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@#Williams syndrome is a congenital multisystem disease. Cardiovascular abnormality caused by elastin deficiency is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Williams syndrome patients. Recent studies have found that 80% of Williams syndrome patients have cardiovascular abnormalities, most of which are arterial stenosis, especially the aortic valve stenosis and pulmonary artery stenosis. Operation is the main method to treat the stenosis of the artery, and the results of the operation on the aortic valve stenosis in most centers are good, but the effect of transcatheter intervention is still not obvious, pulmonary artery reconstruction has a good effect on the treatment of peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis. Advances in genetic diagnosis, surgical techniques and treatment regimens are expected to significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes in these patients. This article reviews the latest research progress of Williams syndrome combined with cardiovascular disease.
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Objective To investigate the association between the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in angiotensin Ⅱ type one receptor (AT1R) gene with coronary artery disease (CAD) in Chinese Han nationality.Methods Extracted DNA and RNA samples of peripheral blood white cells from 192 CAD patients and 189 healthy individuals in Jan 2011 to Oct 2013 from the general hospital of the PLA Rocket Force.Designed primes and the three SNPs as rs6801836,rs2675511 and rs5182 of AT1R gene were analyzed with allele-specific fluorogenic oligonucleotide probes in an assay combining extension and hybridization.Results The genotype and allele frequencies of the three SNPs were not significantly different between the control group and CAD group (x2 =0.047～2.226,all P＞0.05).The major haplotype constructed with linkaged rs6801836 and rs5182 was TT.The frequency of every haplotypes showed no significantly difference between the two groups (x2 =0.025～1.020,all P＞0.05).Conclusion The three polymorphisms of AT1R gene studied in this work showed no association with CAD susceptibility.
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Objective The research aimed to identify symptom clusters of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.Methods The M.D.Anderson Symptom Inventory-Head & Neck (MDASI-H&N) was applied to measure symptoms of 247 HNC inpatients.Factor analysis was applied to identify symptom clusters.The Spearman correlation analysis was used to find the relationship of symptoms within symptom clusters.Results Five clusters were identified and the Cronbach's α coefficients of symptom clusters were 0.904,0.928,0.898,0.815 and 0.662 respectively.Symptoms within clusters were all significantly interrelated to each other (r=0.393-0.856,P＜0.01).Conclusions Symptoms of HNC patients tend to occur not in isolation,but in symptom clusters.Effective management can not only eliminate or alleviate the symptom burden of HNC patients,but also be cost-effective.
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Objective To explore curriculum and faculty qualification of Chongqing operating room (OR) specialty certified nurse theoretical tralning program by feedback of students, and to im-prove the quality of tralning. Method Relying on the national key project of the First Affiliated Hos-pital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Health administration OR nurse specialist tralning program set additional courses related to research, teaching, patient safety and first ald tralning based on operation room specialist nurse tralning outline. 81 participants were given questionnalres issued by college of nursing after the 7th OR specialist nurse theoretical tralning, and statistics analysis was made of it. Result Effective questionnalres was100%. The overall judgment on theory tralning was high, with 92.60%of the students giving overall score above 150 points (out of 170);93.84%of students sat-isfied on teaching staff ratio while 95.06% students satisfied on course content. For the 17 items, the majority scores given by the students were ≥ 9 points (a 10-points scale), on the top of the list were item “Theoretical tralning helps to enhance professional theoretical level and guide clinical practice”“Teaching content meet needs of OR specialist nurses” “Teaching content is helpful to improve the core competence of specialist nurses” (all 96.30%, 78 out of 81), while the bottom was “Instructor create an environment which fosters student participation”(85.19%, 69 out of 81). Conclusion Chong-qing OR specialist theoretical tralning has good practical and guidance property, the content meet OR nurses needs, instructor ratio is reasonable, and students are highly satisfied with it. Instructors need to encourage students' participation in class interaction, and pay attention to improving their research capabilities.
