunochromatographic assay for qualitative determination within and after 6 hours of AMI onset.Plasma levels of cTnI and CK-MB were determined within and after 6 hours of onset.The diagnositic value of H-FABP,cTnI and CK-MB in AMI was compared within and after 6 hours of onset.Results The sensitivity of H-FABP was better than that of cTnI and CK-MB within 6 hours of onset (93.3％ vs.46.6％,23.3％,both P＜0.05).The negative predictive value of H-FABP was better than that of cTnI and CK-MB within 6 hours of onset (94.7％ vs.69.8％,61.1％,both P＜ 0.05) While,positive predictive value and specificity were basically the same between H-FABP,versus cTnI and CK-MB.H-FABP and cTnI levels had significant differences between AMI and non AMI group after 6 hours of onset (all P＜0.05).Plasma levels of cTnl and CK-MB were higher after 6 hours than within6 hours [cTnI (4.10±1.79) mg/L vs.(1.45±1.31) mg/L,CK MB(180.52± 158.70) U/L vs.(20.02± 7.97) U/L,both P＜0.05].Conclusions As compared with cTnI and CK-MB,within 6 hours after AMI onset,H-FABP as a new myocardial necrosis marker has higher sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values in the diagnosis of AMI.While,after 6 hours of AMI onset,H-FABP has the same diagnostic value as cTnI and CK-MB.

Relationship between 6-minute walk test and pulmonary function test in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with different severities / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The relationship between the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and pulmonary function test in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains unclear. We evaluate the correlation of 6MWT and spirometric parameters in stable COPD with different severities. 6MWT data assessed included three variables: the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), 6-minute walk work (6MWORK), and pulse oxygen desaturation rate (SPO(2)%).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>6MWT and pulmonary function test were assessed for 150 stable COPD patients with different severities. Means and standard deviations were calculated for the variables of interest. Analysis of variance was performed to compare means. Correlation coefficients were calculated for 6MWT data with the spirometric parameters and dyspnea Borg scale. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to screen pulmonary function-related predictors of 6MWT data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The three variables of 6MWT all varied as the severities of the disease. The 6MWD and 6MWORK both correlated with some spirometric parameters (positive or negative correlation; the absolute value of r ranging from 0.34 to 0.67; P < 0.05) in severe and very severe patients, and the SPO2% correlated with the dyspnea Borg scale in four severities (r = -0.33, -0.34, -0.39, -0.53 respectively; P < 0.05). The 6MWD was correlated with the 6MWORK in four severities (r = 0.56, 0.57, 0.72, 0.81 respectively, P < 0.05), and neither of them correlated with the SPO(2)%. The percent of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)% predicted) and residual volume to total lung capacity ratio (RV/TLC) were predictors of the 6MWD, and the maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) was the predictor of the 6MWORK.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>6MWT correlated with the spirometric parameters in severe and very severe COPD patients. 6MWT may be used to monitor changes of pulmonary function in these patients.</p>

The roles and administration methods of insulin in the early treatment of acute brain injury / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the roles of insulin in the early treatment of acute brain injury and its administration methods.Methods 253 patients were randomly divided into the intensive insulin therapy group and the conventional therapy group.Infection rates,the short-term effect (APACHE Ⅱ assessment),and long-term efficacy (GOS prognosis) was compared between two groups.Results The results of the strengthen treatment group in the rate of infection (25.95％ vs 39.34％,x2 =5.17,P ＜0.05),the short-term effect (11.33 ± 7.66 vs 16.49 ± 14.97,u =3.42,P ＜ 0.05) and the long-term efficacy (40.46％,55.73％,3.82％ vs 25.41％,68.85％,5.74％,x2 =7.62,P ＜0.05) were significantly better than the conventional therapy group with the statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The hypoglycemic effect,neuroprotective effect,regulatory role,and nutrition role of insulin occurred in the early treatment of acute brain injury.After acute brain injury,patients with hyperglycemia should be treated early with an enough volume,continuous,and uniform insulin.

Expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer in the unstable plaque of patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in the unstable plaque of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and the impact of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) on the EMMPRIN expression in macrophages.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The EMMPRIN expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 11 unstable plaques from patients with ACS. Protein expression of EMMPRIN was evaluated by Western blot on macrophages differentiated from THP-1 which were stimulated with LTB4 in the absence or presence of LTB4 antagonist U75302. There are 8 study groups: 1-THP-1, 2-8-the macrophages derived from THP-1, 2-6-macrophages were stimulated by LTB4 (0, 10(-10), 10(-9), 10(-8) and 10(-7) mol/L) for 24 h, 7-8-the macrophages were pretreated by 10(-6) mol/L or 10(-7) mol/L U75302 2 h before the LTB4 (10(-7) mol/L) stimulation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Abundant EMMPRIN expression was detected in macrophages and smooth muscle cells of unstable plaques from ACS patients. As to the THP-1 derived macrophages, EMMPRIN expression was significantly upregulated in a concentration-dependent manner in LTB4 stimulated groups, which was significantly higher in group 3-6 than in the THP-1 group (group 1) and macrophages group (group 2) (all P < 0.05) and pretreatment with U75302 significantly reduced the LTB4 induced upregulation of EMMPRIN in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EMMPRIN expression is enhanced in macrophages and smooth muscle cells on unstable coronary artery plaques from ACS patients. LTB4 could stimulate EMMPRIN expression on THP-1 derived macrophages suggesting that LTB4 and EMMPRIN might be both involved in the formation and progression of unstable plaques, future studies are warranted to explore if LTB4 and EMMPRIN antagonists are effective or not for treating patients with ACS.</p>

Long-term non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in severe stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The evidence for non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) used in patients with severe stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is insufficient. The aim of the meta-analysis was to assess the treatment effects of long-term NIPPV on gas change, lung function, health-related quality of life (HRQL), survival and mortality in severe stable COPD patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and crossover studies comparing the treatment effects of NIPPV with conventional therapy were identified from electronic databases and reference lists from January 1995 to August 2010. Two reviewers independently assessed study quality. Data were combined using Review Manager 5.0. Both pooled effects and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five RCTs and one randomized crossover study with a total of 383 severe stable COPD patients were included. NIPPV improved gas change significantly when using a higher inspiratory positive airway pressures. The weighted mean difference (WMD) for the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery (PaCO2) was -3.52 (-5.26, -1.77) mmHg and for the partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO2) 2.84 (0.23, 5.44) mmHg. There were significant improvements in dyspnea and sleep quality, but gained no benefits on lung function. The standardized mean difference (SMD) for the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) was 0.00 (0.29, 0.29). And the benefits for exercise tolerance, mood, survival and mortality remained unclear.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients with severe stable COPD can gain some substantial treatment benefits when using NIPPV, especially improvements in gas change, dyspnea and sleep quality. Studies of high methodological quality with large population, especially those based on a higher inspiratory positive airway pressures are required to provide more evidences.</p>

Study on activities and protein and gene expression of renal H(+)-K(+)-ATPase in rats subchronic exposed to trimethyltin chloride / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the activity, protein and gene expression of renal HK-ATPase (HKA) in rats subchronic exposed to trimethyltin chloride (TMT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In subchronic toxic test (14-week), 55 female SD rats (age, 6 weeks) were divided randomly into 5 groups: control, low, medium, high and super high dosage, respectively, which drank water with TMT of 0, 8.20, 32.81, 131.25 and 262.50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for 14 weeks. Then serum K+ levels were measured; the activities of HK-ATPase (HKA) in kidneys were detected by the method of determinated phosphorus content; Western Blot assay and real-time PCR were used to exam the protein and mRNA expression levels of HKA in kidneys, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The serum K+ level in super-high dosage group was (5.6 +/- 0.4) mmol/L, which was significantly lower than that [(6.9 +/- 0.3) mmol/L] in control group (P < 0.01). The HKA enzymatic activity of kidneys in low and super high dosage groups was 4.50 +/- 1.45 and 4.55 +/- 0.72 micromolPi x mg prot(-1)h(-1), respectively, which were significantly lower than that (6.55 +/- 0.77 micromol Pi x mg prot(-1) h(-1)) in control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>When rats were exposed subchronic to TMT, the renal HKA activity could reduce, but the expression levels of HKA protein and mRNA did not decrease.</p>

