Effects of total saponins from Trillium tschonoskii maxim on cognition impairment and mitochondrial autophagy in aging rats induced by D-Gal / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of total saponins from Trillium tschonoskii maxim(TST)on cognitive impairment and mitochondrial autophagy in aging rats induced by D-galactose(D-gal). Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group,model group(D-gal,subcutaneous injection),intervention group(TST,low,medium and high dose groups by intragastric administration),with 10 rats in each group,and administered for 6 weeks. Morris water maze was used to evaluate the cognitive function. HE and Nissl staining were used to test the hippocampal and brain cortex morphology. Immunohistochemistry staining was applied to detect the localization expression of Pink1 and Parkin. Western blot was employed to detect the expressions of Pink1,Parkin,LC3-Ⅱ,p62 and Beclin1. Results Compared with the normal control group,the escape latency time was prolonged and the number of crossing platform decreased in D-gal model group(P<0.05). The number of neurons in hippocampus significantly decreased. The positive cells labeled by Pink1 and Parkin staining in hippocampus significantly decreased. The expressions of Pink1,Parkin,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin1 were markedly reduced,while the expression of p62 was significantly raised(P<0.05). Compared with D-gal model group,the escape latency time of TST dose groups was shortened,the Times of crossing the platform was more,and the time of staying in the platform quadrant increased(P<0.05). The number of neurons in hippocampus significantly increased. The positive cells labeled by Pink1 and Parkin staining in hippocampus significantly increased. The expressions of Pink1,Parkin,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin1 in hippocampus were apparently up-regulated,while the protein expression of p62 was evidently down-regulated(P<0.05). Conclusions TST has neuroprotective effects on the learning and memory capacities in aging rats induced by D-gal,which may be related to the increasing levels of Pink1,Parkin,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin1 proteins and the activation of mitochondrial autophagy.

Proliferation Inhibitory Activity of Quinones from Blaps rynchopetera Defense Secretion on Colorectal Tumor Cells / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the proliferation inhibitory effect of quinones from Blaps rynchopetera defense secretion on colorectal tumor cell lines.@*METHODS@#Human colorectal cancer cell HT-29, human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell Caco-2 and normal human colon epithelial cell CCD841 were chosen for the evaluation of inhibitory activity of the main quinones of B. rynchopetera defense secretion, including methyl p-benzoquinone (MBQ), ethyl p-benzoquinone (EBQ), and methyl hydroquinone (MHQ), through methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. The tumor-related factors, cell cycles, related gene expressions and protein levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assy, flow cytometry, RT-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively.@*RESULTS@#MBQ, EBQ, and MHQ could significantly inhibit the proliferation of Caco-2, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 7.04 ± 0.88, 10.92 ± 0.32, 9.35 ± 0.83, HT-29, with IC50 values of 14.90 ± 2.71, 20.50 ± 6.37, 13.90 ± 1.30, and CCD841, with IC50 values of 11.40 ± 0.68, 7.02 ± 0.44 and 7.83 ± 0.05 µg/mL, respectively. Tested quinones can reduce the expression of tumor-related factors tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-6 in HT-29 cells, selectively promote apoptosis, and regulate the cell cycle which can reduce the proportion of cells in the G1 phase and increase the proportion of the S phase. Meanwhile, tested quinones could up-regulate mRNA and protein expression of GSK-3β and APC, while down-regulate that of β-catenin, Frizzled1, c-Myc, and CyclinD1 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway of HT-29 cells.@*CONCLUSION@#Quinones from B. rynchopetera defense secretion could inhibit the proliferation of colorectal tumor cells and reduce the expression of related factors, which would be functioned by regulating cell cycle, selectively promoting apoptosis, and affecting Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related mRNA and protein expressions.

