ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the change of the expression of the FasL receptor and apoptosis in the pathology of silicosis of the rats exposed to silica and their roles.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-six wistar rats were randomizedly divided into the control group and the experimental group. The silicotic animal model was established by the direct tracheal instillation of silica into rat lungs surgically. The control rats underwent directly tracheal instillation of saline into lungs surgically. Eight rats from each group were sacrificed at different days. The expression of FasL receptor in the tissue of the model rats was detected by tissuechip microarray and immunohistochemistry and the cell apoptosis induced by silica was determined by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling method. The integral optical density of positive cells were quantitatively analyzed using Image-Pro Plus Version 4.5 for windows.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of FasL in the lung tissue of the model rats on the 7th, the 14th, the 21st, and the 28th day was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and peaked at the 14th day after exposure to silica. Apoptotic cells in the lung tissue of the model rats on the 1st, the 3rd, the 7th, the 14th, the 21st, and the 28th day were significantly more than those in the control group, and peaked at the 7th and the 14th day after exposure to silica.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Silica can lead to apoptosis in lung tissues. FasL is expressed in all kinds of cells in the pulmonary tissues of the rats exposed to silica and leads to apoptosis. From the 7th day to 14th day, inflammatory cells dominate in apoptotic cells.</p>