Angiogenesis in chronic ischemic porcine myocardium after transfer of VEGF₁₆₅ and angiopoietin-1 mediated by recombinant adeno-associated viral vector / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of combination of angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor₁₆₅ (VEGF₁₆₅) gene transfer mediated by recombinant adeno-associated viral vector on the neovascularization in chronic ischemic porcine myocardium.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An ameroid constrictor was implanted around the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) via endoscopy. Six weeks later, coronary angiography revealed that the myocardial ischemia was established by gradual occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX). Sixteen swine with the total occlusion or partial stenosis (> 85 %) of the LCX were divided into 4 groups (4 in each group): group I, group II and group IV (control) received direct myocardium injection of rAAV₂ VEGF₁₆₅, rAAV₂ ANG-1 or PBS alone, respectively; group III received rAAV₂ VEGF₁₆₅ and rAAV₂ ANG-1. Selective coronary angiography and ultrasonography were performed perioperatively to evaluate the cardiac function and the formation of collateral circulation. The expression of VEGF₁₆₅ and ANG-1 proteins were assessed using ELISA or Western blot. The degree of angiogenesis was assessed by use of immunohistochemical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Angiography showed that the occlusion of all LCX was completed or exceeded 95% 6 weeks after ameroid constrictor implantation, indicating the successful establishment of animal model. The expression levels of VEGF₁₆₅ in group I and III and ANG-1 in groups II and III began to increase at d7 after transfection and reached the peak at d14; then decreased gradually to the normal level after 3 months. The expression levels of VEGF₁₆₅ in group II and group IV or that of ANG-1 protein in group I and group IV had no markedly changes at different time after transfection. There were significant increase in capillary density and arteriole density and more side branch vessels formed in group III compared with other groups. Echocardiographic measurements showed that the left ventricular systolic function of animals in groups I, II and III increased significantly after gene transfection, especially in group III; but there was no changes in group IV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Myocardial perfusion and the left ventricular systolic function are improved after rAAV₂ VEGF₁₆₅ or rAAV₂ ANG-1 transfection, which is associated with the angiogenesis in porcine model of chronic myocardial ischemia.</p>

Salmeterol/fluticasone treatment reduces circulating C-reactive protein level in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Evidence suggests that systemic inflammation may play an important role in the progression and morbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It remains controversial whether inhaled corticosteroid in combination with a long-acting beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist can attenuate systemic inflammation. We evaluated the effect of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate on circulating C-reactive protein level in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An open-label clinical trial was conducted to recruit 122 outpatients with stable moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from department of respiratory medicine in two teaching hospitals between June 2007 and March 2008. Patients were randomized into two groups (1:1) to receive either the combination of 50 microg salmeterol and 500 microg fluticasone twice daily (n = 61), or the combination of 206 microg albuterol and 36 microg ipratropium q.i.d (n = 61) over 6 months. Circulating C-reactive protein concentrations were measured before randomization and during the follow-up. The efficacy of treatment was also assessed by spirometry, as well as health status and dyspnea score at baseline and after 6-month treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Baseline characteristics of two groups were similar. Compared with ipratropium/albuterol, the combination of salmeterol/fluticasone significantly reduced circulating level of C-reactive protein (-1.73 vs. 0.08 mg/L, respectively, P < 0.05) after 6-month treatment. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) and health status also improved significantly in salmeterol/fluticasone group compared with ipratropium/albuterol. Salmeterol/fluticasone treatment subjects who had a decrease of circulating C-reactive protein level had a significant improvement in FEV(1) and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire total scores compared with those who did not (185 vs. 83 ml and -5.71 vs. -1.79 units, respectively, both P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Salmeterol/fluticasone treatment reduced circulating C-reactive protein concentration in clinically stable moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients after 6-month treatment.</p>