Effect of glucose metabolism disorders on the short-term prognosis in neonates with asphyxia: a multicenter study in Hubei Province, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the effect of glucose metabolism disorders on the short-term prognosis in neonates with asphyxia.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of the neonates with asphyxia who were admitted to 52 hospitals in Hubei Province of China from January to December, 2018 and had blood glucose data within 12 hours after birth. Their blood glucose data at 1, 2, 6, and 12 hours after birth (with an allowable time error of 0.5 hour) were recorded. According to the presence or absence of brain injury and/or death during hospitalization, the neonates were divided into a poor prognosis group with 693 neonates and a good prognosis group with 779 neonates. The two groups were compared in the incidence of glucose metabolism disorders within 12 hours after birth and short-term prognosis.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the good prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had a significantly higher proportion of neonates from secondary hospitals (48.5% vs 42.6%, @*CONCLUSIONS@#Recurrent hyperglycemia in neonates with asphyxia may suggest poor short-term prognosis, and it is necessary to strengthen the early monitoring and management of the nervous system in such neonates.

Arthroscopic classification and management for the popliteal hiatus of the lateral meniscus tears / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To bring forward an arthroscopic classification of the popliteal hiatus of the lateral meniscus (PHLM) tears and to assess the effects of arthroscopic all-inside repair with suture hook in management of such injuries.@*METHODS@#This study involved 146 patients who underwent arthroscopic operation because of PHLM tears from April 2014 to October 2017, eliminating the patients who had discoid lateral meniscus. There were 81 males and 65 females, with 54 left knees and 92 right knees. The average ages were (34.7±3.7) years. Among the selected participants, there were 107 patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, 39 patients with medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries, and 48 patients with medial meniscus tears. The average preoperative Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores were 57.7±9.2 and 54.1±8.9, respectively. The arthroscopic classification was based on the extent and degree of PHLM tears and using the arthroscopic all-inside repair with suture hook for such injuries. For the patients associated with ACL injuries, the ipsilateral autograft hamstring tendons use as the reconstruction graft for single bundle ACL reconstructions. The suture anchors were used for treatment of MCL Ⅲ injuries, and the arthroscopic all-inside repair for medial meniscus tears.@*RESULTS@#A total of 146 PHLM tears in 146 patients were divided into type Ⅰ (tears not involved in popliteus tendon incisura; n=86, 58.9%), type Ⅱ (tears involved in popliteomeniscal fascicles; n=36, 24.7%), and type Ⅲ (tears involved in popliteus tendon incisura; n=24, 16.4%). For type Ⅰ, there were three subtypes, including type Ⅰa: longitudinal tear (n=53, 61.6%), type Ⅰb: horizontal tear (n=27, 31.4%), and type Ⅰc: radial tear (n=6, 7.0%). For type Ⅱ, there were also three subtypes, including type Ⅱa: anterosuperior popliteomeniscal fascicle tear (n=5, 13.9%), type Ⅱb: posterosuperior popliteomeniscal fascicle tear (n=20, 55.6%), and type Ⅱc: both tears (n=11, 30.6%). For type Ⅲ, there were two subtypes, including type Ⅲa: horizontal tear (n=9, 37.5%), type Ⅲb: radial tear (n=15, 62.5%). In the follow-up for an average of 15.3±2.6 months, all the patients had done well with significantly improved Lysholm (84.6±14.3) and IKDC (83.2±12.8) scores at the end of the last follow-up relative to preoperative scores (P > 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#We propose that it is possible to classify lateral meniscus tears at the popliteal hiatus region for three types, which can summarize the injury characteristics of this area. The arthroscopic all-inside repair with suture hook for the PHLM tears can avoid stitching to popliteal tendon or narrowing popliteal hiatus and have satisfactory clinical results.

