Study on metabolism of Pulsatilla saponin in normal and ulcerative colitis model rats by UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE technology / 药学学报

In this study, ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer-MSE (UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE) combined with UNIFI analysis platform was used to rapidly analyze and identify the metabolites of hederagenins 3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-α-L-arabopyranoside (Pulsatilla saponin D) and oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-α-L-arabopyranoside (Pulsatilla saponin B7) and hederagenins 3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabopyranoside (Pulsatilla saponin BD) in plasma and colonic tissue of normal and ulcerative colitis (UC) rats. The database and analysis methods were established based on the precise molecular weight of compounds, retention time, neutral loss and reported data, and then the final data were obtained by comparing with the blank control group, combining with the deviation and the cracking rule of the compound. The results showed that the glucoses, hydroxylation and dehydroxylation, methylation and demethylation, dehydrogenation, decarboxylation and hydrolysis of saponin D, B7 and BD occurred in the plasma and colon tissues of normal and UC model rats. This study will clarify the metabolic transformation of Pulsatilla saponins D, B7 and BD in rats, determine the prototype components and their metabolites that enter the body, and whether colon injury will affect their metabolism in vivo, so as to explore the possible anti-colitis effective components in the prototype or metabolites of Pulsatilla saponins D, B7 and BD. This experiment was approved by Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University (approval number: Y202227).

Psychiatric Morbidities Among Post Flood Elderly Victims In Kelantan, Malaysia

The objective of this study was to assess the depression, PostTraumatic Stress disorder (PTSD) and its associated factors among the elderly flood victims in Tumpat, Kelantan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2015 in three villages in Tumpat, Kelantan. Face to face interviews were conducted using socio-demographic performa, Malay version Geriatric Depression Scale 14 (M-GDS 14), Malay version Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) and flood-related questionnaires. Results: One hundred elderly respondents completed the study. The prevalence of depression and traumatic stress was 15.0% and 17.8%, respectively. The risk factors for depression are being female (Odds ratio [OR] = 5, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.27, 19.99), family history of mental illness (OR = 39.5, 95% CI: 1.41, 1063.08) and elderly with traumatic stress (OR= 5.38, 95% CI: 1.53, 18.9). There was significant correlation between depression and traumatic stress (r= 0.36, p<0.001). Conclusion: In the aftermath of a natural disaster, female and those who have PTSC are more likely to develop depression. It is suggested to expand this research to a bigger population as well as another flood affected states in Malaysia. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 17 (2): July – December 2016: XX XX.

Clinical analysis on four cases of occupational chronic toxic peripheral neuropathy caused by 1-bromopropane / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features of occupational chronic toxic peripheral neuropathy caused by1-bromopropan( 1-BP). METHODS: Clinical data of 4 patients who suffered from occupational chronic toxic peripheral neuropathy caused by 1-BP were collected for retrospective analysis. RESULTS: The 4 male patients were ultrasonic cleaning operation workers in a hardware vacuum coating enterprise. They were exposed to high levels of 1-BP for 9-11 months. The main clinical manifestations were varying degrees of sensory disorder and dyskinesia. The main symptoms were progressive increase of numbness and fatigue in the lower extremities. These symptoms might be accompanied by unsteady gait.Physical examination showed muscle strength weakness in the double lower limbs. The hypalgesia,pselaphesia,topesthesia and pallesthesia decreased in the double lower limbs or 4 limbs. The bilateral achilles tendon reflex mainly showed reduced or disappeared. One case had sensory ataxia. Electroneuromyography examination showed different levels of peripheral nerve damage among the cases. The motor nerve conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity reduced commonly. The axon and myelin sheath damage were visible. On the basis of GBZ / T 247-2013 Diagnosis of Occupational Chronic Toxic Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Chemicals,these cases were diagnosed as occupational chronic toxic peripheral neuropathy caused by 1-BP. CONCLUSION: Long-term exposure to high level 1-BP can lead to chronic poisoning with peripheral nervous system damage. The diagnosis can be made based on the 1-BP exposure history,clinical features and the neurogenic damage found in electroneuromyography examination.

