ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the effect of ATPase family AAA-domain containing protein 3A (ATAD3A) gene silencing on the proliferation, invasion and migration of A375 human melanoma cells.Methods:From August to December in 2019, melanoma and paracancerous tissues were collected from 3 patients with pathologically diagnosed melanoma in People′s Hospital of Chongqing Yubei District, and Western blot analysis was performed to measure the protein expression of ATAD3A in the above tissues. Cultured A375 human melanoma cells were divided into 2 groups to be infected with a lentiviral vector carrying shATAD3A (shATAD3A group) and an empty vector (shCtrl group) respectively, and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis were performed to verify the interference efficiency. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay and colony formation assay were performed to compare cell proliferative ability and colony-formation ability respectively between the 2 groups, and Transwell invasion assay and wound healing assay to compare invasive and migratory abilities respectively between the above 2 groups. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of cell self-renewal-related proteins (NANOG, SRY-related high-mobility-group box protein SOX2, octamer-binding protein 4[OCT4]) and invasion- and migration-related proteins (matrix metalloproteinase 2[MMP2], vimentin, zinc-finger transcription factor SLUG) in the 2 groups. Two-independent-sample t test was used to compare the experimental indices between the 2 groups. Results:Western blot analysis showed that ATAD3A was significantly highly expressed in the 3 melanoma tissues compared with the paracancerous tissues ( t = 10.825, P < 0.001) . qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that the mRNA and protein expression of ATAD3A in A375 cells was significantly lower in the shATAD3A group (0.230 ± 0.073, 0.279 ± 0.267, respectively) than in the shCtrl group (1.000 ± 0.244, 0.867 ± 0.115, respectively; t = 9.461, 8.595, respectively; P < 0.001 or = 0.002) , indicating that the ATAD3A gene-silenced A375 cell line was successfully constructed. Colony formation assay revealed that the colony-formation rate was significantly lower in the shATAD3A group than in the shCtrl group (22.667% ± 2.510% vs. 43.667% ± 5.030%, t = 6.464, P = 0.003) , and CCK-8 assay showed that the cellular proliferative activity significantly decreased from day 2 to day 4 in the shATAD3A group compared with the shCtrl group. Wound healing assay showed significantly slower wound healing and decreased wound healing rate from the 12 th hour (32.920% ± 4.642% vs. 49.302% ± 1.448%, t = 5.835, P = 0.004) to the 24 th hour in the shATAD3A group compared with the shCtrl group, and Transwell invasion assay revealed significantly decreased number of invasive cells in the lower Transwell chambers in the shATAD3A group compared with the shCtrl group (68.330 ± 13.050 vs. 234.330 ± 19.139, t = 12.411, P < 0.001) . Western blot analysis showed that the protein expression of NANOG, SOX2, OCT4, MMP2, vimentin, SLUG was significantly lower in the shATAD3A group than in the shCtrl group ( P < 0.05 or 0.001) . Conclusion:ATAD3A is highly expressed in melanoma tissues, and ATAD3A gene silencing can inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of melanoma A375 cells.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the influence of rectal washout on the prognosis of rectal cancer after anterior resection.Methods Data of 144 patients with rectal cancer undergoing anterior resection at Chinese Academy of Medical Science Cancer Hospital between May 2006 and November 2007 were reviewed.69 patients received rectal washout and 75 patients did not.The incidences of recurrence and 5-year disease-free survival rates were compared.Data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software packet,using x2 and t inspection.Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate postoperative survival rate.Results Washing sample was positive for malignant cells in 55 patients (79.7％).The incidences of recurrence were 4.6％ and 6.7％ in washout group and no-washout group respectively (x2 =0.368,P =0.721).The five-year disease-free survival rate was 79.7％ in washout group and 74.7％ in no-washout group(x2 =0.517,P =0.553).Conclusions Free malignant cells were ubiquitous in rectal lumen during anterior resection,and there was a high positive rate of cytological examine for washout sample.Rectal washout may reduce local recurrence and prolong patients' survival.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects on the condition of nutrition and immunologic function of gastric cancer treated with the insertion of jejunal nutrient canal after total gastrectomy.Methods In this study 113 gastric cancer patients were randomly divided into enteral nutrition group (the group of the fine-needle/catheter jejunostomy during operation,FCJ group) and parenteral nutrition group (PN group) after total gastrectomy.Evacuating time and postoperative complications were observed and relative laboratory parameters were measured prior to surgery (preoperative) and on days 3 and 7 postoperatively.Results The evacuating time in enteral nutrition group was shorter than that in parenteral nutrition group significantly[(4.1±2.2) d vs.(5.1 ±2.0) d,t =2.156,P =0.037];Serum level of prealbumin[( 18 ± 7 ) mg/dl vs.( 14 ± 7 ) mg/dl,t =2.370,P =0.022]and transferring[(205 ±45 ) mg/dl vs.( 186 ± 39 ) mg/dl,t =3.665,P =0.001]in enteral nutrition group on postoperative day 7 was higher than that in parenteral nutrition group;Serum IgA[( 2.3 ± 1.0 ) g/L vs.( 1.9 + 0.7 ) g/L,t =2.178,P=0.034],lgM[(1.4 ±0.4) g/L vs.(1.0 ±0.4) g/L,t=2.124,P=0.039]and IgG[(9.5 ±1.9) g/L vs.(9.0 ± 2.3 ) g/L,t =2.189,P =0.033]were higher in enteral nutrition group than that in parenteral nutrition group;The incidence of postoperative alimentary dysfunction in enteral nutrition group was lower than that in parenteral nutrition group( 3％ vs.13％,x2 =3.962,P =0.048).Conclusions It is safe and convenient to use early postoperative enteral nutrition support by fine-needle/catheter jejunostomy (FCJ) in gastric cancer patients immediately after total gastrectomy.