Construction of adeno-associated virus vector containing ANG-1 gene and its expression in pig mesenchymal stem cells / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector containing angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1) gene and to express the ANG-1 in targeting cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>ANG-1 cDNA was obtained from human spleen by RT-PCR and was inserted into AAV vectors to form rAAV ANG-1, the virus stocks in high titer were harvested. The rAAVANG-1 and rAAV GFP were transferred into pig mesenchymal stem cells and the expression of ANG-1 was detected by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cloned ANG-1 cDNA was 1515bp in length which was in accordance with that reported previously. Titration of rAAVANG-1 stock was 9 X 10(11)v.g/ml. The expression of ANG-1 gene was detected in transfected cells. Forty-eight hours after rAAV GFP was transfected into mesenchymal stem cells, 55% cells expressed GFP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The constructed rAAV ANG-1 vector has successfully transfered and expressed in pig mesenchymal stem cells.</p>

Clinical Study on 48 Cases of Progressive Cerebral Infarction Controlled by Aspirin Failure to be Treated with Low Molecular Weight Heparin plus Traditional Chinese Medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effects and safety of preventing progressive cerebral infafction failure to be controlled by Aspirin with the low-molecular-weight heparin combined with traditional Chinese medicine.Methods All cases diagnosed by CT SCan to be progressive cerebral infarction were randomly recruited into a control group and a treatment group,with 48 cases in each group.The treatment group was treated with low molecular heparin of 4000u/times,twice/day for 7 days MS and then was administrated with warfarin and Daqinjiao decoction.The control group was treated with aspmn of 200mg/day for 7 days and 150mg/day for the rest.Neurological deficit SCOre and efficacy evaluation was assayed 30 days before and after the treatment.Results Clinical results showed that the therapeutic effects oftlle treatment group Was much better than the control group(P＜0.05).Besides the incidence of serious bleeding complications were mcreasmg.Conclusion Low molecular heparin combined with traditional Chinese medicine is effective and safe to treat the patients of progresmve cerebral infaretion whose disease failed to be controlled bv Aspirin.

Improvement in cardiac function after sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase gene transfer in a beagle heart failure model / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but current treatment modalities cannot reverse the underlying pathological state of the heart. Gene-based therapies are emerging as promising therapeutic modalities in HF patients. Our previous studies have shown that recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) gene transfer of Sarco-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2a) can be effective in treating rats with chronic heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of SERCA2a gene transfer in a large HF animal model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HF was induced in beagles by rapid right ventricular pacing (230 beats/min) for 30 days. A reduced rate ventricular pacing (180 beats/min) was continued for another 30 days. The beagles were assigned to four groups: (a) control group (n = 4); (b) HF group (n = 4); (c) enhanced green fluorescent protein group (n = 4); and (d) SERCA2a group (n = 4). rAAV1-EGFP (1 x 10(12) microg) and rAAV1-SERCA2a (1 x 10(12) microg) were delivered intramyocardially. SERCA2a expression was assessed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Following 30 days of SERCA2a gene transfer in HF beagles its protein expression was significantly higher than in the HF group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Heart function improved along with the increase in SERCA2a expression. Left ventricular systolic function significantly improved, including the ejection fraction, left ventricular systolic pressure, maximal rate of rise of left ventricular pressure (+dp/dt(max)), and the maximal rate of decline of left ventricular pressure (-dp/dt(max)) (P < 0.05). Left ventricular end-diastole pressure significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The expression of SERCA2a in the myocardial tissue was higher in the SERCA2a group than in the HF group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intramyocardial injection of rAAV1-SERCA2a can improve the cardiac function in beagles induced with HF. We expect further studies on SERCA2a's long-term safety, efficacy, dosage and the optimization before using it in humans with HF.</p>

Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome among a Chinese population

