ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics and homology of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)isolated from patients in intensive care units (ICUs)of a hospital,so as to provide laboratory basis for the effective control of healthcare-associated infection(HAI). Methods 62 S. aureus strains isolated from various specimens from ICU patients with infection in March-August 2013 were collected,7 housekeeping genes were amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR),the amplified products were sequenced,ST typing of strains was performed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST ), phylogenetic analysis of ST typing was conducted. Results 62S. aureus strains were amplified specific product of 7 housekeeping genes;there were 10 ST genotypes, in which 2 ST genotypes(STn1and STn2)were first discovered,1 ST genotype(ST675)was first discovered domes-tically. ST239 was the main ST type of S. aureus from ICU patients in this hospital,accounting for 74.20% ,which distributed in 6 ICUs,ST5 distributed in 3 ICUs. 62 strains formed 7 main branches in the phylogenetic tree,55 (88.71% )MRSA strains were detected. Conclusion S. aureus isolated from hospital ICUs has some homology, and the small number of types showed the trend of concentrated distribution.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection(SSI)in neurosurgical patients in a tertiary first-class hospital,and provide reference for the prevention and control of SSI.Methods 47 neurological patients with SSI (49 patients developed SSI,2 were excluded from study due to the lack of appropriate control subject)from December 31 ,2011 to December 31 ,2012 were as infected group,and 94 patients without SSI (1 ∶2 matching)were as non-infected group,risk factors for SSI were analyzed retrospectively.Results There was no significant difference in general condition of two groups of patients (all P >0.05 );among 3 708 patients,49 (1 .32%)developed SSI;intracranial infection was the main type of SSI (89.80%);27 patients were performed ce-rebrospinal fluid (CSF)bacteriological detection,6 (22.22%)of whom were positive for CSF bacteriological detec-tion.Univariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for SSI in neurosurgical patients were operational risk assessment score (OR =2.04),frequency of preoperative antimicrobial use(OR =3.15 ),fre-quency of intraoperative antimicrobial use(OR=2.58),duration of operation(OR=2.70),surgical blood loss(OR=1 .72),indwelling drainage tube(OR=4.30),duration of indwelling drainage tube after operation(OR=2.06),and time for initial dressing change(OR=1 .66);Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the in-dependent risk factors for SSI were frequency of preoperative antimicrobial use(P =0.03,OR =4.86),duration of operation(P =0.05,OR = 2.89 ),and time for initial dressing change after operation (P = 0.01 ,OR = 1 .92 ). Conclusion Risk factors for SSI in department of neurosurgery are multiple,duration of operation,duration of in-dwelling drainage tube after operation,and time for initial dressing change after operation are major risk factors.
ABSTRACT
Objective To realize the current situation of glove perforation during surgical operation process,and provide basis for preventing surgical glove perforation.Methods In January 2014,an investigation on glove perfo-ration was conducted among operation personnel in 9 operating rooms in a hospital,glove perforation rates,sites, causes and noticed ways were analyzed.Results A total of 2 909 person-time was investigated,147 person-time oc-curred glove perforation,person-time rate of glove perforation was 5.05%;153 of 5 818 gloves (2.63%)were per-forated,6 person-time occurred perforation of double gloves;gloves perforation rates of each specialized surgery were significantly different (χ2=87.945,P<0.001),cardiac surgery(11.84%)and plastic surgery(10.78%)had the hight perforation rates.The common sites of perforation were index finger,thumb,and middle finger,the main cause of perforation was sharp damage by stitches and devices.Most perforations were noticed intraoperatively,and seldom found postoperatively by naked eyes;gloves of different brands had different perforation rates(χ2=33.845, P<0.001).Conclusion In order to reduce and prevent the perforation during operation process,glove brands with good quality should be chosen,and measures for the prevention of glove perforation should be formulated according to the types of surgery.