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the suitable treatment of post operative anastomotic recurrence after anterior resection of rectal cancer and analyze the relationship between different kinds of therapy with prognosis. Methods The clinical data of 41 cases of local recurrent rectal cancer after anterior resection admitted in our hospital from 1999 to 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. The median survival time and survival rate were calculated by Life Tables method. The influence of different kinds of treatment to prognosis was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method and the variability was analyzed by Log-rank method. P <0.01 means statistical significance. Results Thirty-three (80.5 %) of 41 patients were recurrent in the first 3 years and the median survival time was 23 months. Seventeen (41.5 %) of 41 patients underwent radical R0 resection. The median survival time of radical resection patients and non-radical resection ones were 49 months and 18 months, respectively, and the difference was significant (χ2=12.245, P=0.000). Thirty-one patients with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy showed a statistically longer median survival time than the other 10 patients without these adjuvant treatment (39 months and 9 months, respectively) (χ2=17.533, P =0.000). Conclusion Most post operative anastomotic recurrent of rectal cancer cases occurs in the first 3 years after primary surgery. Radical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve the prognosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prognosis of local resection in patients with low rectal cancer, and assess surgical indications for this procedure. Methods One hundred and twenty-four patients with low rectal cancer from Jan 1975 to Dec 2006 were analyzed, the clinicopathologic features and surgical, outcome were examined as prognostic factors. Survival rate was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Log-Rank test, prognostic factors were analyzed by multivariate COX proportional hazards model. Results The 5-year survival rate of 124 patients underwent local resection was 90.7 %(97/107), there were 4.8 %(6/124) patients with complications and 15.3 %(19/24) ones with local recurrence.The infiltration, vascular invasion, the size of tumor and the histological grade were significant prognostic factors of overall survival, but gender, age, the tumor site and the macroscopic type were not. Multivariate analysis indicated that the tumor infiltration were independent poor prognostic factor. Conclusion Local resection is suitable for Tis and T1 low rectal cancer, and those with high local recurrence factors should undergo radical resection. Strict follow-up and adjuvant therapy is necessary for local excision.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the short-term results of laparoscopic-assisted with open surgery for primary rectal cancer in elderly patients. Methods The medical records of forty-nine elderly patients (≥70 years) with laparoscopic-assisted resection and fifty-five cases (≥70 years) with open surgery for rectal cancer were retrospectively reviewed. Results There were no thirty-day mortality in both groups. Operative procedure and operating time did not differ significantly in laparoscopic-assisted group (LAG) and open group (OG), and blood loss was significantly greater in OG (P =0.031). The rate of postoperative complications was lower (12.2 % vs 25.5 %) in LAG than that in OG, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.088). The time to faltus (3.26 d vs. 4.49 d) and time to liquid diet (3.98 d vs.5.56 d) were significantly shorter in LAG than that in OG. Both the circumferential and distal margins were negative. The number of identified lymph nodes were similar for LAG and OG (mean 13.31 vs 13.13, P =0.886). Conclusion Laparoscopic-assisted rectal resection for elderly patients is safe and feasible, with less complications and blood loss, and rapid intestinal recovery compared with open surgery.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the feasibility of laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer in patients with respiratory dysfunction. Methods A total of 64 patients with colorectal cancer with respiratory dysfunction simultaneously admitted in our hospital. Following the principles of en-bloc resection, thirty-six patients underwent laparoscopic radical resection, and 28 underwent open resection. Results The time of postoperative oxygen inhalation was shorter in laparoscopic group than that in open resection group (3.5 d vs 4.6 d) (P<0.05), and independently expectorating was better in laparoscopic group than that jn open resection group (P <0.05). The time to endotracheal intubation removal (21.2 min vs 23.9 min) and oxygen saturation were no significant difference between laparoscopic group and open resection group. One case got lung infection in open resection group, both groups had no atelectasis, respiratory failure and urinary infections case. Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery is feasible for colorectal cancer in patients with respiratory dysfunction.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the feasibility of sigrnoid coloplasty for patients after resection of middle or low rectal carcinoma, and to evaluate the defecation function after the operation. Methods Forty-three patients with middle or low rectal cancer who had been admitted to the cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2007 to January 2008 received sigrnoid coloplasty after rectal carcinoma resection (treatment group), and another 43 patients who had been admitted during the same period received colonic J pouch reconstruction (control group). The feasibility and safety of the 2 surgical procedures and postoperative defecation function were assessed. All data were processed by t test, chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Results The sigmoid coloplasty was successfully performed in all patients in treatment group, while the reconstruction of the J pouch failed in 4 patients in the control group. Three patients in each group underwent temporary transverse colostomy. The incidences of postoperative complications in treatment group and control group were 7% (3/43) and 9% (4/43), respectively, with no statistical difference between the 2 groups (X2 =0. 