Rapid determination of active components in Ginkgo biloba leaves by near infrared spectroscopy combined with genetic algorithm joint extreme learning machine / 中国中药杂志

Near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS) combined with band screening method and modeling algorithm can be used to achieve the rapid and non-destructive detection of the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) production process. This paper focused on the ginkgo leaf macroporous resin purification process, which is the key technology of Yinshen Tongluo Capsules, in order to achieve the rapid determination of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin in effluent. The abnormal spectrum was eliminated by Mahalanobis distance algorithm, and the data set was divided by the sample set partitioning method based on joint X-Y distances(SPXY). The key information bands were selected by synergy interval partial least squares(siPLS); based on that, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS), successive projections algorithm(SPA) and Monte Carlo uninformative variable(MC-UVE) were used to select wavelengths to obtain less but more critical variable data. With selected key variables as input, the quantitative analysis model was established by genetic algorithm joint extreme learning machine(GA-ELM) algorithm. The performance of the model was compared with that of partial least squares regression(PLSR). The results showed that the combination with siPLS-CARS-GA-ELM could achieve the optimal model performance with the minimum number of variables. The calibration set correlation coefficient R_c and the validation set correlation coefficient R_p of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin were all above 0.98. The root mean square error of calibration(RMSEC), the root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP) and the relative standard errors of prediction(RSEP) were 0.030 0, 0.029 2 and 8.88%, 0.041 4, 0.034 8 and 8.46%, 0.029 3, 0.027 1 and 10.10%, respectively. Compared with the PLSR me-thod, the performance of the GA-ELM model was greatly improved, which proved that NIRS combined with GA-ELM method has a great potential for rapid determination of effective components of TCM.

Comparative plastomic analysis of three Bulbophyllum medicinal plants and its significance in species identification / 药学学报

italic>Bulbophyllum orchids are popular for its ornamental appearance and great medicinal values. However, there is still a lack of research on phylogenetic relationship and species identification for this genus. In this study, the plastome sequences of three medicinal Bulbophyllum orchids (Bulbophyllum affine, Bulbophyllum pectinatum, Bulbophyllum funingense) were sequenced and analyzed. After assembly and annotation, it was found that the plastomes of Bulbophyllum plants encoded a total of 108 genes, including 74 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Based on the analysis of mVISTA and comparison between junctions, it was found that the plastome structure of Bulbophyllum orchids was relatively conserved, and the variation mainly existed in the non-coding regions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Bulbophyllum orchids were closely related to Dendrobium orchids. SSR analysis of Bulbophyllum showed that most SSRs were located in the intergenic spacer and had the most single nucleotide repeats. In addition, based on the comparative analysis of non-coding sequences, a total of 10 high-variability sequences were screened out, among which the combination of five non-coding region sequences, including psbI-trnS, psbC-trnS, clpP-ex1-psbB, psaJ-rpl33, rpl33-rps18, had the highest sequence variability and could be used in the species identification study of medicinal plants of Bulbophyllum. In conclusion, this study provides a theoretical basis for phylogenetic relationship and species identification of Bulbophyllum orchids through the comparative analysis of plastome sequences of three medicinal plants of the genus Bulbophyllum.

Impact of 21-Gene Recurrence Score on Chemotherapy Decision in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast with Nodal Micrometastases / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 21-gene recurrence score (RS) on predicting prognosis and chemotherapy decision in node micrometastases (N1mi) breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with stage T1-2N1mi and estrogen receptor-positive IDC diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 were included. The associations of 21-gene RS with breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), chemotherapy decision, and benefit of chemotherapy were analyzed. RESULTS: We identified 4,758 patients including 1,403 patients (29.5%) treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. In the traditional RS cutoffs, 2,831 (59.5%), 1,634 (34.3%), and 293 (6.2%) patients were in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk RS groups, respectively. In 3,853 patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status available, most patients were HER2-negative disease (98.3%). A higher RS was independently related to chemotherapy receipt, and 14.0%, 47.7%, and 77.8% of patients in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk RS groups received chemotherapy, respectively. The multivariate analysis indicated that a higher RS was related to worse BCSS (p < 0.001). The 5-year BCSS rates were 99.3%, 97.4%, and 91.9% in patients with low-, intermediate-, and high-risk RS groups, respectively (p < 0.001). However, chemotherapy receipt did not correlate with better BCSS in low-, intermediate-, or high-risk RS groups. There were similar trends using Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment RS cutoffs. CONCLUSION: The 21-gene RS does predict outcome and impact on chemotherapy decision of N1mi breast IDC. Large cohort and long-term outcomes studies are needed to identify the effects of chemotherapy in N1mi patients by different 21-gene RS groups.

