Semi-rational design improves the catalytic activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase from Anabaena variabilis / 药学学报

Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) can catalyze L-phenylalanine to produce trans-cinnamic acid, which is widely used in the fields of pharmacy, food and agriculture. In particular, phenylalanine ammonia lyase from Anabaena variabilis (AvPAL) is the only protein drug for the treatment of phenylketonuria. However, the poor activity and low stability limit the application in industry of AvPAL. In this study, the key amino acids of substrate-binding cavity in AvPAL were identified by screening the single site saturation mutagenesis library. Subsequently, the impact of replacing M222 with the additional 19 amino acids on activity was also evaluated by site-directed mutagenesis. It was found that the kcat values of mutants M222L and M222V were 90% and 60% higher than that of AvPAL, and the kcat/Km was 1.4 and 1.5 times as that of AvPAL. Molecular docking results revealed that the higher activity of M222L and M222V may be due to the increase of hydrophobicity favorable for the substrate-binding cavity. This study is important for elucidating the structure-function relationship of AvPAL.

VEGF-C/VEGFR-3/iNOS Signaling in Osteosarcoma MG63 Cells Mediates Stimulatory Effects on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Proliferation / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To assess the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) signaling on nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells and the subsequent impact on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). MethodsMG63 cells were treated with VEGF-C alone (VEGF-C group), VEGF-C + iNOS inhibitor aminoguanidine (AG; AG group), and VEGF-C + VEGFR-3 inhibitor MAZ51 (MAZ51 group); untreated MG63 cells were used as controls. NO production was evaluated by a colorimetric method involving nitrate reductase. Meanwhile, mRNA and protein levels of iNOS were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. To explore the effect of VEGF-C/VEGFR-3/iNOS signaling of MG63 cells on proliferation of HUVECs, we set up six groups: HUVECs, HUVECs+MG63, HUVECs+VEGF-C, HUVECs+MG63+VEGF-C, HUVECs+MG63+VEGF-C+AG, and HUVECs+MG63+VEGF-C+MAZ51 groups. The proliferation of HUVEC cells was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression quantitation. ResultsVEGF-C treatment enhanced iNOS expression at both gene and protein levels (mRNA: LSD-

Optimization of Lumbar Oblique-Pulling Manipulation Based on Multi-Rigid Body Mechanical Model / 医用生物力学

Objective Comprehensively considering the effectiveness and safety of massage, a method for evaluating the pros and cons of oscillation excitation and pulse excitation for lumbar oblique-pulling manipulation was proposed, and lumbar oblique-pulling manipulation under oscillation excitation was optimized. Methods A multi-rigid body biomechanical model of thoracolumbar spine was established. The manipulation force was used as the input force of the model. Using MATLAB/Simulink, variation of the displacement and acceleration of each lumbar segment with time was simulated. For the optimization of lumbar massage manipulation, the core elements of massage force, namely, frequency (f) and operand (n) were changed, and then the maximum relative displacement and maximum acceleration of each lumbar segment were compared. A new index z was proposed to comprehensively evaluate effectiveness and safety of the manipulation. Results The maximum relative displacement of each lumbar segment was almost equal when lumbar oblique-pulling manipulation under two kinds of excitation was applied. For lumbar oblique-pulling manipulation, the maximum acceleration of each lumbar segment under oscillation excitation was significantly smaller than that under pulse excitation. When the frequency of massage was 1-2.5 Hz, the overall effect of massage was better, and the overall effect had no relation with the operands, and the force of massage lasted for one operand; when the frequency of message was 3.33 Hz and the operands were more than 5, the massage had the best effect, meanwhile the strength of each lumbar segment was relatively large; when the frequency of massage exceeded 5 Hz, and the overall performance of massage was not good. Conclusions Lumbar oblique-pulling manipulation under oscillation excitation is safer than that under pulse excitation. The research findings provide doctors with a reasonable range of operating parameters for lumbar oblique-pulling manipulation under pulse excitation.