Effect of cadmium chloride on the expression of KIM-1 in in vitro HK-2 cell culture / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cadmium chloride on the expression of kidney injury molecule-1( KIM-1)in human renal tubular epithelial cells( HK-2 cells). METHODS: HK-2 cells at logarithmic phase were divided into a control group and 5 treatment groups that were treated with 5. 0,10. 0,20. 0,50. 0 and 100. 0 μmol / L of cadmium chloride dissolved in phosphate buffer solution. Cell pathology observation was carried out after 24 hours of cultivation. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to calculate the survival rate of HK-2 cells. The expression of KIM-1 mRNA and protein were detected by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis respectively.RESULTS: There were no cellular morphologic change in HK-2 cells in the control group,the 5. 0 and 10. 0 μmol / L groups;the HK-2 cells showed different degree of swellings or vacuoles in the 20. 0 and 50. 0 μmol / L groups; a large number of cells were found dead in the 100. 0 μmol / L group. The cell survival rates of HK-2 cells in the 20. 0,50. 0 and 100. 0μmol /L groups were lower than those of control group,the 5. 0 and 10. 0 μmol /L groups( P < 0. 05). The pairwise comparison among survival rates of the 20. 0,50. 0 and 100. 0 μmol / L groups showed significant difference( P < 0. 05).The expression levels of KIM-1 mRNA and protein in the 20. 0 and 50. 0 μmol / L groups were higher than those of control group,the 5. 0 and 10. 0 μmol / L groups( P < 0. 05). The levels of KIM-1 mRNA and protein in the 50. 0 μmol / L group were higher than those of the 20. 0 μmol / L group( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Cadmium chloride at certain concentration can increase the expression of KIM-1 mRNA and protein in HK-2 cells. Therefore,the expression of KIM-1 could be used as one of the effect biomarkers for cadmium induced kidney tubule injury.

The Status and Associated Factors of Successful Aging among Older Adults Residing in Longevity Areas in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aims to assess the status of successful aging (SA) in longevity areas in China and explore multiple factors associated with SA among the young-old and oldest-old.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2296 elderly people aged 65 and older were interviewed in the longevity areas sub-sample of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2012. Baseline assessments included a researcher-administered questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory testing. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with SA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of SA was 38.81% in the CLHLS in 2012. There were significant differences between ages groups, with SA compromising 56.85% among ⋝65 years group and 20.31% among ⋝100 years group (χ2trend=126.73, P<0.01). The prevalence of SA among females was 33.59%, which was significantly lower than that among males (45.58%) (χ2gender=33.65, P<0.05). In the regression analysis, having anemia (OR=0.744, 95% CI: 0.609-0.910), poor lifestyle (OR=0.697, 95% CI: 0.568-0.854), poor sleep quality (OR=0.558, 95% CI: 0.456-0.682), and central obesity (OR=0.684, 95% CI: 0.556-0.841) were the main factors associated with SA. The promoting SA rate decreased as age increased, and the group of 65-79 years had higher odds than the other age group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Preventing central obesity, improving sleep quality and promoting healthy lifestyle may contribute to achieve SA among the elderly.</p>

Analgesic effects and structural elucidation of two new flavone C-glycosides from Artemisa sacrorum / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to isolate and characterize the analgesic compounds of Artemisa sacrorum Ledeb. The EtOAc crude extracts from the aerial parts of Artemisa sacrorum Ledeb were separated by chromatography and the structures of new compounds were elucidated based on spectral analyses. Analgesic activities of the isolated compounds were assessed in rats with hot plate test and paw pressure assay. Two new flavone C-glycosides, named as Sacroroside A and B (Compounds 1 and 2) were isolated from the EtOAc crude extract of the aerial parts ofArtemisa sacrorum Ledeb. They showed significant analgesic effects. In conclusion, Compounds 1 and 2 are new natural products, which show significant analgesic effects in a dose-dependent manner.