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) could stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts, keratinocyte and skin mucosae cells to different degrees.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of rhGM-CSF on the healing of drug exosmose induced skin ulcers.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from June to November 2004. Totally 20 male Kunming white mice, with body mass of 18 to 24 g, were chosen.METHODS: Prepared skin ulcers animal models were randomly divided into control group and treated group with 10 white mice in each group.Mice in the control group were given 1mg phentolamine ,20 mg lidocaine and 1mg dexamethasone diluted by normal saline to 0.5 mL ,then sealed up , once a day for 7 days; 25 μg rhGM-CSF was diluted by normal saline to 0.5 mL , then the solution was injected into the periphery of ulcers of mice in treated group , once every other day, for 7 days. Healing time and histological change of skin tissue at ulcer were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To observe the effect of rhGM-CSF on the healing time of drug exosmose induced skin ulcer and anabrosis and histological changeRESULTS: Totally 20 mice entered the stage of result analysis. ①Healing time: the healing time of ulcer and erosion was significantly longer in control group than in treated group [(20-24,8-12)d,t=2.264,P=0.01];②Histological observation: hyperplasia of granulation tissue was not obviously on 7 days after treatment in control group; Hyperplasia of granulation tissue appeared and the newly born blood vessel was abundant on 7 days after treatment in the treated group.CONCLUSION: rhGM-CSF can promote the wound healing of drug induced anabrosis and ulcer.
ABSTRACT
Objective To vie the effect of theophylline on eosinophil (Eos) apoptosis. Methods EDTA-anticoagulated venous blood was obtained from 15 healthy volunteers and pre-incubated with saline or theophylline (10 -4 M) or dexamethasone and rhIL-5(10 -8 M),respectively.The mRNA of bcl-2 and bax were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and their cytoplasm proteins were determined by flo cytometry. Results Analysis revealed that the bax protein express intracellular without any stimulator,but not bcl-2 in protein and mRNA levels.And culturing Eos in the presence of 10 -8 M IL-5 for 24 hours up-regulating bcl-2 mRNA ( P
ABSTRACT
Objective To construct and identify the recombinant BCG (bacille Calmette-Guerin) expressing exogenous antigen, namely Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (house dust mite), major allergen (Der p2) in form of secreting protein. Methods The gene fragments containing ?-ss signal peptide gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the Mycobacteria tuberculosis H37Rv and cloned into the Der p2-rBCG, which can express Der p2 in intracellular pattern.Then the Der p2 gene was expressed by the rBCG in form of secreting protein, and it was identified by Western blotting. Results The sequence of signal peptide gene ?-ss was verified by sequencing identification. The constructed Der p2-rBCG could shuttle from E. coli to Mycobacteria to mediat the expression of antibiotic resistance gene and it served as a vector to express the Der p2 gene as a secreted protein. Conclusions The Der p2-rBCG, which can express exogenous antigen gene in form of secreting protein, has been constructed successfully.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To obtain a vaccine with sLAG-3 as immunoadjuvant and investigate its biologic activity in order to establish the safe and effective way for asthma as one of the specific immunotherapy.METHODS: The coding sequence of LAG-3 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction,the expression vector pcDNA-sLAG-3-Ig was constructed by inserting the PCR products of sLAG-3 and Fc sequence of IgG.With electroporation transfection,pcDNA-sLAG-3-Ig was transfected into COS-7 cells and its biologic activity was investigated by Western blotting analysis.RESULTS: By temperature induction,the LAG-3-Ig was highly expressed in E.coli DH5?.LAG-3-Ig fusion protein was observed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting,the results showed that the LAG-3-Ig protein was an antagonist of the IL-4-induced synthesis of IgE in B cells.CONCLUSION: A new vaccine with sLAG-3 as immunoadjuvant was obtained.It could inhibit synthesis of IgE in B cells.Thus,LAG-3-Ig would be hopeful to establish the safe and effective way for asthma as one of the specific immunotherapy.