Synthesis of hydrogel polymer coated ZnO nanoparticles and their decontaminating effect against soman in vitro / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the decontamination capability of hydrogel polymer coated ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NP-gel) against soman. METHODS ZnO NP was synthetized using chemical precipitation method and modified with 4-pentenoic acid,and then polymerized with comonomers to obtain ZnO NP-gel. The transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and particle size instrument were used to observe the internal structure,micromorphology,particle size and zeta potential of these materials. An infrared spectroscope (IR) was used to analyze their chemical bond structure,while X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the diffraction pattern.The content of soman was determined by benzidine chromogenic reaction. ZnO NP(1 g·L-1), ZnO NP-gel (1 g·L-1) and distilled water were mixed with soman(52.2 mg·L-1),stood for 30 min,and then filtered before filtrate was subcutaneously injected into mice (40 μL·g-1) to observe the symptoms of poisoning and death. RESULTS SEM and TEM showed that ZnO NP-gel had a block structure, the zeta potential of which was (-7.89 ± 0.04) mV. The results of IR indlicated that ZnO NP-gel had stronger absorption peaks at 754 and 618 cm-1, and XRD revealed that these materials had a sharp peak at 2θ=8.06738°. The decontamination efficiency of ZnO NP-gel was higher than that of ZnO NP group at the same concen?tration (n=3, P<0.05), and the time for decontamination of 50% soman was shortened by four times. The mice were injected subcutaneously with the soman solution treated with ZnO NP-gel, which caused no convulsion or death. CONCLUSION ZnO NP-gel can perform the double function of fast adsorption and catalysis of soman,and the decontamination ability of which could be improved through polymer modification.

High dose nanocrystallization of etoposide and its blood-brain barrier permeability in vitro / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To improve the poor water solubility and evaluating poor acitivity of etoposide (VP-16) by preparing VP-16 nanoparticle suspension (VP-16 NP) and its penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB).METHODS VP-16 NP was prepared with the anti-solution exchange method.The shape structure and diameter were observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), respectively. The drug release profiles of the VP-16 powder and VP-16 NP were measured.The effect of VP-16 NP on the growth of KB cells was observed via MTT assay. In addition, primary brain microvascular endothelial cells from 1stto 2nd generation of SD rats at two weeks of age were used to construct an in vitro BBB model.The classic 4 h leak test,trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) test and fluorescein disodium salt(FLU)perme?ability test were conducted to verify whether the in vitro BBB model was successfully established.RESULTS VP-16 NP was a solid sphere with a size of 140 nm detected by TEM,SEM and DLS.The cumulative release rate of VP-16 NP was 3 times that of VP-16 powder. The results of MTT colorimetric assay showed that VP-16 powder had no inhibitory effect on KB cells,while VP-16 NP could effectively inhibit KB cells. In the 4 h leakage experiment, the top and bottom chambers of the Transwell cell model could maintain a liquid surface distance of >0.5 cm,indicating that the in vitro BBB model was initially formed.The effective resistance value of the TEER experiment was 223 Ω·cm2,indicating that the in vitro BBB model was basically established. In FLU permeability experiments, the permeability coefficients were respectively (0.33±0.04)×10-3,(0.42±0.07)×10-3,and (0.52±0.06)×10-3cm·min-1at 15,30 and 60 min, indicating that the model had low permeability.The above three experiments suggested that the BBB in vitro model was successfully constructed. On this basis, the in vitro BBB model was used to evaluate the penetration of VP-16 NP at a permeability coefficient of (1.87±0.03)×10-3cm·min-1at 30 min,showing high permeability.VP-16 NP showed better penetration of BBB.CONCLUSION VP-16 NP is success?fully prepared,which increases the release rate of the drug,enhances the killing effect of the cells,and shows good penetration through the in vitro BBB model evaluation.