Development of an in vitro Loading Device for Circumferential Stress of Mural Coronary Arteries / 医用生物力学

Objective To design and develop an in vitro simulation device for circumferential stress of mural coronary artery, so as to achieve the in vitro loading of mural circumferential stress under coronary myocardial bridge oppression with different degrees. MethodsUsing the in vitro simulation device for myocardial bridge coronary artery hemodynamics, the in vitro measurement of mural circumferential stress was achieved. Based on the experimental data, the in vitro loading of mural circumferential stress under coronary myocardial bridge oppression with different degrees was achieved. Results The in vitro measurement experiment showed that the maximum, average and fluctuation of circumferential stress at proximal end of mural coronary artery would increase significantly with the increase in the degree of myocardial bridge oppression. The in vitro loading experiment of mural circumferential stress verified that the loading waveform coincided basically with the experimental waveform from in vitro measurement. Conclusions The device could realize the in vitro loading of mural circumferential stress, which provided an in vitro simulation platform which was as close as possible to the in vivo environment, so as to explore the influence from hemodynamic abnormality of proximal mural coronary artery on the occurrence of atherosclerosis and plaque rupture.

The distribution of sleep duration in mid－pregnancy and its association with prehypertension / 中华疾病控制杂志

@#Objective To study the distribution of sleep duration in mid－pregnancy women and examine its association with prehypertension ( PHT) ． Methods In the baseline survey of a prospective cohort study，943 women in mid－pregnancy were recruited in Guangzhou，China in 2017－2018． A standardized questionnaire was used to assess demographic characteristics，sleep duration and other lifestyles． We obtained maternal blood pressure values，weights，heights，and medical histories from medical records． Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between sleep duration and PHT． Ｒesults The average daily sleep duration of women in mid －pregnancy was ( 10. 41 ± 1. 67 ) hours，and it was negatively related to age and educational level． Overall，98. 33% of pregnant women had a daily sleep duration ≥ 7 h and the distribution was related to passive smoking． The average night time sleep duration was ( 9. 48±1. 21 ) hours，and it was negatively related to age and educational level． The daytime sleep duration was ( 0. 93 ± 0. 69 ) hours，and it was positively associated with physical activity． The average bedtime was( 22 ∶ 42 ± 1．24) ，and it was positively associated with passive smoking． The prevalence of PHT was 9. 61%． We did not observe any significant association between sleep duration and PHT． Conclusions The mid－pregnancy women in Guangzhou had relatively long sleep duration， and it differed by maternal age，educational level，physical activity，and passive smoking． There was no significant association between sleep duration and PHT．

Preparation of galangin molecular imprinted polymers on silica gel surface and its adsorption properties / 中草药

Objective To prepare surface molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) of galangin by using surface molecular imprinting technique. Methods Galangin MIP was prepared by surface polymerization method at the surface of silica gel, which was modified with (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane, by using galangin as the template molecule, methacrylic acid (MAA) as the functional monomer, and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent. The polymer was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. And its adsorption properties were studied by static and competitive adsorption method. Results The experimental research showed that the optimal preparation condition was that the molar ration of galangin to MAA was 1∶4, with molar ration of MAA to MBA 1∶7, reaction temperature 40 ℃ and reaction time 12 h. Infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscopy showed that MIP was successfully grafted on the surface of silica gel, and recognition holes and sites selectively appeared for galangin molecules. Adsorption experiments exhibited that MIP had specific recognition and good affinity for galangin molecules. Compared to the controls of breviscapine and luteolin, the selectivity coefficients of MIP to galangin were 11.2 and 5.3, respectively. Conclusion MIP has good recognition and high selectivity for galangin, which provides a new method for the separation and extraction of flavonoids from Chinese medicine.

Etiological Analysis of Community-acquired Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Children in Kunming / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate epidemiological characteristics of pathogenic bacteria of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection in children in Kunming (with an altitude of 1860 m) . Methods The results of bacterial culture of 9793 patients with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital from Jan 2011 to Nov 2015 were reviewed.Results Among the 9793 phlegm samples from the children patients with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection, 8433 (86.10%) phlegm samples were qualified, 2 918 (34.6%) had a positive bacterial culture.The pathogenic bacteria mainly were gram-negative bacteria (1 839 strains, 58.9%), and gram-positive bacteria (1 284 strains, 41.4%) . The detection rate of gram-negative bacteria was increasing, among which Haemophilus was in a leading position (768 strains, 24.60%),followed by Streptococcus pneumonia (665 strains, 21.3%),E. coli (315 strains, 10.10%), Staphylococcus aureus (310 strains, 9.9%), Moraxella catarrhalis (272 strains, 8.7%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacillus (224 strains, 7.2%) . The detection rates of six common bacteria in different seasons were significantly different (P＜0.05) . The detection rates of six common bacteria except Moraxella catarrhalis in different age groups were significantly different (P＜0.05) . Conclusions Gram-negative bacterium was the main pathogenic bacteria for those children who got community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections. Haemophilus influenza was the most common pathogenic bacteria and the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in winter was high. The most common pathogenic bacteria in infants and toddler were Haemophilus influenza. The most common pathogen in preschool and school-age children was Streptococcus pneumonia.The pathogenic bacteria of lower respiratory tract infection in the children community of Kunming are different from those in the plain area.