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Objective To formulate a scientific and reasonable evaluation model of post competency ,and to provide references for selection ,training and evaluation of orthodontic assistant specialist in china .Methods Items of competency for orthodontic as‐sistant specialist were established basing on semi structured interviewing and literature research ,and then Delphi technique was used to consult 22 orthodontic experts .The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 19 .0 .Results The positive coefficient for two round specialist survey was 95 .45% after two round specialist survey ,the authority coefficient was 0 .865 ,as well as the values of significant test for coordinate coefficient opinions were P<0 .01 .The evaluation competency model for orthodontic assistant special‐ist was consisted of entry requirements and evaluation system including 4primary indicators ,15secondary indicators .Conclusion The evaluation competency model is reliable and valid ,which can provide reference for selection ,training and evaluation of ortho‐dontic assistant specialist .
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Objective To explore the reason and influence of communication difficulties between oncology nurses and patients or families of patients,and to obtain some relevant advice about communication difficulties.Methods This study used focus group to interview 24 oncology nurses who were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University by homogeneous sampling method,and were randomly divided into three groups (8 in each group).The data were processed and analyzed by content analysis.Results The reasons why oncology nurses had communication difficulties with patients and their families were as follows:putting forward negative problems about their disease,ineffective communication and conflicts with patients,families.The communication difficulties showed negative effect on oncology nurses.Oncology nurses thought that the main reason of communication difficulties lied in the deficiency of institution and propounded the suggestion to resolve it.Conclusions oncology nurses were tend to have difficulty in communicating with patients and their families in the long-term work,especially in the period of crisis:early diagnosis of tumor stage,relapse,advanced cancer and some special dates (birthday,parties etc.).Therefore,oncology nurses,patients and their families need to be supported.To solve the difficulties of communication could reduce the negative emotions of patients and their family,such as anxiety,frustration,helplessness,so as to improve the quality of care and life of patients.
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Patients' safety is a hot topic of hospital management all over the word. Strengthening the patients' safety education for medical students and nursing students is an effective measure to protect patients' safety. In nursing school of Chongqing Medical University,patients' safety education was con-ducted through the course of undergraduate education. Contents of patients' safety education were com-bined with the professional courses,which are taught step by step in the professional course learning phase for different grades. Patients' safety education took a lot of teaching forms to cultivate the students' patient safety consciousness and preliminary results were achieved.
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ObjectiveTo study the advanced training status for emergency department nurses in Chongqing,and to improve the training program.MethodsThe basic and professional information of 208 emergency department nurses who obtained advanced training for emergency nursing in the previous 5 years was analyzed and the self-designed Satisfaction Survey on Teaching and Self-evaluation on Training Outcome were applied to learn about the feedback of trainees.ResultsThe average age of trainees was ( 29.24 ± 5.44 ),among whom 65.86％ with junior college education experience,49.51％ with 2-5 years of working experience,50.48％ at primary professional rank,61.53％ from second level hospitals.Their average score ( 77.91 ± 7.69 ),and teaching satisfaction score was ( 87.01 ± 7.63 ).The survey indicated that self-evaluation on training outcome was significant to enhance emergency nursing knowledge and skills,while weak to improve research and managing capability.ConclusionNurses attending advanced training for emergency nursing are characterized with short working time,low professional ranks,jagged education experiences and various levels of hospital. It is suggested to adopt leveled training in accordance with education experience and working hospital of trainees,and to strengthen nursing research and team managing competencies.
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Based on the present situation analysis of nursing experimental teaching for undergraduate,reform was carried out through our innovating experimental teaching philosophy,integrating experimental teaching curriculum,compiling experimental teaching materials,establishing experimental teaching inspection and assessment system and consummating management mechanism of experimental teaching center,and some developing thoughts were also proposed.
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With the internationalization of nursing education,one major project facing higher nursing education is to foster lots of high quality nursing specialists,with properties of international vision,development prospect,and adaptation to international nursing positions.Chongqing Medical University engaged in reforming and implementation of talents culturing and yielded significant effect along with the main competency ideology of humanistic caring,critical thinking,evidence-based nursing,practicing and international competition.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study differential expression of MRP8, CypA protein in the patients of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and the relationship in the development of LSCC.@*METHOD@#Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of MRP8,CypA protein in LSCC tissues of 41 cases and matched paraneoplastic normal tissues of 41 cases,with results compared to the clinical data to determine significance.@*RESULT@#The expression of MRP8, CypA protein in carcinoma and normal tissues and composition of different positive grades were in statistical significance (P 0.05), but related to pathological stage (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#MRP8 protein is on intimate terms with different pathological differentiation stage of LSCC. MRP8, CypA protein may play an important role in the development and progression of LSCC.