To investigate the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori [H. pylori] in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome [OSAS], and to determine any association between H. pylori infection and severity of OSAS. Two hundred and forty-three subjects were recruited in this cross-sectional study at the Department of Respiratory Medicine in the West China Hospital, Sichuan, P. R. China, from October 2006 to April 2008. Polysomnography [PSG] was used to determine the apnea-hypopnea index [AHI], and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to test H. pylori IgG. According to the AHI, subjects were divided into 4 groups: the control group [AHI <5/hours], patients with mild OSAS group [AHI: 5-14/hours], moderate OSAS group [AHI: 15-29/hours], and severe OSAS group [AHI: >/= 30/hours]. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with OSAS was 75.5%, and in the controls it was 53.4% [p=0.000]. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with mild OSAS was 57.1%, with moderate OSAS was 76.5%, and with severe OSAS was 90.9%. There were significant differences between patients with moderate and severe OSAS and the controls, as well as among the mild, moderate, and severe OSAS groups. Helicobacter pylori infection may be associated with OSAS. In addition, increased severity of OSAS might be associated with higher seroprevalence of H. pylori

Create a standard mini-swine model of chronic ischemic myocardium by thoracoscopy / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To create a standard mini-swine model of chronic ischemic myocardium by endoscopy for the research of gene transfer and stem cell.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-three male China experimental minipigs were used, aged from 8 to 11 months with a mean of (9.3 +/- 1.8) months and weighed from 20 to 30 kg with a mean of (29.3 +/- 4.3) kg. The myocardial ischemia was established by gradual occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) with an Ameroid constrictor. The Ameroid constrictor was implanted around LCX by endoscopy. Selective coronary angiography, electrocardiogram and Echo-Doppler study were performed perioperatively to evaluate the degree of stenosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Chronic ischemic myocardial models were successfully generated in 20 of 23 swine by full-endoscopy. Ameroid constrictors were placed at the LCX accurately. Three swine died of anesthetic accident, cardiac arrhythmia at secondary coronary angiography, and pulmonary infection within 6 weeks after operation respectively. Operation time was 25 to 65 min with a mean of (46 +/- 9) min. The blood loss was 30 to 60 ml with a mean of (55 +/- 12) ml. Six weeks later, coronary angiography revealed the total occlusion and partial stenosis (> 85%) of the LCX occurred in 7 and 13 swine respectively. Cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction were found in all swine. The ejection fraction value was (65.0 +/- 6.3)% before operation and (41.0 +/- 9.3)% after operation (P = 0.008). The fractional shortening value was (36.2 +/- 4.3)% before operation and (34.2 +/- 2.3)% after operation (P = 0.027).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The endoscopic surgery is a less invasive way to create a standard mini-swine model of chronic ischemic myocardium with effective results.</p>

Expression of P33ING1, P53 and their relationship with apoptosis in anal canal carcinoma / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expressions of P33ING1, P53 and their relationships with apoptosis in anal canal carcinoma (ACC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of P33ING1, P53 proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry method (SP method), and apoptosis was detected in 42 cases with ACC, 36 cases with anal canal adenoma (ACA) or anal canal papilloma (ACP), and 40 cases with paraanal inflammatory mass(PAIM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rates of P33ING1 and P53 proteins were 40.5% (17/42), 97.2% (35/36) and 97.5% (39/40), 50.0% (21/42), 22.2% (8/36) and 27.5% (11/40) respectively, and the average apoptosis indexes(AI) were (10.27+/- 1.23) per thousand, (42.75+/- 0.98) per thousand and (42.67+/- 1.04) per thousand respectively in ACC, ACA or ACP and PAIM. There were significant differences in the positive expression rates of P33ING1, P53 and apoptosis index between ACC and the other two groups respectively (P< 0.05). Among 21 cases of ACC with positive expression of P53 protein,there were 18 cases with P33ING1 negative expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>P33ING1 expression decrease in ACC, which may play an important role in the carcinogenesis and progression of ACC. P33ING1 and P53 may have an synergistic effect of suppressing cell growth and accelerating cell apoptosis.</p>