Updates in timing of initiation of renal replacement therapy in patients with acute kidney injury / 解放军医学杂志

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common serious complications in Intensive Care Unit (ICU),and also an independent risk factor for death.It is associated with a substantial increase in morbidity and mortality.AKI occurs in about 13 million people per year,and the mortality of AKI was 13.1％.A meta analysis showed that the incidence of AK1 was 0.99％-11.6％ in China.Renal replacement therapy (RRT) has become one of the conventional treatments for AKI patients,however the timing of RRT initiation in patients with AKI has not yet been defined.In this article,based on the two recent large randomized controlled trials (RCT),the timing to start or terminate the treatment are reviewed.

Artesunate induces apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells by increasing generation of reactive oxygen species / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effect of reactive oxygen species(ROS)on the apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by artesunate.METHODS:The effect of artesunate on the viability of HepG 2 cells was measured by MTT assay. The morphological changes of the apoptotic cells were observed by the method of Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining.The apoptosis of HepG2 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry.DCFH-DA was used to detect the changes of ROS generation dur-ing the process of apoptosis.The protein levels of Bax ,Bcl-2,cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome C(Cyt C)were deter-mined by Western blot.HepG2 cells were pretreated with apocynin and then Western blot was used to detect the expression of p47phox and p22phox,and ROS changes were analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Compare with control group,the cell viability was obviously inhibited after treatment with artesunate for 24 h(P<0.05).The nuclei were densely stained ,and the proportion of apoptotic cells was increased(P<0.05).ROS was increased significantly(P<0.05).The results of Western blot demonstrated that the expression level of Bax was increased ,Bcl-2 was decreased ,the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was increased ,and the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Cyt C were increased.Pretreatment with apocynin reduced the expression of p47phox and p22phox and the generation of ROS in the artesunate treatment group.CONCLUSION:Artesu-nate induces the apoptosis of HepG 2 cells.The possible mechanism may be related to the increase in the generation of ROS.

Effect of cordycepin on apoptosis and autophagy of tongue cancer cells in vitro and the molecular mechanism / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of cordycepin on cell cycle, apoptosis and autophagy of human tongue cancer TCA-8113 cells and explore the mechanism of cordycepin for inhibiting the occurrence of tongue cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CCK-8 method was used to assess the inhibitory effect of cordycepin on TCA-8113 cell proliferation in vitro. The cell cycle and cell apoptosis of TCA-8113 cells treated with different concentrations of cordycepin were analyzed using flow cytometry. The expressions of apoptosis-related genes caspase-3, caspase-9, Bcl-2, and Bax were examined using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of autophagy-related proteins LC-3β, P62, p-mTOR, and AMPK.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CCK-8 assay showed that cordycepin significantly inhibited the proliferation of TCA-8113 cells in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC of 3.548 mg/mL at 24 h and an IC of 1.185 mg/mL at 48 h. Flow cytometric analysis showed that cordycepin caused cell cycle arrest at S phase and dose-dependently increased the apoptotic rate of TCA-8113 cells. Treatment of the cells with cordycepin enhanced the expressions of Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 at both the mRNA and protein levels and inhibited the expression of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that cordycepin promoted the expression of LC-3β and AMPK and inhibited the expression of P62 and p-mTOR.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cordycepin inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of HCT-116 cells through the mitochondrial pathway and induces autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway.</p>