Electroacupuncture Combined with Intracerebral Injection of VEGF Improves Neurological Dysfunction Possibly by Down-regulating Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Related Proteins ATF 6, etc. in Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury Rats / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) and EA combined with intracerebral injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related proteins and genes as activating transcription factor (ATF 6), inositol requiring enzyme-1 (IRE 1), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), X box-binding protein-1 (XBP 1) of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) rats, so as to study its repair effect for CIRI. METHODS: Forty male SD rats were equally and randomly divided into 5 groups: sham operation, model, EA, VEGF and EA+VEGF groups (n=8). The CIRI model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) with thread embolism method. For rats of the sham operation group, the right common carotid artery was isolated without MCAO. EA (2 Hz/100 Hz, 1-3 mA) was applied to "Baihui" (GV 20), left "Quchi" (LI 11) and left "Zusanli" (ST 36) for 30 min, once a day for 14 days. For rats of the VEGF and EA+VEGF groups, 10 µL VEGF (0.025 µg/µL) was injected into the lateral ventricle 24 h after successful modeling. The rats' neurological function was assessed by using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), and the histopathological changes of cerebral tissue were observed by Nissl staining method. The expression levels of ERS related proteins and genes ATF 6, IRE 1, XBP 1 and CHOP were determined by western blot (WB) and fluorescent quantitative PCR, separately. RESULTS: After modeling, the level of mNSS was significantly higher in the model group than in the sham operation group (P<0.05), and the number of Nissl bodies was markedly lower in the model group than in the sham operation group (P<0.05). Following the treatment, the mNSS was significantly lower in the EA, VEGF and EA+VEGF groups than in the model group (P<0.05), and the numbers of Nissl bodies were obviously higher in the EA, VEGF and EA+VEGF groups than in the model group (P<0.05), suggesting an improvement of neurological dysfunction and a repair of the injured cerebral tissue after the treatment. The levels of CIRI-induced increase of mNSS and CIRI-induced decrease of the number of Nissl bodies in the EA+VEGF group were respectively remarkably lower or higher than those of the simple EA and simple VEGF groups (P<0.05). WB and PCR showed that the expression levels of ATF 6, IRE 1, XBP1 and CHOP proteins and genes were notably higher in the model group than in the sham operation group (P<0.05), and considerably lower in the EA, VEGF and EA+VEGF groups than in the model group (P<0.05). Comparison among the three treatment groups showed that after the treatment, the expression levels of ATF 6, IRE 1, XBP1 and CHOP proteins and genes were obviously lower in the EA+VEGF group than in the EA and VEGF groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EA and EA plus intracerebral microinjection of VEGF can improve neurological function and promote cerebral tissue repair in CIRI rats, which is associated with their effects in down-regulating the expression of ERS related proteins ATF 6, IRE 1, XBP1 and CHOP. The effect of EA+VEGF is superior to that of simple EA and simple VEGF.

Three new diterpenoid alkaloids isolated from Aconitum brevicalcaratum / 中国天然药物

In the present study, three new aconitine-type diterpenoid alkaloids brochyponines A-C (1-3) were isolated from the roots of Aconitum brevicalcaratum. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses (IR, HR-ESI-MS, and 1D and 2D NMR). The NMR data of salt form for compound 1 in CDCl were also measured.