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Calgranulin A , Metabolism , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Metabolism , Pathology , Cyclophilin A , Metabolism , Laryngeal Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Neoplasm Staging , PrognosisABSTRACT
This article analyzes the prominent features of the advanced nursing education in America from four aspects:prospects of the nursing education,requirements for the undergradua te nursing majors,network education and postgraduate education,and proposes some suggestions of developing the advanced nursing education in China,in combination with the present situation of cultivating senior nurses in our country.
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The teaching quality,clinical case teaching,innovations consciousness of teacher are three important items in how to develop students' creation thinking during the course of otolaryngology.
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Objective To establish two-dimensional electrophoresis profiles of laryngeal squamous carcinoma tissue with high resolution and reproducibility. Methods The total protein of well-differentiated or poorly-differentiated laryngeal cancer tissue was separated by means of immobilized pH gradient-based two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The differential expression protein was analyzed by using ImageMaster 2D analysis software. Results We obtained fine resolution, reproducible 2-DE patterns of well-differentiated and poorly-differentiated laryngeal squamous carcinoma. Differential expression protein spots were defined in 2-DE gels. Thirteen protein spots were preliminarily identified, among which seven proteins were upregulated in well-differentiated laryngeal cancer tissue, six were downregulated. Conclusion The expression map of proteomics was established for well-differentiated and poorly-differentiated laryngeal cancer, which was of significant difference between them. Laryngeal cancer proteome might reflect the underlying pathological state.
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Objective:To analyze and conclude the common causes and clinical features of hoarseness in patients at different ages.Methods:The data of 1100 cases of hoarseness in diferent ages were analyzed with laryngofiberscopy.Results:The main 5 causes of hoarseness were neoplasm(767cases,69.72%),laryngitis(188cases 17.09%),paralysis of vocal cord(75cases,6.82%),trauma(30cases,2.73%),and others(40cases,3.63%).The number of its distribution in 4 age groups was different(P
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Objective:To study the differential expression proteins of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and paired normal tumor adjacent mucosa epithelia tissue.Methods:The total proteins of laryngeal cancer tissue and paired normal tumor-adjacent mucosa epithelial tissue were separated by means of immobilized pH gradient-based two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE).Coomassie brilliant blue dyeing.The differential expression proteins were analyzed by using ImageMaster 2D analysis software. Then identified by peptide mass fingerprint(PMF)based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS)and database searching. Result:We obtained well-resolved,reproducible 2-DE patterns of laryngeal cancer and normal mucosa epithelia1.Differential protein spots were defined as spots in 2-DE gels.33 proteins were preliminarily identified,among which 22proteins were upregulated in laryngeal cancer tissue,while 11 were decreased significantly. PMF maps of 10 proteins which were upregulated in laryngeal cancer tissue were obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS. The typic peptide masses were searched in the Mascot database. Eight proteins were preliminanily identified.Conclusion:We established the expression maps of proteomics in laryngeal cancer and normal mucosa epithelia1.There were significant differences among proteome of laryngeal cancer and normal mucosa epithelia1.These proteins may be potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for laryngeal cancer.And is valuable for studying mechanisms of laryngeal carcinogenesis.
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Objective:To study the cause of clinical and pathological misdiagnosis and the measures against misdiagnosis in cases with primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Waldeyer's ring.Methods:The clincal data of ninty two patients with primary NHL in Waldeyer's ring admitted to our hospital in recent ten years were studied retrospectively.Results:Eighteen patients were misdiagnosed clinically and seventy two patients were misdiagnosed pathologically.18 cases were misdiagnosed both clinically and pathologically, with the average misdiagnosis rate of 2～3 times per case.The misdiagnosed diseases were chronic tonsillitis,tonsil vegetation,pharyngitis,lymphatic tissue hyperplasia,etc.All seventy-two patients were diagnosed as NHL finally.Conclusion:The patients with the primary NHL in Waldeyer's ring lack characterisic symptoms.Pathological manifestation is complicated.It is important to do biopsy exactly and diagnose early by immunohistochemical approaches.