Dihydroartemisinin inhibits proliferation of pancreatic cancer JF-305 cells by regulating expression of apoptosis related proteins and production of reactive oxygen species / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the effect of dihydroartemisinin on apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cell line JF-305 and the role of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in the apoptosis of JF-305 cells induced by dihydroartemisinin. MTT assays were used to detect effect of different concentrations of dihydroartemisinin on cells proliferation of JF-305 lines. Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry, and the apoptotic morphology was observed by Hoechst 333258 fluorescence staining. Annexin V fluorescence staining was used to detect the apoptosis changes of JF-305 cells, while DCFH-DA was used to detect the changes of ROS during apoptosis process. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression changes of Bax, Bcl-2, Cleaved caspase-3, Cleaved caspase-9 and Cyto C. As compared with the control group, the JF-305 cells proliferation was inhibited significantly(P<0.05) after treatment with different concentrations of dihydroartemisimin for 48 h; cell cycle was blocked in the G2/M phase; apoptotic morphology of nuclear condensation, aggregation, and fragmentation was found, and the apoptosis ratio was increased(P<0.05). DCFH-DA detection showed that the cell ROS was increased significantly after dihydroartemisinin treatment(P<0.05). Western blot results showed that the expression of Bcl-2 protein was down-regulated; the expression of Bax protein was up-regulated; the ration of Bax/Bcl-2 was increased and the protein expression levels of Cleaved caspase-3, Cleaved caspase-9 and Cyto C were increased after dihydroartemisinin treatment. Therefore, dihydroartemisinin could induce apoptosis of JF-305 cells, and the possible mechanism may be related to the formation and increasing of ROS.

Analgesic Effect of Continuous Femoral Nerve Block Combined with Parecoxib on Patients Undergoing Total Knee Replacement Surgery / 现代生物医学进展

Objective:To investigate the postoperative analgesia effect of continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) combined with parecoxib on the patients with Total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:A total of 100 patients,who underwent unilateral TKA in Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2015 to December 2016,were selected and randomly divided into study group (n=50) and control group (n=50).After TKA,the patients of two groups were received CFNB,CFNB combined with parecoxib analgesia respectively,analgesic time was 2 days.The visual analogue pain scores (VAS) of the patients of two groups at rest and during exercise and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions were observed at 6h,12 h,24 h,48 h after operation.The Hospital Special Surgery knee score (HSS) was used to evaluate the joint function of patients in the two groups 1 d before operation and 1 d,2 d,3 d after operation.Results:Resting state VAS and motion state VAS in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group 6 h,12 h,24 h,and 48 h after operation (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence of nausea / vomiting,respiratory depression,catheter related problems,and urinary retention between the two groups (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in HSS score between the two groups 1 d before operation(P＞0.05).The HSS scores of the patients in the two groups 1 d,2 d,3 d after operation were significantly higher than those 1d before operation,and the HSS scores of the patients in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:CFNB combined with parecoxib has the advantages of good analgesic effect and safety for postoperative analgesia of the patients undergoing TKA,which is good for the patients' early knee joint function exercise and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Effect of Qidan Granule on PMC Derived Peptide Content and Structure of Hippocampal CA1 Region in Microwave Radiated Rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the protection of high intensity microwave radiation on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) activity and hippocampal CA1 structure in rats and the protectiveeffect of Qindan Granule (QG) on radiation injured rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 48 Wistar rats were randomlydivided into 8 groups, i.e., the normal control group, post-radiation day 1, 7, and 10 groups, 7 and 10days prevention groups, day 7 and 10 treatment groups, 6 in each group. Rats in prevention groups wererespectively administered with QG liquid (1 mL/100 g, 4. 75 g crude drugs) for 7 days and 10 days bygastrogavage and then microwave radiation. Then preventive effect for radiation injury was statisticallycalculated with the normal control group and the post-radiation day 1 group. Rats in treatment groupswere firstly irradiated, and then administered with QG liquid (1 mL/100 g, 4.75 g crude drugs). Finally preventive effect for radiation injury was statistically calculated with the normal control group, post-radiation day 7 and 10 groups. Contents of corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), beta endorphin (beta-EP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were detected. Morphological changes and structure of hippocampal CA1 region were observed under light microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal control group, contents of CRH and beta-EP significantly decreased in each radiation group. Serum contents of ACTH and beta-EP significantly increased in post-radiation day 1 and 7 groups (P < 0.05). Compared with radiation groups, beta-EP content in serum and pituitary significantly increased, and serum ACTH content significantly decreased in prevention groups (P < 0.05). Pituitary contents of CRH and beta-EP significantly increased in prevention groups. Serum contents of ACTH, beta-EP, and HSP70 were significantly lower in day 7 treatment group than post-radiation day 7 group (P < 0.05). Morphological results showed that pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region arranged in disorder, with swollen cells, shrunken and condensed nucleus, dark dyeing cytoplasm, unclear structure. Vessels in partial regions were dilated with static blood; tissues were swollen and sparse. In prevention and treatment groups pathological damage of hippocampal CA1 region was obviously attenuated; neurons were arranged more regularly; swollen, pycnotic, or deleted neuron number were decreased; vascular dilatation and congestion was lessened.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QG could affect HPAA function and activity of high intensity microwave radiated rats, showing certain preventive and therapeutic effects of microwave radiated rats by adjusting synthesis and release of partial bioactive peptides and hormones in HPAA, improving pathological injury in hippocampal CA1 region.</p>