Clinical significance of C-reactive protein and homocysteine in type 2 diabetes with depressive disorder / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the changes of C- reactive protein( CRP ) and homocysteine ( Hcy)in the type 2 diabetes with depression,and its clinical significance and potential mechanism. Methods One hundred and twenty-four cases with type 2 diabetes were divided into the depression group(63 cases)and non-depression group( 61 cases ) according to the Self-Rating Depression Scale and verified by Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. The information including age,sex,education degree,body mass index,course of disease and the number of complications were recorded. The levels of CRP,Hcy,fasting plasma glucose( FPG ),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and blood lipid were measured. The depression group was divided into mild,medium and heavy group to compared the changes of Hcy and CRP. Results The levels of Hcy,HbA1c and the number of complications in depression group were 11. 5( 8. 6,15. 6 )μmol/L,( 10. 13 ± 2. 17 )%,and 2( 1,3 ) respectively,higher than that of non-depression group(8. 6(7. 4,11. 2)μmol/L,(9. 33 ± 2. 20)%,1(0,2)), while the education degree of depression group((9. 75 ± 3. 36)years)was lower than that of non-depression group((11. 56 ± 3. 73)years),and the differences were significant( t/Z = -3. 537,0. 952,-2. 339,0. 228 respectively;P ﹤0. 05). The levels of Hcy in mild,medium and heavy depression group were(8. 75(7. 45, 10. 45)μmol/L,12. 2(8. 90,14. 40)μmol/L,19. 50(14. 33,28. 03)μmol/L respectively and the difference was significant(F =25. 963,P =0. 000). No significance difference was found in terms of CRP level(2. 35 (1. 10,4. 92)mg/L,3. 25(1. 11,5. 68)mg/L,2. 32(1. 27,5. 41)mg/L;F=0. 194,P=0. 907). There was significant correlation between depression scores and Hcy( r=0. 615,P=0. 000). Conclusion Type 2 diabetes with depression is associated with the level of blood glucose,education degree and the course of disease. Hcy,not CRP is an independent risk factor of type 2 diabetes with depression.

Study on the compatibility of yttria-stabilized zirconia framework bonded to the corresponding veneering ceramic / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the bonding properties and interface characterization of a domestic 3mol yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconium polycrystal (3Y-TZP) framework fired on with 4 different veneering ceramics for zirconia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>4 different commercial veneering ceramics for zirconia (VITA VM9, SHOFU VINTAGE ZR, IPS e.max Ceram, Cercon ceram kiss) were sintered on 3Y-TZP rectangulars (15 mmx5 mmx5 mm) according to the manufacturers' instructions for shear bond strength test, a metal-ceramic system(Ni-Cr alloy/VITA VMK95) was fabricated in the same type as a control group. Two bilayered specimens (3Y-TZP/VITA VM9, Ni-Cr/VMK95) were prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy distribution spectrum (EDS).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The values of shear bond strength test were (18.83 +/- 1.77) MPa for 3Y-TZP/VITA VM9, (23.83 +/- 7.05) MPa for 3Y-TZP/SHOFU VINTAGE ZR, (17.87 +/- 2.30) MPa for 3Y-TZP/IPS e.max Ceram, (22.26 +/- 7.45) MPa for 3Y-TZP/Cercon ceram kiss, (20.55 +/- 5.13) MPa for Ni-Cr alloy/VITA VMK95. There was no statistically significant between all-ceramic groups and the control group (P > 0.05). The failure modes in all-ceramic groups showed predominately adhesive at the interface. SEM showed the 3Y-TZP/VITA VM9 contacted tightly at the interface, while EDS detected Si element diffused into 3Y-TZP material.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results indicate that domestic 3Y-TZP has a good interface compatibility with 4 commercial veneering ceramics, as a dental framework material, it can satisfy the clinical requirements.</p>