Effects of different sports events on bone mineral density in the recent decade:a bibliometric analysis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Marathon runners and cyclists have been found to hold a lower bone mineral density than normal people. The relationship between exercises and bone mineral density as well as the effect of different sports events and exercise load on the bone mineral density need a further investigation. OBJECTIVE: To review and summarize the studies on the effects of different sports events on bone mineral density, thus providing reference for the exercise intervention for osteoporosis. METHODS: PubMed, SpringerLink, PMC, CNKI and WanFang databases were retrieved by bibliometrics for the articles addressing the effect of exercise on bone mineral density published from 2005 to 2015 with the keywords of "osteoporosis, bone mineral density, exercise" in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally, 51 eligible literatures were enrolled for analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The analysis results show that swimming cannot improve the bone mineral density, and bicycle movement significantly reduces the bone mineral density. While the effects of long-distance running and marathon on the bone mineral density still remain unclear. In addition, the ball games and other sports also can significantly improve the bone mineral density.

Establishment of Sprague-Dawley Rat Submandibular Gland Cell Model of Radiation Injury and Repairing Effect of Compatibility of Fructus Mume and Radix Glycyrrhizae / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To establish a submandibular gland(SMG) cell model of radiation injury, and to observe the effect of compatibility of Fructus Mume(Wumei) and Radix Glycyrrhizae(Gancao) on the proliferation of the modeled cells. Methods SMG cells were primarily cultured in vitro for the experiment. After immunofluorescence identification and growth curve analysis, SMG cells were given one-time exposure to X electron-ray at dose of 0.1, 0.2, 1, 2, 4 Gy respectively, and then were cultured with Wumei-Gancao solution at the concentration of 500, 50, 5, 0.5 μg/mL separately. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) was used to determine the survival rate of SMG cells exposed to different doses of X electron-ray and proliferation vitality of SMG cells treated with different concentrations of Wumei-Gancao solution for 24 h. Results The survival rate of SMG cells was decreased gradually with the increase of X electron-ray dose. When the concentrations of Wumei-Gancao solution were in the range of 50 ～ 0.5 μg/mL, the cell proliferation rate showed an increasing trend with the increase of drug concentration, the effect being dose-dependent. When the solution concentration arrived to 500 μg/mL, the cell proliferation rate was declined. Conclusion The SMG cell model of radiation injury has been established successfully under the conditions of 0.1 Gy of one-time exposure, 9 Mev of energy at dose rate 3 Gy/min, hop count at 12 MU and source-skin distance being 100 cm. The concentration of the solution with the compatibitity ratio of Wumei to Gancao being 3:1 has certain effects on repairing the modeled cells.

Three new diterpenoid alkaloids isolated from Aconitum brevicalcaratum / 中国天然药物

In the present study, three new aconitine-type diterpenoid alkaloids brochyponines A-C (1-3) were isolated from the roots of Aconitum brevicalcaratum. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses (IR, HR-ESI-MS, and 1D and 2D NMR). The NMR data of salt form for compound 1 in CDCl were also measured.

Research Progress of External Defibrillation Technique and Its Application / 中国医疗器械杂志

Defibrillator is an important first aid equipment with people attach importance to life and health in today, people pay more attention to the development of defibrillator. This paper reviews the development history of the defibrillator, gives a brief introduction to the structure and working principle of the defibrillator, and then analyzes the key technology of defibrillator, compares the mainstream products on the market and prospects the development trend of defibrillator.

Development of Cardiac Output Monitoring Technology / 中国医疗器械杂志

Cardiovascular disease has become a serious disease that threatens the health of human beings, cardiac output is an important indicator of cardiovascular function, monitoring cardiac output and related hemodynamic parameters have significant clinical value. This article summarizes the development history, principle, method, advantages and disadvantages of various monitoring technologies from three aspects:invasive, minimally invasive and noninvasive, the development and application of cardiac output monitoring technology are prospected.

Fine Management of HIS Operation by the Concept of Information Technology Infrastructure / 中国医院管理

In order to solve the routine IT maintenance problems in the hospital,through combining with the daily work of the IT division in the hospital,the challenges and bottleneck problems are summarized.The core concept of the IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) is used,that is incorporating IT and business,ITIL-based maintenance management system is researched.The management system would simplify the extraneous routine work of the IT division and convert the maintenance staff's working mechanism from a passive trouble-shooting pattern to an automated and standardized management pattern which facilitates the daily work,project management and services.Refined management will thus be achieved.