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes

Genome editing tools such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated system (Cas) have been widely used to modify genes in model systems including animal zygotes and human cells, and hold tremendous promise for both basic research and clinical applications. To date, a serious knowledge gap remains in our understanding of DNA repair mechanisms in human early embryos, and in the efficiency and potential off-target effects of using technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 in human pre-implantation embryos. In this report, we used tripronuclear (3PN) zygotes to further investigate CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human cells. We found that CRISPR/Cas9 could effectively cleave the endogenous β-globin gene (HBB). However, the efficiency of homologous recombination directed repair (HDR) of HBB was low and the edited embryos were mosaic. Off-target cleavage was also apparent in these 3PN zygotes as revealed by the T7E1 assay and whole-exome sequencing. Furthermore, the endogenous delta-globin gene (HBD), which is homologous to HBB, competed with exogenous donor oligos to act as the repair template, leading to untoward mutations. Our data also indicated that repair of the HBB locus in these embryos occurred preferentially through the non-crossover HDR pathway. Taken together, our work highlights the pressing need to further improve the fidelity and specificity of the CRISPR/Cas9 platform, a prerequisite for any clinical applications of CRSIPR/Cas9-mediated editing.

Clinical effect analysis of different surgical treatment of primary pterygium / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

To compare and analyze the clinical treatment effect of primary pterygium with amniotic membrane transplantation, autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation and intraoperative application of 0. 2g/L mitomycin C.METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 232 patients who were underwent primary pterygium surgery was performed. Eighty-two cases were treated with amniotic membrane transplantation, 90 with autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation, and 60 with intraoperative application of 0. 2g/L mitomycin C. The postoperative recurrence and complications of three operative methods were compared.RESULTS: The recurrence rate of autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation and intraoperative application of 0. 2g/L mitomycin C was lower than that of amniotic membrane transplantation ( P 0. 05 ). Corneal epithelium defect, tears and photophobia were higher in 0.2g/L mitomycin C group (P0. 05). Conjunctival congestion and subconjunctival hemorrhage in three groups had no statistical difference (P>0. 05).CONCLUSlON: Compared with other two operative methods, autologous corneal limbus stem cell transplantation for primary pterygium has the advantages of lower recurrence rate and less complications.

Effects oftwo kinds of crystals priming on levels of glucose and lactic acidin pediatrics withcardiopul-monary bypass during congenital heart surgery / 实用医学杂志

Objective To compare the effect of Acetate Sodium Potassium Magnesium Calcium and lactate ringers′ as priming solution in pediatrics with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during congenital heart surgery. Methods Sixty children, aged 1-6 years, weighting 8 to 20 kg, with ASA Ⅱ to Ⅲ class and with ventricular or atrial septal defect elective , received heart surgery with CPB. They were randomly divided into two groups: the lactate ringers′ group (R) and the sodium acetate, potassium, magnesium and calcium glucose injection pre-filled group (L). Levels of artery blood gas, lactic, gluclose, electrolytes were detected at the time points of induction of anesthesia (T1), aortic cross damping (T2), stopping before (T3), and closing chest later (T4). Results Levels of the blood glucose and lactic acid in the two groups post-CPB were increased (P 0.05). Conclusion Sodium, potassium , magnesium , calcium and glucose injection as children CPB priming crystalloid fluid could provide energy substrate, reduce lactic acid concentration, with little effect on electrolyte and blood gas.

