ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To search for a safe and convenient surgical method for management of urethral disruption.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed urethral realignment for 18 cases of posterior urethral disruption and 4 cases of ruptured bulbous urethra using the urethral guidance probe following bladder puncture stoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Urethral realignment was accomplished in 21 of the cases, 18 under epidural and 3 under local anesthesia, with the mean blood loss of 20 ml and the average operation time of 18 minutes. Open surgery was necessitated in 1 case due to the complication of bladder rupture. Routine postoperative urethral dilation extended for 3 months, and all the cases were followed up for 3 to 24 months. The maximum urine flow rate was 15-22 ml/s in 13 cases and 10-14 ml/s in 7. One case received urethral anastomosis 3 months later because of urethrostenosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Urethral realignment with the urethral guidance probe is a safe, convenient and effective surgical strategy for the management of urethral disruption.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anastomosis, Surgical , Methods , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome , Urethra , Wounds and Injuries , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To study the integration of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA into sperm chromosomes in hepatitis B patients and the features of its integration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sperm chromosomes of 14 subjects (5 healthy controls and 9 HB patients, including 1 acute hepatitis B, 2 chronic active hepatitis B, 4 chronic persistent hepatitis B, 2 HBsAg chronic carriers with no clinical symptoms) were prepared using interspecific in vitro fertilization between zona-free hamster oocytes and human spermatozoa. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to sperm chromosome spreads was carried out with biotin-labeled full length HBV DNA probe to detect the specific HBV DNA sequences in the sperm chromosomes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Specific fluorescent signal spots for HBV DNA were seen in sperm chromosomes of one patient with chronic persistent hepatitis B. In 9 (9/42) sperm chromosome complements containing fluorescent signal spots, one presented 5 obvious FISH spots and the others 2 to 4 signals. The fluorescence intensity showed significant difference among the signal spots. The distribution of signal sites among chromosomes seems to be random.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HBV could integrate into human sperm chromosomes. Results suggest that the possibility of vertical transmission of HBV via the germ line to the next generation is present.</p>