Specific microRNA expression profiles of lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei region and bioinformatic analysis for predicting their target genes and related signaling pathways / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) related to lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei region and predict their target genes and related signaling pathways based on bioinformatic analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>High-throughput microarray assay was performed to detect miRNA expression profiles in 34 paired human lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal tissues (including 24 cases in Xuanwei region and 10 in other regions). Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses were used to predict the target genes and the regulatory signaling pathways.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirty-four miRNAs were differentially expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues in cases in Xuanwei region as compared with cases in other regions, including 23 upregulated and 11 downregulated miRNAs. The predicted target genes included GF, RTK, SOS, IRS1, BCAP, CYTOKINSR, ECM, ITGB, FAK and Gbeta;Y involving the PI3K/Alt, WNT and MAPK pathways.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The specific microRNA expression profiles of lung adenocarcinoma in cases found in Xuanwei region allow for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei. The predicted target genes may involve the PI3K/Alt, WNT and MAPK pathways.</p>

Recent advances and perspective in the study of the nano-reinforcing materials for molecular imprinting of proteins / 药学学报

Molecular imprinting technique (MIT) involves the synthesis of polymer in the presence of a template to produce complementary binding sites in terms of its size, shape and functional group orientation. Such kind of polymer possesses specific recognition ability towards its template molecule. Despite the rapid development of MIT over the years, the majority of the template molecules that have been studied are small molecules, while molecular imprinting of proteins remains a significant yet challenging task due to their large size, structural flexibility and complex conformation. This review, we summarized the research findings over the past years, and discussed the nano-reinforcing materials used to prepare molecular imprinting of proteins and the perspective of these nano-reinforcing materials.

Influence factors of salt-sensitive hypertension and responses of blood pressure and urinary sodium and potassium excretion to acute oral saline loading among essential hypertensive patients / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the influence factors of salt-sensitive hypertension and to observe changes of blood pressures and urinary sodium and potassium excretion in response to acute oral saline loading among essential hypertensive patients in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Essential hypertensive patients from Beijing Jinzhan second community were included in this study. Salt-sensitivity was determined via the improved Sullivan's acute oral saline loading and furosemide volume-depletion tests. Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to explore influence factors of salt-sensitive hypertension. Acute oral saline loading induced changes on blood pressures and urinary sodium and potassium excretion were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sixty-three salt-sensitive hypertensive patients were classified out of a total of 342(18.4%) essential hypertensive patients. Salt-sensitive patients were elder than the non-salt-sensitive patients (P < 0.05) . Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 1.744, 95%CI:0.922-3.300, P > 0.05) , gender (OR = 0.728, 95%CI:0.374-1.415, P > 0.05) , total cholesterol level (OR = 1.168, 95%CI:0.882-1.547, P > 0.05) and 24-hour urinary sodium (OR = 0.998, 95%CI:0.995-1.002, P > 0.05) were not influencing factors of salt-sensitivity among essential hypertensive patients. Bivariate general linear models for repeated measures showed that there were significant statistical differences on blood pressures and urinary electrolytes concentrations between the beginning of trials, 2 hours after acute saline loading and 2 hours after furosemide volume-depletion(all P < 0.01). There was a greater blood pressures change in salt-sensitive patients than in non-salt-sensitive patients(all P < 0.01) while urinary electrolytes concentrations change was similar between two groups(all P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Age, gender, total cholesterol level and 24-hour urinary sodium are not influencing factors of salt-sensitivity among essential hypertensive patients in this study. Impaired pressure natriuresis during acute oral saline loading and furosemide volume-depletion tests is presented in salt-sensitive essential hypertensive patients.</p>