ABSTRACT
El presente trabajo analiza las posibilidades de emergencia de arbovirosis en los humedales de la Comunidad Valenciana. El objetivo, es inferir qué zonas húmedas podrían suponer un escenario potencial para el desarrollo de un brote epidémico, en función de sus características físicas y biológicas. Se llevó a cabo un programa de muestreo estacional para la captura de larvas de mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae), por ser los organismos vectores de la enfermedad. Para su captura, se empleó la técnica de dipping, a la vez que se caracterizó el cuerpo hídrico muestreado mediante el uso de sistema portátil de medida multiparamétrico Consort C535. Se recolectaron un total de 3.418 ejemplares, fijándose en 6 las especies de mosquito potencialmente vectoras de arbovirus, siendo éstas: Aedes albopictus (n=10), Culex modestus (n=62), Culex pipiens (n=2246), Culex theileri (n=2), Culiseta annulata (n=94) y Ochlerotatus caspius (n=330), lo que supone un posible riesgo de transmisión de virus West Nile, Sindbis, Usutu y Tahyna. El diseño y análisis de los mosaicos de contingencia, reveló que los humedales con mayor potencialidad para sufrir brotes epidémicos en la Comunidad Valenciana son las albuferas, los marjales y los saladares.
The present work analyses the possibility of the emergence of West Nile virus in the Valencian Autonomous Regions wetlands (Eastern Spain), with the aim of inferring what kind of wetland possesses the necessary characteristics to cause a West Nile epidemiological outbreak. A seasonal sampling program of mosquito larvae (Diptera: Culicidae) was carried out. Larvae were captured by "dipping" technique, and a Consort C535 laptop system was used to measure physical and chemical wáter bodies characteristics. Data was statistically analyzed with JMP 7 statistical program. A total of 3418 individuals were collected; obtaining a total of 6 mosquito species: Aedes albopictus (n= 10), Culex modestus (n= 62), Culex pipiens (n= 2246), Culex theileri (n= 2), Culiseta annulata (n= 94) and Ochlerotatus caspius (n= 330). These results represent the possibility of transmission of West Nile and other flaviviruses like Sindbis, Usutu or Tahyna. The design of contingency mosaics revealed that wetlands with the greatest capacity to produce a disease outbreaks in the Valencian Autonomous Region, are lagoons, pocosins and saltmarshes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Arbovirus Infections , Culicidae , Disease Vectors , Zoonoses , Epidemiologic Factors , Public HealthABSTRACT
Biodiversity within the subfamily Alyssinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in the Natural Park Peñas de Aya (Spain). The study of parasitoid Hymenoptera is of significance for the assessment of diversity in a given area because of their role in the regulation of insects populations. The present work analyses diversity within Alysiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in the Forested Estate of Artikutza, located in the Natural Park Peñas de Aya, western Pyrenees, Spain. Collection of specimens was spread over two years and was carried out in two different habitats: mixed forest and beech forest. A total of 2,270 specimens, belonging to 22 separate genera, were captured. Subsequently, alpha, beta and gamma diversities were analysed, and the beech forest was proven to host greater diversity than the mixed forest. A sampling strategy was adopted for the analysis of Alysiinae phenology and its relationship with environmental climatic conditions; as a result, a direct relationship between phenology and temperature was attested.
Biodiversidade na Alyssinae subfamília (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) no Parque Natural Peñas de Aya (Espanha). O estudo dos himenópteros parasitóides é significativo para uma avaliação da diversidade em determinada área por causa do seu papel no controle das populações de insetos. O presente trabalho analisa a diversidade no taxon Alysiinae (Himenóptero, Braconidae) na área de floresta de Artikutza, localizada no Parque Natural de Peñas de Aya, Pirinéus ocidentais, Espanha. A coleta de espécimes dividiu-se em dois anos e foi realizada em dois habitats diferentes: floresta mista e floresta de faias. No total, foram capturados 2.270 exemplares pertencentes a 22 gêneros distintos. Subsequentemente, as variedades alfa, beta e gama foram analisadas, comprovando-se que a floresta de faias apresenta uma diversidade maior que a floresta mista. Adotou-se a estratégia de amostra para análise da fenologia da Alysiinae e da sua relação com as condições climáticas ambientais, de onde se concluiu que existe uma relação direta entre a fenologia e a temperatura.