ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the cervical cancer incidence and mortality in cancer registries of Zhejiang province during 2000 to 2009.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of cervical cancer incidence and mortality were collected from six cancer registries in Zhejiang province. Staff of Zhejiang Provincial Cancer Prevention and Control Office checked, sorted and analyzed the data to calculate crude, standardized rate and trend. Chinese census in 1982 and Segi's population were used for age-standardized incidence and mortality rates.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence rate of cervical cancer in Zhejiang cancer registration areas was 11.78/100 000 during 2000 to 2009, and age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were 7.05/100 000 and 8.62/100 000, respectively. The mortality rate was 1.89/100 000, and age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were 0.95/100 000 and 1.23/100 000, respectively. The age-specific incidence rates showed different trends, increased significantly after the age of 25, peaked at 45-year-old group, which was 23.03/100 000 (578/2 510 099) , and decreased at the age of 50, while the age-specific mortality rates gentlely increased, peaked at 85 years of age group, which was 11.94/100 000 (33/276 414) . The cervical Cancer Incidence from 5.96/100 000 (86/1 443 589) in 2000, increased to 18.90/100 000 (898/4 751 426) in 2009, the annual percent change (APC) was 16.64% (95%CI:11.87%-21.61%). The mortality showed a gentle upward trend from 1.45/100 000 (21/1 443 589) , increased to 2.53/100 000 (120/4 751 426) in 2009, the APC was 6.63% (95%CI:1.73%-11.77%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cervical cancer showed younger trend, the incidence and mortality trends showed an increasing trend, should strengthen the prevention and control of cervical cancer.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Asian People , China , Epidemiology , Incidence , Registries , Survival Rate , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , MortalityABSTRACT
Experiment examination plays an important role in evaluation of clinical microbiology experiment teaching.Standardized experiment examination system of clinical microbiology is a fair,objective and scientific assessment of students' learning effect and an important mean to evaluate teaching quality.The standardized experimental evaluation system includes organization,standardized examination contents,standardized procedures and operations,standardized invigilation and record,standardized scoring criteria,correction and prevention measures.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of recombinant Vibrio vulnificus hemolysin (rVvhA) on the expression of nitric oxide(NO) and induced nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in J774A. 1 cells.Methods The inhibitory effect of rVvhA on J774A. 1 proliferation was measured by MTF colorimetry technique. The content of nitrite in culture medium was determined by Griess reagent. The expression of iNOS protein and mRNA were measured by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR, respectively. Results The viability of J774A. 1 cells was apparently inhibited when exposed to 0.8 HU/ml rVvhA and up. With the help of IFN-γ, the expression of NO and the activity of iNOS in J774A. 1 cells were remarkably increased when exposed to 0.4 HU/ml rVvhA. Conclusion rVvhA can increase the expression of NO and iNOS, it may play an important role in the pathogenic mechanism of Vibrio vulnificus.