The expressions of EphrinB2 and VEGF in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and their clinical significance / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expressions of EphrinB2 and VEGF in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and their relationships with clinic pathological factors.@*METHOD@#The expressions of EphrinB2 and VEGF in 136 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinomas, and 20 cases of nasopharyngitis tissues were detected by SP method immunohistochemistry.@*RESULT@#1) The positive rates of EphrinB2 and VEGF were 63.2% and 67.6% respectively in 136 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinomas. Their positive rate in nasopharyneal carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than those in nasopharyngitis tissues (P<0.01). 2) Intensity of the expression of EphrinB2 and VEGF protein was related to lymphnodes metabasis, cranial nerve palsy, basalis encroachment, clinical stage respectively (P<0.01). 3) The expression of EphrinB2 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and was positively correlated with VEGF (P< 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Ephrinbeta2 and VEGF may play important roles in invasiveness, metastasis and angiogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. There may be certain inter regulation mechanism between them and they are hoped to become new biologic parameters to judge the pathogenesis, development and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to guide the treatment.

Effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on activation, proliferation, and apoptosis of murine T lymphocytes in vitro / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on activation and proliferation of murine T lymphocytes in vitro and to elucidate the mechanism of the immunosuppressive effect of ginsenoside Rb1. Methods: Cell suspensions were prepared from murine lymph nodes. T lymphocytes were treated with different concentrations of ginsenoside Rb1 and stimulated with polyclonal activator concanavalin (ConA). Fluorescence conjugated monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression of CD3/CD69 and CD4/CD25. After the staining with CFDA-SE, T lymphocytes were stimulated with polyclonal activator ConA. The proliferation of T lymphocytes, after stimulated by ConA, was detected using the method of MTT. The distribution of the cell apoptosis was analyzed by staining both DIOC and PI. Results: In a dose-dependent manner, ginsenoside Rb1 (5, 10, and 20 μmol/L) could significantly inhibit T lymphocytes activation index (P<0.01) stimulated by ConA and proliferation index (P<0.05) stimulated by ConA. Ginsenoside Rb1 could also reduce the apoptosis of T lymphocytes stimulated by H2O2. Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rb1 can effectively inhibit the activation and proliferation of murine T lymphocytes, and ginsenoside Rb1 is a potential effective immunoinhibitory agent.

Sero-epidemiological investigation on Rickettsia typhi,Bartonella henselae and Orientia tsutsugamushi in farmers from rural areas of Tianjin,2007-2009 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the sero-epidemiological starus regarding Rickettsia (R.) typhi,Bartonella (B.) henselae and Orientia (O.) tsutsugamushi in farmers from rural areas of Tianjin.Methods Field epidemiological surveys were performed in 8 districts (county) of Tianjin city from 2007 to 2009.886 farmers were randomly recruited and their serum samples collected to detect the specific antibodies of R.typhi,B.henselae and O.tsutsugamushi by micro-indirect immunoflorescence (IFA).Results The total antibody positive rates of R.typhi increased from 5.0% to 58.2% while B.heaselae had an increase from 2.6% to 14.5% and O.tsutsugamushi increased from 1.8% to 39.8%.Geographic distribution showed that farmers living in the central and southeast areas were higher than that in other areas.Conclusion Infections of both R.typhi,B.henselae and O.tsutsugamushi in farmers from Tianjin areas were popular and the antibody positive rates ofR.typhi,B.henselae and O.tsutsugamushi had an annual increase.

Therapeutic effect of iron sucrose and human erythropoietin on renal anemia / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To determine the efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose and oral iron dextran in renal anemia patients. Methods Sixty renal anemia patients were randomized into two groups:intravenous iron group(IV group, 100 mg iron sucrose twice a week) and oral iron group(oral group, 150 mg iron dextran every day). The changes in hemoglobin (Hb),hematocrit (Hct),serum ferritin (SF),and transferrin saturation (TSAT) were assessed on week 4,8, and 12 after treatment. The maintenance dosages of erythropoietin (EPO) after reaching treatment target and the adverse events were also observed. Results Hb increased after treatment in IV group [(79.87 ± 13.19) g/L to (106.11 ± 12.38) g/L] and oral group [(85.41 ± 11.49) g/L to (94.68 ± 10.06) g/L],and compared with that before treatment, there was significant difference in each group(P< 0.01 ). Also significant difference showed in Hb levels after treatment between two groups(P< 0.01 ). SF and TSAT levels were higher after treatment in IV group than those in oral group (P < 0.01 ). The adverse event was lower in IV group (0) than that in oral group (16.7%,5/30).Conclusions Oral iron dextran which has more adverse events and poor efficacy in curing anemia, can not correct anemia ideally. Meanwhile intravenous iron sucrose has positive effects on renal anemia with low adverse events, and it can be used as a long term iron supplementation in hemodialysis patients.