ABSTRACT
Objective] To investigate the influence of risk factors in prognosis of elderly patients with rectal cancer , and to provide reference for improving the prognosis of colorectal cancer . [ Methods] A total of 124 elderly cases of rectal cancer were selected in our hospital from January 2007 to January 2012 as research objects .The factors affecting the prognosis and survival rate were analyzed by the SPSS 17.0 software. [ Results] The 1-, 3 -, and 5 -year survival rates for the 124 patients were 91. 13%, 54.03%, 23.39%, the median survival time being 41 months; stage I +II patients with 3 year survival rate accounted for the highest 85 .71%of low differentiation , recurrent patients with 3 year survival rate were the lowest 11.54%.COX regression analysis showed that , TNM staging, distant metastasis, re-currence, and degree of differentiation had significant effect (P<0.05) in the prognosis of the patients [ Conclusion] TNM staging , distant metastasis , degree of differentiation , and recurrence were independ-ent risk factors in elderly patients with rectal cancer , which can be used as important evaluation indexes in the prognosis of the patients .
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the spherical diopter and astigmatism change of humans at sitting and supine position.De- sign Prospective case series.Participants 96 eyes of 52 patients (spherical diopter from-2.50 D to-10.00 D,astigmatism diopter from -0.75 D to-4.50 D) were selected.Methods The subjects were examined with NIKON portable retinomax at sitting and supine posi- tion,respectively.Main Outcome Measures The spherical diopter,cylinder diopter and axis change were analyzed statistically.Re- sults Spherical diopter at supine position (-5.31?3.43 D) was a little higher than that at sitting position (-5.27?3.24 D) statistically(P= 0.25),and cylinder diopter at sitting position (-2.27?1.24 D) and at supine position (-2.35?1.19 D) was no statistically difference (P= 0.20).The axis of astigmatism changed from-16?to +18?.Axis change was within 2?in 52.1% eyes,6?-10?in 5.2%,over 10?in 3.1%. The change of axis rotation tended to counter-clockwise in the right eye and clockwise in the left eye.Conclusions Eye rotation at sit- ting and supine position may cause the astigmatism axis change.It may be one of the main factors affecting the results of LASIK.
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<p><b>AIM</b>To develop a real-time PCR method for quantifying low abundance mRNA expression in rat arterial tissues and examine differential changes of angiotensinogen (AGT) gene expression in basilar and femoral arterial tissues after 8 weeks simulated weightlessness.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After 8-wk of simulation, basilar and femoral arteries were harvested from both simulated weightless (SUS) and control (CON) rats. Then total RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed. The real-time PCR using TaqMan-MGB probe was performed to quantify AGT mRNA expression. The amplification efficiency (E) of PCR was calculated from the slope of standard curve. The threshold cycle (Ct) was detected by changes in fluorescence during a real-time PCR. Finally, the relative expression ratio of the target gene (AGT) to the reference gene (GAPDH) was calculated using E and Ct according to the mathematical model derived from the equation calculating the starting fluorescence (Ro).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After a 8-weeks simulated weightlessness, the AGT mRNA expression increased by 240 percent in basilar arterial, and decreased by 66 percent in femoral arterial tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The specificity, sensitivity, precision, reproducibility, and simplicity of real-time PCR method using TaqMan-MGB probe make it particularly suitable for quantification of low abundance mRNA in arterial tissue from rats.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Angiotensinogen , Genetics , Metabolism , Blood Vessels , Metabolism , Gene Expression , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reproducibility of Results , Weightlessness SimulationABSTRACT
Objective To compare the coherence of serum creatinine,creatinine clearance(Ccr), Cystatin C,and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)in each stage of chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients.Methods Creatinine in serum and urine were determined by Jaffe method;serum Cystatin C was measured by particle enhanced turbidimetric method,while eGFR was calculated using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease(MDRD)equation which was mainly based on the serum creatinine concentration.According to the American national kidney foundation-Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative(NKF-K/DOQI)guideline,all cases were grouped by eGFR into 5 stages.Results In these 228 cases,as eGFR decreased gradually,the average levels of creatinine and Cystatin C increased,while Ccr decreased.The level of each items showed a statistic difference among each stage(P0.05);in eGFR 60-89 ml/min group,the average level of creatinine was 83.3 ?mol/L,the abnormal rate was only 6.8%,it was not a sensitive marker to detect the slightly damaged GFR,the levels of Ccr and Cystatin C showed a marginal decrease and increase,with an abnormal rates of 70% and 86%,there was a statistic difference among the three abnormal rates(P