282, P > 0.05). The median frequency of defecation in treatment group was 2.0 ± 1.5 per 24 hours, which was significantly less than 2.5 ± 1.0 in control group (X2 = 1. 242, P > 0.05). The fecal incontinence scores in treatment group and control group were 1.7 ± 0. 7 and 1.6 ± 0.8, respectively, with no statistical difference between the 2 groups (t = 0. 285, P > 0. 05). Conclusion Sigmoid coloplasty has similar benefits to colonic J pouch reconstruction, while sigmoid eoloplasty is relatively feasible, effective and safe for low colorectal or coloanal anastomosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To study the effect of seeding cells of tissue-engineered skins,keratinocytes and fibroblasts,on the phenotypes of langerhans cells (LC).Methods:Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were induced by cytokines,granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF),interleukin 4 (IL-4),transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) to generate LCs,which were subsequently cocultured with allogenic keratinocytes or fibroblasts.Then the phenotypes of langerhans cells was detected by flow cytometer (FCM),and the degree of proliferation of autogeneic lymphocytes was assessed after stimulation with LCs.Results:Cultured LCs had low level expression of HLA-DR,CD80,CD86 and no expression of CD83.Cocultured with allogenic keratinocytes or fibroblasts,phenotypes of LCs did not change significantly.Simultaneously,LCs could not stimulate autogeneic lymphocytes proliferation.Conclusion:These data indicate that LCs cocultured with seeding cells of tissue-engineered skins remain immature state.It is suggested that seeding cells of tissue-engineered skins have low immunogenicity and are unable to induce significant immunological rejection of host after transplantation.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the application of hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) in colorectal carcinoma resection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fourteen patients with colorectal carcinoma underwent resection by HALS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hand-assisted laparoscopic right hemicolectomy was performed in 6 of 8 ascending colon cancer patients, spending an average of 160 minutes (110 to 220 minutes) for the procedure. The amount of bleeding was 40 approximately 100 ml. Bowel sounds resumed in 36 approximately 72 hours after the operation. The average interval between the operation and patients' discharge was 8 days (7 to 12 days). For 2 patients the surgeons had to resort to laparotomy. All patients received postoperative chemotherapy. Hand-assisted laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection was performed in 5 of 6 patients with lower rectal cancer, with the average duration of 180 minutes (120 to 270 minutes), with bleeding of 40 to 80 ml. Bowel sounds resumed within 24 to 72 hours and the average discharge interval was 14 days (12 to 18 days). The urinary catheter in 6 patients was removed in 7 to 8 days after the operation. All patients with rectal carcinoma received postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. One patient was shifted to laparotomy because of extensive adhesion in the pelvic cavity. Four of 11 patients treated by HALS experienced slight pain in the incision. No other complications were observed in any of the patients. Remote results await further follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of colorectal carcinoma, a safe and simple procedure, not only ensures the clearance of tumor, but also reduces operative trauma and hastens recovery.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Colectomy , Colorectal Neoplasms , General Surgery , Hand , Laparoscopy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To study histologic characteristics of bilayer skin substitute reconstructed by cells from human hair follicle and whether the skin appendage can be induced based on the bilayer skin substitute.Methods After composite chitosan bilayer skin substitute was reconstructed with dermal papilla cells and outer root sheath cells or dermal sheath cells and outer root sheath cells,its histologic characteristics was investigated in vitro and after transplanted onto SD albino rats.Results Composite chitosan bilayer skin substitute reconstructed by cells from hair follicle had closely arranged epithelium cells and outstanding cornification;Epithelial cords linked with epidermis could be seen in dermis.However,there was no certain hair follicle-like structure formation either in vitro or in vivo.Conclusion Hair follicle cells are good source for skin substitute reconstruction,but it can not induce skin appendage formation through skin substitute by now.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo sum up the experience in the treatment of huge primary retroperitoneal pelvic tumors (diameter≥10 cm), and analyze factors influencing the removal of the tumors during surgical procedures. MethodsA clinical retrospective review of 26 cases with huge primary retroperitoneal pelvic tumors undergoing surgical resection was made during a period of 1980～2000 in our hospital. The rate of tumors resected was compared between benign and malignant, male and female patients. Results The tumor resection rate in this group was 73%(19/26). There was no mortality within 30 days and no severe postoperative complication. Conclusion Resection should be attempted whenever possible for patients suffering from huge pelvic tumors. The resection rate was higher in female patients than that in male patients. Major blood vessels invasion is responsible for low radical resection rate.